Oliver Stone (Oliver Stone): mafirimu uye mafirimu akaisvonaka emutungamiriri

MuAmerican film director, producer uye vanyori vemafirimu Oliver Stone (zita rose rainzi Oliver William Stone) akaberekerwa kuNew York musi waSeptember 15, 1946. Baba Dombo rakanga riri muJudha wechihedheni uye, naizvozvo, rakatevedzera chitendero chechiJudha. Amai vangu vaiva vaKaturike neFrance midzi. Sezvakavhiringidza, vabereki vakatanga kudzidzisa mwanakomana wavo mumweya weevhangeri. Mumwe anofanirwa kufunga kuti kushanda kwavo kwakanga kusina maturo, sezvo Oliver, asi kwete panguva dzose pamusoro pechiKristu, zvino anoteerera kune chitendero cheBuddhism.

Vietnam

Oliver Stone akawana dzidzo yake yepamusoro yekoroji, ndokuzonyora paYunivhesiti yeYale, asi haana kubudirira pakupedzisa zvidzidzo zvake, mushure megore mudzidzi asina chekuita akaenda kuSouth Vietnam ndokutanga kudzidzisa Chirungu ikoko paPacific College. Uyezve gore rakazotevera Dombo rakadzokera kuU.S., kuOregon, ndokuzoenda kuMexico. Apo muna 1967 akatumirwa kupinda muuto, Oliver akakumbira kuenda kuVietnam. Akatora chikamu mumatambudziko, akakuvadzwa kaviri uye akagamuchira mibairo yakawanda. Kudzoka kubva muhondo kunopera kwegore ra1968, Dombo rakapinda muYunivhesiti yeNew York paChikoro cheMotion Picture Arts, apo mudzidzisi panguva iyoyo aiva Martin Scorsese. Basa raEliver Stone rokupedza kudzidza rakapiwa kwavari pasi pemusoro unoti "Gore Rokupedzisira muVietnam".

Dombo uye Hitchcock

Kwenguva yakareba, Oliver Stone, uyo mafirimu aifarira ainyanya kuzvininipisa, akatema mafirimu evhareji yepamusoro, nebhajhini yakaderera uye yakakosha yakakanda. Asi muna 1981 Oliver akashamisika yose yeAmerica kuburikidza kusunungura firimu inogona kukwikwidzana nevashamisi vanovhundutsa veaneni veAlfred Hitchcock. Yakanga ichinzi kudzvinyirira - "Hand". Hero Jonathan Lansdale, asingazivi kuti akaisa ruoko rwake kunze kwewindo remotokari, rori rinouya rakabvarura ruoko. Hungu, saka iyo yakasvika panzvimbo yevapurisa yakagadzika muviri wevarombo vaLansdale vakawana uye havana kukwanisa, kunyange vakatsvaga mamita ose muruwa. Nokudaro, mutungamiri Oliver Stone pakarepo akapa nhungamiro yakajeka kumunda. Jonatani akaramba ari munhu asina simba uye munhu asingazivikanwi asina kukodzera, sezvaaiva mufananidzo. Iyo yakasvibiswa Lansdale yakatanga kukumbira nekudzungaira. Uye ruoko rwake rwakabvarurwa. Iye zvino aigara ari mumunda wekuona tenzi wake, uye Jonatani aigona kutarisa Rook nenzira ine utsinye kutsiva vanhu vose vakambomukuvadza kana kuvhiringidza marwadzo eimboimbova.

Dombo Rinofadza

Saka, kunyora screenplay yebhidhiyo "Hand", kuchibvisa uye kunyange kutamba chikamu chiduku mufirimu, mutungamiri Oliver Stone akanyatsojekesa kutungamira kwebasa rake. Uye firimu inotevera yakasimbisa mukurumbira wayo. Yaiva firimu inofadza "Conan muBarbarian" naArnold Schwarzenegger saConan, murwi weCimmerian, mutsivi ane utsinye. Zvisinei, Oliver Stone akangonyora script yemufirimu, akatungamirirwa naJohn Milius, uye akabudisa mufananidzo weDo De Derenrentiis.

Mushure mokunge "Conan muBararian" maererano neshoko reMatombo rakadururwa zvakare rimwe firimu rinotakurwa-"Chiso nechiso." Zvakare, Oliver akazviisa pachake pakunyora script, mutungamiriri wekugadzirwa kwaiva Brian De Palma, basa guru raitamba neAl Pacino. Unhu hwake ndiHannah Montana, mutengesi wezvinodhaka, akadzingwa kubva kuCuba naFidel Castro ndokugadzirisa muMiami. Cuban yakakurumidza kugadziriswa muFlorida ndokuva ishe anoremekedzwa wezvinodhaka.

