Iyo yakanakisisa skrini ye classical mabhuku: urongwa. Zvinyorwa zveklasi yemabasa echikoro emabhuku echiRussia neChirungu

Chero chero svondo rekugadzira yemabasa ezvinyorwa zvechikoro nguva dzose inokwezva zvakanyanya kubva kune vese vanotsoropodza nevatarisi. Vaverengi vanonyanya kukurudzira kupfuura vamwe vateereri, nokuti kazhinji vanoziva maitiro, zvichienderana nehuwandu, inofanirwa kunyorwa zvakanaka, kana kuti isina kuongororwa zvachose. Pfungwa yekuona vatambi vemafirimu uye vanyori vemafirimu kazhinji hazvienderani nepfungwa yemunyori, uye kududzirwa kwakanyanya kunogona kuchinja zvachose. Zvisinei, vateereri vemafirimu havaregi izvi, uye vanoenderera mberi vachiisa mifananidzo yakakurumbira yemifananidzo pahwindo. Pakati pemavhidhiyo akawanda ehurongwa hwakadaro, pane zvishoma zvisingabudiriri tapepi dzakakundikana dzakapinda mukunonoka, asi kunewo izvo iwe unoda kudzokera zvakare uye zvakare, sekuverengazve bhuku rako raunoda. Ichi ndicho chakabudirira zvikuru uye chakanakisisa chakanaka kugadziriswa kwemazana ezvinyorwa. Munhu wose ane runyora rwemadipi awo aanofarira, asi zvakakosha kujekesa iyo mifananidzo yakagamuchirwa munyika yese kubva kuvatarisi nevatsoropodzi.

Iyo yakanakisisa skrini yeklasi yemabhuku muUSSR

Vashomanana vanogona kukakavhirana nechokwadi chokuti cinema yeSoviet yakapa nyika ine mafirimu akawanda echikwangwani anogona kunyatsozivikanwa anonzi masterpieces. Uye kugadzira mafirimu pane nyika yakakurumbira uye mabasa emhuri muUnited States vaida uye vaiziva kuti sei. Soviet cinema studios dzakabudirira mumhando dzose dzezvinyorwa zvekare. Dostoevsky - uyu ndomumwe wevanyori vanonyanya kufarira vatambi vemafirimu, ingave Russian kana vatorwa, kunze kwekuti "Idiot" muna 1958 yakapfuura zvokuti hapana aigona. Yuri Yakovlev, akangwarira mufananidzo weChirungu Myshkin, nhamo, haana kutora chikamu chechipiri chekufananidzwa kwechirwere chisingafi naFyodor Mikhailovich, pasinei neizvi, chinyorwa chechikamu chekutanga chakanga chiri pamusoro pezvose zvinorumbidzwa.

Leo Nikolayevich Hondo yeTolstoy uye rugare muzvinyorwa zvina zvakaoma kudzidza, uye zvakanyanya kuoma kupfura, asi mukuru mukuru weSoviet Sergei Bondarchuk akaita zvisingabviri. Yake eponymous film epic 1965-1967 yakabudiswa muzvikamu zvina - iyi ndiyo muenzaniso wakanaka wekugadziriswa kwemazana emabhuku echiRussia mabhuku. Zvose zvinonakidza mazviri - zvinoshamisa vateereri, hondo dzinofadza uye nhoroondo yacho pachayo, mumashoko anotsanangurwa anotapudzwa pahwindo.

The first mystical Soviet films

Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol, mumwe weavo vanofarira mhuri dzekasiki, avo mabasa avo anozivikanwa nehupenzi chaihwo uye yakasiyana-siyana. Mafirimu anoti "Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka" muna 1961 uye "Wii" muna 1967 ndeye humwe uchapupu hweizvi. Izvi zvinoshandiswa zvinoshamisa zvemazana ezvinyorwa zvinoratidza nzira yakasiyana-siyana yaGogol ine basa rakanaka remutungamiriri uye rakakanda rakanaka rinoramba richidiwa nemarudzi akawanda. "Wii" kazhinji yaiva yekutanga firimu yakadai muU.SR, kubudirira kwake kwakanga kusingareviki, uye Natalia Varley kwenguva yakareba zvakasiyana sekuti Pannochka asina kuzivikanwa.

