Patriarch - nayo ... evaIsraeri weRussia. Patriarch Kirill

Patriarch - ndicho chikuru Ecclesiastical chiremera munyika autocephalous Orthodox Church Christian. Shoko ine kubatana maviri zvinoumba mudzi uye muchiGiriki anonzi zvichishandurwa so "baba", "kwaizoita" kana "simba." Iri zita rakazoshandiswa Chalcedon chechi kanzuru muna 451. Mushure chechi yechiKristu paradzanisa muna 1054 panguva Eastern (Orthodox) uye Western (Catholic), zita iri midzi vakuru vakuru pakati Eastern Church, apo tateguru - inokosha hierarchical rokuremekedza rechina mufundisi weChirungu ainzi ane mukuru Ecclesiastical simba.

kumadzibaba

Munguva Byzantine Empire panguva chechi inotungamirirwa Mateteguru mana: Constantinople, Alexandria, Andiyoki neJerusarema. Nokufamba kwenguva, sezvo vakawana rusununguko uye autocephaly kunyika dzakadai Serbia uye Bulgaria, kwakaita Chechi ikamira tateguru. Asi Tateguru wokutanga Russia akasarudzwa muna 1589 maererano Moscow Cathedral kereke akanyatsorongwa, akatungamirira panguva iyoyo bhishopi Constantinople Jeremiah II.

Madzitateguru yeRussia aiva simba guru pamusoro pokumuka yeChechi yeOrthodox. Dzavo udyire nzira udyire zvechokwadi umhare, uye saka vemazuva ano anofanira kuziva uye vachiziva ichi, nekuti mumwe nomumwe evaIsraeri dzimwe padanho chave kusimbisa kutenda kwechokwadi kune Slav avanhu.

basa

Wokutanga Moscow Patriarch ava Jobho, uyo akabata hofisi chitsvene kubva 1589 kusvika 1605. Its chikuru uye huru chinangwa chaiva kusimbisa Orthodoxy muRussia. Aiva initiator vanoverengeka chechi zvinhu. Under dioceses ake itsva dzakagadzirirwa uye hwakawanda dzemamongi, kereke akatanga kudhindwa munamato mabhuku. Zvisinei, tateguru muna 1605 Akabviswa nokuda vamukira uye vapanduki nokuda kuramba kubvuma chiremera Venhema Dmitry I.

naHerimogene

For Job Patriarchate akatungamirira Svyaschennomuchenik Germogen. Kutonga kwake wafambidzana kubva 1606 kusvika 1612. Nguva iyi rakaenderana nguva rokutonga kwazvo yenyonganyonga munhau yeRussia. Patriarch Job pachena uye akataura asingatyi achipikisa vatorwa nechisimba uye Polish Prince, aida kuvaka Russian choushe. Panguva iyoyo naHerimogene akanga kurohwa Poles, uyo vakamuuraya achengetwe Miracle Monastery uye ikoko nenzara. Asi vakanga vanzwa mashoko ake, uye nokukurumidza matongosika anopamba inotungamirwa Minin uye Pozharsky.

Filaret

Akatevera bhishopi munguva kubva 1619 kusvika 1633 aiva Fedor Nikitich Romanov Jura, uyo afa chevaux Fedor Romanov akava chepamutemo kurwa chake choushe, sezvo aiva muzukuru Ioanna Groznogo. Asi Fedor yakawira kunhau Boris Godunov uye akanga tonsured mumongi, kugamuchira zita Filaret. Munguva yenyonganyonga panguva Venhema Dmitry II, Metropolitan Filaret kwekukumikidzwa kwaJohwani. Mikhail Romanov - asi muna 1613, mwanakomana Filaret akasarudzwa Russian chamber. Saka, akava co-regent, pakarepo shure Filaret midzi San tateguru.

I Ioasafa

The mutsivi tateguru Filaret kubva 1634 kusvika ra1640 rakava bhishopi muPskov uye Velikiye Ioasafa I, uyo akapedza zvikuru basa iri kukanganisa kururamiswa mumabhuku minamato. Kana mabhuku 23 nayo minamato dzakabudiswa, yakavambwa dzemamongi matatu uye akadzorera shanu kare kuvharwa.

Joseph

Tateguru Rules Josefa chinzvimbo vatateguru kubva 1642 kusvika muna 1652 gore. Iye akateerera kwazvo nechiedza chomudzimu, saka Moscow Theological Academy "Rtishchevskaya sehama" kana rakavakwa muna 1648. St. Andrew wemamonk. Ukraine - ndiye nekuvongwa iye wokutanga matanho rakananga reunification yeRussia uye Little Russia yakanga yatorwa.

Nikon

Naizvozvo, kubva muna 1652 kusvika 1666 Chechi yeOrthodox yomuRussia inotungamirwa Patriarch Nikon. Akanga zvikuru anozviramba uye pakunamata baba, uyo achishingaira zvakabetsera reunification rweUkraine uye Russia, uye ipapo Belarus. Pasi pake zvigunwe zviviri chiratidzo chomuchinjikwa yave yakatsiva nemimwe mitatu.