Musoro wekutengesa zvinodhaka

Muna 1985, urongwa hwemafirimu eOriver Stone hwakazadzirwa nemamwe mafirimu pamusoro pekutengesa zvinodhaka. Yaiva "Gore reShato" nezvevatengesi vezvinodhaka muChinatown yeNew York. Sezvo atova tsika, mutungamiriri akanga asiri Dombo, asi Michael Cimino. Muiti wemufananidzo zvakare akaita Dino De Laurentiis. Basa guru remukuru wemapurisa Stan White, akadanwa kuti apedze kushandiswa kwemishonga, yakadanwa naMikkey Rourke. Izvo zvakava pachena kuti Oliver Stone, uyo mafirimu aive ainyanya kuve mafirimu ekutengesa zvinodhaka, anonyanya kukoshesa dambudziko iri.

Muna 1986, "Mamiriyoni masere nzira dzekufa," wekupedzisira Oliver Stone script, iyo yaasina kutora semutungamiri, yakatorwa. Mamwe ose emifananidzo, kutanga ne "Platoon" muna 1986 uye kupedzisa nemapurogiramu emapurisa ezuva ranhasi, Dombo rakarongedza. Mafirimu eOliver Stone, sekutonga, anokanganisa maonero ehupenyu hwevanhu vose.

"Mamiriyoni masere nzira dzekufa" mufananidzo weDombo raidiwa nheyo semunyori: kutengesa zvinodhaka, mapurisa, kupfura, kudhakwa, hupombwe uye kugoverwa kwezvikamu zvehutano. Dzimwe nguva zvinenge zvakaita rudo pakati pevanhu vanyori. Zvisinei, kutonga nehoteri yebhokisi chaiyo , moviegoers seyiyi musoro. Basa guru mufirimu rakatambidzwa naJeff Bridges, rakatungamirirwa naHal Ashby.

Vietnamese trilogy

Muna 1986cheteyo, Oliver Stone akaita firimu yekutanga yekutonga kwake pamusoro peHondo yeVietnam. Mifananidzo iyo inonzi "Platoon" uye inotaura nezvemauto ari kuedza kuwana nenzira yakasiyana "yerima-kutarisana", asingasviki, sezvizara. Zviitiko zvinowanzoitika pamuganhu neCambodia, platoon yakakamurwa kuva mapoka maviri, imwe iri pasi pemurairo we sergeant Bob Barnes, ane ruzivo murwi ane utsinye, mumwewo pasi pomurairo we sergeant Elias Grodin. Iko protagonist yemufirimu iri pacheche Chris Taylor, mumufananidzo weChibwe chakaedza kuzviratidza.

Yefirimu yechipiri kubva mumakwikwi pamusoro peHondo yeVietnam, "Yakaberekwa musi waJuly Fourth," yakabudiswa muna 1989. Oliver Stone akanyora script ndokuita semutungamiriri. Imwe firimu pamusoro pevarume vemuAmerica Ron Ronveveve, avo vakaendeswa kuenda kuVietnam uye ikoko kunodzivirira zvinodiwa nenyika yake. Ikoko kwakanga kusina mubvunzo pamusoro pokururama kwevatumi veuto, uye Ron akaenda kunzvimbo yake. Kusava nechokwadi kwakatanga kuonekwa gare gare, apo murwi wacho akaona kuti vagari vemo vakaurayiwa munguva dzekuparadzwa kwemisha, chii chisingafungidziki chinotyisa chaive chakakomberedza. Apo Ron Covic, akakuvara, akapinda muchipatara, akashamiswa nekusava nehanya kwechiremba nevashandi, zvishandiso zvezvoutano zvakasviba uye kuparadzwa kwakakwana.

Imwe firimu yekupedzisira yeTietnam trilogy, "Denga nenyika," rinotsanangura njodzi inotyisa yemukadzi wemakore makumi matatu nemakore aive nemukana wekunzwa zvose kutya kwekufa, kutambudzwa kwevanhu vanotambudza utsinye, nekunyadziswa. Zvose izvi zviedzo zvakaderera pane mugove wake munyika yekwavo, yakaparadzaniswa nehondo. Le Lee Heislip, ndiro zita romukadzi uyu, akaroora American Sergeant Steve Butler ndokubva aenda naye kuAmerica. Asi Butler haasi kusiya kusimba kwezvaakaona muVietnam, iyi ndiyo chirwere cheHondo yeVietnam . Mukuguma, Steve Butler haakwanisi kumira dambudziko ndokuzviuraya.