Satire mu cinema

Ilf naPetrov - izvi zvatova zvekare zvezana remakore rechimakumi maviri, uye yakanga yatotanga kushingaira kuitema. Zvakanakira kuti kutanga kuedza kushandura "zvigaro gumi nemaviri" pahwindo zvakanga zvisiri muRussia. Muma1970, mabhuku maviri akadaro ezvinyorwa zvekuverenga mabhuku akaonekwa muUnited States panguva imwe chete. Nhamba yacho inosanganisira zvose zvinyorwa zvebhuku rinozivikanwa. Yokutanga muna 1971 yaiva yezvikamu zviviri zvefirimu naLeonid Gaidai naAchil Gomiashvili seBender. Kubva pakuona kwekugadzirwa uye kutungamirira basa, iyi firimu inowanikwa zvakajeka. Uye makore mashanu gare gare muna 1976, Mark Zakharov akasunungura firimu reTV kubva kune dzimwe nhepfenyuro, uko basa raOstap rakaenda kuna Andrei Mironov. Chinhu chinonakidza: Mironov ainyorwa kuti aite basa iri mufirimu yaGaidai, asi haana kuronga mutungamiriri, kunyange nhasi ndiyo nzvimbo yake yose ye post-Soviet inoonekwa seicho chaiyo Ostap Bender. Saka shanduro yeTV yeZakharov yakave yakakurumbira uye inozivikanwa inodiwa.

Pasina "Master naMargarita" - chero nzira!

Mabasa akasiyana aMikhail Bulgakov akaedza kubudisa mafirimu vose kune avo vasina ureme, uye kwete munyika yedu chete, asiwo kune dzimwe nyika. Asi zvakakosha kuziva mutsetse usingafi Gaidai, wakabva kuMikhail Afanasievich mukutamba muna 1973, "Ivan Vasilyevich ari kuchinja basa rake." Pasinei nekududzirwa kwakasiyana kwemashoko okutanga uye kugadziriswa kwemutungamiriri, script yakanyatsoteerera zvakakosha zvekusetsa, asi mazwi emapapiro akatorwa chaizvo kubva mubhuku. Uyu muenzaniso wekunakidza kusinganzwisisiki kwemazana ezvinyorwa zvekare, izvo zvakawana mukurumbira usina kumboitika uye vateereri rudo kwemakumi emakore akawanda. Iyo firimu inoramba yakakosha kusvikira nhasi. Asi iyo firimu inoshamisa, inobata uye yakarurama yaiva yezvikamu zviviri zveterevhizheni purogiramu ye "The Heart of a Dog" muna 1988, iyo yakakurumbidzwa zvikuru nevatsoropodzi uye yakagamuchira mibairo yakawanda, uye kune vakawanda vanoona iyo firimu ichiri yakanakisisa uye inodiwa. Mutevedzeri Vladimir Bortko akaita izvi zvichienderana nemigumisiro ye "sepia", kuitira kuti zviri nani kuratidze mamiriro emhepo panguva iyoyo, iyo yaakagona nayo neuchenjeri. Zvakanaka, basa guru rakasarudzwa nevatambi vechokwadi - Evgeni Evstigneev naVladimir Tolokonnikov, avo vakanyatsogadzirisa zvinyorwa zveProfesa Preobrazhensky naShakov.