Joasaph II

Wechinomwe tateguru akava Joasaph II, Archimandrite Utatu-rwacho Segiyo Lavra, uyo akatonga kubva cha1667 kusvikira 1672. Akatanga kutevera kuchinja Patriarch Nikon kana akatanga kudzidzisa marudzi kumucheto kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva Russia riri pamuganhu China achitevedza Amur River. Paitonga Rake ropafadzo rakakanganwika Ioasafa II Spassky Monastery yakatangwa.

Pitirim

Moscow Patriarch Pitirim anotonga chete gumi mwedzi 1672 ne 1673. Uye akamubhabhatidza Peipsi wemamongi chevaux Peter I. Muna 1973, nechikomborero chake rakaumbwa Ostashkov Tver wemamongi.

Joachim

Zvose zvinoitwa rinotevera Patriarch Joachim, mutongo muna 1674 na 1690, vakanga kunangana yokumwe kuchinja Russia. Muna 1682, panguva matambudziko nokuda kutsivana Patriarch Joachim akaita kuti agumise kumukira musketeers.

Andrian

Wegumi Patriarch Andrian vafundisi vakagara kubva 1690 kusvika 1700 uye kwaikosha pakuti vakatanga kutsigira zvirongwa hwaPetro I muna wengarava kuvaka, zvechiuto uye zvoupfumi kuchinja. basa rake rakanga chokuita kuchengetwa canons uye kudzivirirwa chechi kubva manyepo.

Tikhon

Zvino, makore chete pashure 200 synoidal nguva kubva 1721 kusvika 1917, akakwira yemhuri choushe, Metropolitan of Moscow uye Kolomna Tikhon, uyo akatonga kubva 1917 kusvika 1925. Munguva yehondo yevagari nokumukira, aifanira kugadzirisa nyaya pamwe itsva mamiriro, mafungiro kurutivi chechi.

Segiyo

Kubvira muna 1925, Metropolitan Segiyo pamusoro Nizhny Novgorod akava mutevedzeri Patriarchal Locum Tenens. Panguva Great Patriotic War yakanga yarongwa Defence Fund, kuburikidza icho anomutsa mari nherera uye kushandisa. Paiva isingachinji tangi mbiru pasi zita Dmitry Donskoy. Kubva 1943 kusvika 1944 akagadzwa tateguru.

Alexis I

Muna February 1945, Patriarch mutsva seizvi Alexy I, akaita nzira yake pachigaro kusvikira 1970, iye akasarudzwa. Akanga avimbiswa mumabasa kudzorerwa aparadza machechi uye dzimba dzemamongi pashure pehondo, kuti asimbise nevanhu hanzvadzi Orthodox Churches, Chechi yeRoma Katurike, Non-Chalcedonian makereke East uye nevaPurotesitendi.

Pimen

Inotevera musoro weChechi yeOrthodox aiva Patriarch Pimen, kumedura kupinda yebazi kubva muna 1971 kusvika 1990. Akava mutsivi pakati transformations anosarudza yapfuura vekare, uye akatungamirira zvose zvavaiita kusimbisa ukama pakati Orthodox nyika munyika dzakasiyana. Muzhizha 1988 Patriarch Pimen akatungamirira kugadzirira mhemberero yacho Millennium of Rubhabhatidzo Rus.

seizvi Alexy II

Kubva muna 1990 kusvika 2008, tateguru of Moscow seizvi Alexy akava Bishop II. munguva yokutonga kwake nokuda kukura uzivi uye kumutswa Russian Orthodoxy. Machechi akawanda uye dzemamongi azaruka panguva ino. Chiitiko chikuru chaiva pamukova wetemberi Kristu Muponesi muMoscow. Muna 2007, zvakanga akasaina Dzinokonzerwa Dzechokwadi Orthodox Church kuteterera neChechi yeOrthodox yokuRussia Kunze Russia.

Kirill

January 27, 2009 iye akasarudzwa navatanhatu Patriarch of Moscow, iyo yakava Metropolitan pamusoro Smolensk uye Kaliningrad Kirill. Izvi akakurumbira rechina mufundisi weChirungu ainzi akapfuma chaizvo Biography, nokuti mupristi nhaka. Mumakore mashanu kwake, Patriarch Kirill akazviratidza sechinhu ruzivo enyika uye nomazvo Ecclesiastical Wenyika, unogona kubudirira nemigumisiro yakanaka pfupi kunokwana kwazvo ukama President uye Prime Minister.

Patriarch Kirill anoita zvakawanda mukubatanidza Chechi yeOrthodox yomuRussia kunze. Ake kakawanda kuti nyika dzakavakidzana, misangano vashumiri uye vamiririri nevamwe vezvitendero kusimbisa uye kuwedzera miganhu noushamwari uye pamwe. Ake Utsvene kunyatsonzwisisa kuti zvakakosha kusimudza yetsika uye kunamata kwevanhu uye kunyanya vapristi. Anoti kuti Chechi zvinokosha kuita basa roumishinari. Bhishopi All Russia, rinooneka anodzivisa vadzidzisi venhema uye okunyanyisa mapoka kuti vasundire vanhu kuva pachena kuvhiringidzika. Nemhaka kutaura akanaka uye masirogani yakavanzwa chombo kuti kuparadzwa Church. Patriarch Kirill sezvo hakuna anonzwisisa kuti mukuru rokuremekedza. How huru yaro kukosha munyika muupenyu. Patriarch - ndiko, kupfuura zvose, basa guru rose nyika yose yeRussia vanhu Orthodox.