"Shots muDallas"

Pakati pefirimu yechipiri neyechitatu yeTannam trilogy, Dombo rakabvisa tape "John F. Kennedy: Anoenda kuDallas." Mutsamba yemavhidhiyo eOlver Stone, saka, akawana muchengeti wezvematongerwe enyika, zvichibva pane zvakaitika chaiye. Mufananidzo wacho wakabudiswa muna 1991. Pakati pegadziriro iyi inongororo yakazvimirirwa nemushuchisi Jim Harrison, achitaura shanduro yepamutemo inotungamirirwa neWarren Commission pamusoro pechipupuriro chemuongorori. Kubatana kwaLee Harvey Oswald kuri kubvunzwa nemushuchisi. Maererano nemutungamiri pachake, masangano makuru uye makambani makuru emabhizimisi aifarira kufa kwaKennedy. Oliver Stone, uyo mafirimu aiva nemavhidhiyo zvikurukuru nezvekutengeserana kwezvinodhaka uye Hondo yeVietnam, uye akazozadzirwa nevekupomerwa kwezvematongerwe enyika, anotarisira kuramba achishanda munzvimbo iyi.

Kukundikana

Mune basa raOriver Stone, pakanga pane kukanganisa kumwe chete, asi yakanga iri dambudziko guru rezvemari, rakaitika muna 2004 apo guru guru remufirimu wezvakanyorwa nezveAlexandro Mukuru rakabudiswa, rainzi "Alexander." Oliver Stone akanyorera screenplay yemufirimu, akazova mutungamiriri wayo, uyewo mutori. Iyo bhajeti yefirimu yakanga isati yave yakakwirira, yaiva $ 150 mamiriyoni. Basa guru ndiro rakaitwa neHollywood nyeredzi dzekutanga kukura: Colin Farrell naAngelina Jolie. Bhokisi rehofisi pahofisi yebhokisi raive mamiriyoni 34 emadhora.

Upenyu hwega

Upenyu hwehupenyu hweOriver Stone hutano hwevatatu uye vana vatatu.

Mukadzi wokutanga wemutungamiriri weNaiva Sarkis - mumiririri akajeka wehutano hwakanaka hweRebhanese yakabva. Oliver akamuchingamidza pamusangano musangano rehurumende kuUnited States. Naiwa akashanda semuchengetedzi wezvipo zvekuda zvekuMabvazuva. Vakanga vakaroorana muna 1971 uye vakagara pamwe kwemakore matanhatu. Upenyu hwavo hwemhuri hwakazara nemamiriro ezvinhu chete: mudzimai wechidiki aisagona kuva nevana. Kurambana kwakateverwa muna 1977.

Mudzimai wechipiri waOriver, mutambikadzi Elizabeth Stone, akaberekera vanakomana vake vaviri: Shona Christopher muna 1984 naMichael muna 1991. Mwanakomana wedangwe, Sean, akataridzirwa mumafirimu ababa vake mumabasa evana episodic. Oliver naErizabheti Stone vakagara pamwe chete kwemakore 12 uye vakarambana muna 1993.

Mukadzi wechitatu wemutungamiriri aiva Korea Sun-Zhong Jung, uyo Oliver ave achigara kwemakore gumi nemasere uye anonzwa akafara chaizvo. Vakaroorana vane mwanasikana, Tara, uyo anodzosera 17 gore rino.

Awards

Oliver Stone mitsva inoratidzira hupenyu hwekusika yemutungamiriri pamwe nekuratidzira zvaanogona zvikuru.

Yake yekutanga "Oscar" Dombo rakagamuchirwa mukusarudza "Best Screenplay" muna 1978. Pasi pe script, firimu "Midnight Express" yakatungamirirwa naAlan Parker. Mutsara unoti "pakati peusiku unoreva" mujeri slang zvinoreva kutiza. Icho chaiva kupukunyuka kwaWilliam Hayes, uyo akaiswa mujeri kwemakore makumi matatu nematatu pamishonga, ndokuumba hwaro hwemufirimu.

Dzimwe mbiri mbiri dzeAscar mumutungamiriri akapiwa mafirimu "Platoon" uye "Akaberekwa musi wechina munaJuly" (zvose zviri mufananidzo weVietnam trilogy).

Mukuwedzera kune zvipo zvepamusoro-soro, Dombo rakagamuchirawo mamwe mimwe mikana, yakadai se "Silver Bear" yeBerlin Film Festival muna 1987 uye "Special Prize Jury" muna 1994 Venice Film Festival.