Muenzaniso wekunakisisa kushandiswa kwemazana emabhuku echiRussia mabhuku muUnited States

Zvinoshamisa kuti, asi Hollywood inowanzoedza kujekesa maitiro ezvinyorwa zveRussia mabhuku, asi, nhamo, muzhinji ivo vari kunyorera, nokuti vanhu veAmerica havazombozvinzwisisi mweya weRussia unoshamisa. Zvisinei, kwete zvose zvavanoedza kuita zvinokundikana, semuenzaniso unotyisa ndewekugadziriswa muna 1965 webhuku raBaris Pasternak nharaunda Dhictor Zhivago. Pakati pemamwe mafirimu akabudiswa nekambani "Metro Golden Mayer", tepi iyi ndiyo imwe yeiyo yakabudirira zvikuru. Akatorawo nzvimbo yechisere mumutsara weiyo mafirimu akareba kwazvo muAmerica uye akawana akawanda seAscars mashanu. Nhau yacho yakazoitika, zvinoshamisa, inogutsa zvikuru uye inopindira.

Kushushikana kwaKainaina

VaAmerica vanofarirawo Leo Tolstoy, kunyanya "Anna Karenina." Mamwe maviri ezvo evharheni mabhuku e classical - Russian, asi neAmerican flavor - kungofanirwa kutarisa. Yokutanga yakabuda kune kure ne1935, basa raAna rakatambidzwa neGritta Garbo, uyo akazova mutambi wepamusoro wegore nekuda kwefirimu iyi, uye iyo yekupedzisira, nenzira, yakagamuchira Grand Prix paVenice Film Festival. Chechipiri Hollywood yakasarudza kupindira mubasa guru muna 2012. Iyo yakagadzirwa yakanga yakajeka uye yakashamisa, uye vateereri vakaifarira, asi, maererano nevakawanda vavo, Kira Knightley aisagona kushandisa zvakazara mufananidzo waKainaina. Uye muna 1999, Pushkin, kunyange akabudirira, akawana chikwangwani chekune dzimwe nyika. Rafe Fiennes uye Liv Tyler vakanyatsotarisana nemabasa avo mufirimu ye "Onegin", uye Tyler, semusikana mukuru wekune dzimwe nyika, akatotaurawo neRussian Guild of Film Critics.

Shona Romanticism

Usava mutorwa kune vaAmerica vhidhiyo uye vhidhiyo yeEnglish classical literature. Kunyanya rudo rwekuvhara pachivako mabasa eumwe wevanonyanya kudiwa vanyori veBritish Jane Austen. Semuenzaniso, "Kunyada uye Rusaruro" kwakaongororwa yakawanda kanomwe, asi mutsara wakabudirira zvikuru waiva mutsara-mutsva kubva kumativi matanhatu e 1995 naColin Firth naJennifer El vari mutungamiri. Iyi nzvimbo yakaisvonaka yakanyatsorondedzera mweya wenguva iyoyo uye chinangwa chebasa rose. Zvizhinji zvekusarudzwa nemikomborero yakakwirira, pamwe nevatariri vanoonga - chiratidzo chinonyanya kunaka chekuita kwehutano.

Sisters Bronte

Izvozvowo zvakazoitika mubhuku guru romurudo nguva dzose "Wuthering Heights" naEmily Bronte. Iyi ndiyo nhauri yake chete, asi yakatonyorwa gumi nemashanu: kubvira muna 1920, maiva nemafirimu, uye zvinyorwa zvakabva mubasa iri rakanaka. Akashambadza mafirimu e1939 naMerle Oberon naLaurence Olivier vari mutungamiri. Zvisinei, mugore ra2011, mashomanana arthouse version ekugadziridzwa kwekasiyano yakaitwa naAlexander Arnold yakabudiswa. Kurapa kusina kujairika kwakaratidza kumativi erima ebasa iri, uye munhu mukuru wakagadzirwa seAfrica America, iyo iri pedo nechinangwa chebhuku racho pacharo. Iyi firimu yakanga yakazara uye inonakidza.

"Charlotta Bronte's" Jane Eyre "akaongororwa zvishomanana, nguva nhatu, zvisinei, iyo nyaya yakanaka uye yakasuruvara yenyaya yaive yakanyanya kufananidzira uye yenyama mumutambo we1996 wezita rimwechete rinotungamirirwa naFranco Zeffirelli. Mafirimu ari pamusoro apa ndiwo anonyatsojeka uye anofadza kugadziriswa kwemazana ezvinyorwa zveChirungu Romanticism.

Shona Realism

Charles Dickens ndiye nyanzvi yekuzarurirwa kwehupenyu hwevanhu, maitiro akaipa, akabudisa zvakanyanya kutarisa kumativi ayo. Zvichida ndicho chikonzero mabhuku ake akasimba uye anofadza. Muchiitiko ichi, chinyorwa chechirongwa chemabhuku echikoro chakashanduka kuva chakasimba kwazvo. Sezvo, somuenzaniso, iyo firimu yezvinonyadzisa zvinyorwa zveRoma Polanski "Oliver Twist", yakabudiswa muna 2005. Uye kunyange zvazvo mutungamiriri akashandura zvakawanda munhau, achiita kuti ive yakanyanyisa, zvinokosha zvebasa raDickens kubva pane izvi hazvina kurasikirwa, asi, zvakasiyana, zvakashandurwa mumhando yaro yepakutanga.

Chimwe chiedza chakanaka chekuita mafirimu emabasa emutauro weChirungu chisingafi mutambo wegore ra2012 unonzi "Great Hopes", mubatanidzwa weBritain neUnited States. Chimwe sarudzo yakanaka yevadzidzisi uye mhepo isinganzwisisiki inokonzera kukanganisa kumwe kwechirongwa, asi mweya weChirungu chechiGiriki wakanaka.

The Legendary Cinema

Rudo nhau dzagara dzichinyanya kukoshesa mafirimu, nekuti vataridzi vanovada zvikuru. Uye kana iri iri runyaradzo rukuru rukuru, rwakaberekwa kunze kweunyanzvi hwevanyori vanoshamisa, saka shanduro dzakadaro dzezvinyorwa zvechirongwa ndezvokufunga nezvekutanga. Muna 1939, yekutanga ruvara rwemafirimu yakareba-refu, rakashandiswa kushandisa teknolojia ye "teknolojia", yaiva melodrama "Yakaenda Nemhepo" yakatungamirirwa naVictor Fleming, yakabva pamutsananguriro aMargaret Mitchell, iyo yakava yechechi yemitambo yemazana emakore makumi maviri. Akagamuchira rekodhi nhamba yeAscars. Vivien Leigh naClark Gable, kana kuti, vanhu vavo, Scarlett O'Hara naRhett Butler, vakazova zviratidzo zvemazuva avo.

Makirasiki emabhuku eUnited States emakore makumi maviri

Pakati pevanyori veAmerica ikoko kunewo huzhinji hwevanhu hunoonekwa, hunogona kutumidzwa zvakachengetedzwa zvekare uye firimu zvisikwa. Ernest Hemingway bhuku raErnest Hemingway rakanzi "Kuzvidzivirira KuArms" rakaongororwa panguva yehupenyu hwake, uye kunyange zvazvo munyori pachake ainge atsamwiswa nemamwe magumo ekupedzisira kwekugadzirwa, firimu ra1932 neGimar Cooper inimitable yakave yakangoshamisa. Muna 1962, chinyorwa chevhesi yeHarper Lee "Kaura a Mockingbird", iyo iyo munyori akapinda mumabhuku ezvinyorwa zveAmerica mabhuku. Mutevedzeri mukuru wemufirimu uyu unoshamisa, mutungamiri weHollywood anonyanya kukosha wenguva iyo, Gregory Peck, akagamuchira Oscar nokuda kwebasa reAtticus Finch, uyewo kugamuchirwa uye kushingaira kwemuvambi wenhau ino. Makore gumi nematatu mushure mekubudiswa kwebhuku raKen Kesey ra "One Flew Over the Cucate's Nest" muna 1975, nyika yakaona firimu yakafananidzwa neanyanzvi Jack Nicholson mubasa rehurukuro, iro rave rave rakakurumbira kupfuura bhuku racho pacharo. Muchengeterwo weklasi yemabhuku ndiyo munda unobereka mu cinema. Saka unofanirwa kutarisira mifananidzo itsva uye inofadza.