Nezvekwakabva shoko "chikoro". Mabviro ezwi rokuti "chikoro"

Shoko "chikoro" kunoitwa nevakawanda pakutaura kwedu kuti vanhu vashoma akashamisika apo shoko rakasvika. "School" - sezvazvakanyorwa kutaurwa Russian, "skhole" - nenzira yakarira muGirisi yekare, apo anoberekwa. Zvisinei, akadudzira zvishoma zvakasiyana, "zororo", "yokufaranuka" uye "nungo", mune mamwe mashoko - ". Dandadzo" Mabviro ezwi rokuti "chikoro" chinorehwa ichi haisi standstill kwakakwana uye kutandara uye kuramba kwake haringakupembedzi nguva, vakangwara uye anorayiridza kukurukura - the kufarira art vazivi vechiGiriki. Nokufamba kwenguva, vakachenjera izvi nevafungi vaigara vadzidzi, uye pfungwa "chikoro" rakasvika kureva zvatinokanganisa, uye gare gare nzvimbo chakatorwa kwaari.

Makirasi pachikoro kokupedzisira haasi akasiyana zvikuru kubva chidzidzo chanhasi. Sezvingatarisirwa, nguva musiyano vakauya pamusoro kuchinja, asi nheyo rakafanana marwadzo ari yaizivikanwa kwatiri: zvakafanana vasingadzoreki vadzidzi, kunyatsoteerera vadzidzisi uye hakunakidzi zvidzidzo.

School dzekare

Kudzidza kwauchaita akatora nzvimbo kunyange Pandakangowana zvokukura emunhu, saka tinogona kufungidzira kuti zvikoro okutanga akazviratidza panguva iyoyo. Zvinoreva shoko "chikoro" iri Ancient World vakatakura yakasiyana: Vana havasi kudzidziswa kuverenga nokunyora (richiri hariko), uye kukwanisa kurarama munyika kunze nyika. Kugona kuvhima uye zvombo vaiva zvidzidzo chinokosha vakomana. Girls, uyewo nguva dzose, nyanzvi kurima, nomusoni, kubika. Eya, apo pasina ongororo? Chokwadi vakanga, asi vaiva nomuedzo, vanonzi "ayaruka". Jaya kuedza kwedu uye kushivirira anogona akatambudzwa nomoto, vakamurova, akacheka ganda, riri akapotsa zvakakonzera nguva dzose kuyaruka kufenda. Kunobudirira Panopera bvunzo ichi chaiva kumukomana wacho kuzvikudza sezvo akazova azere nhengo vanhu vakura.

SevaSumer: rudzi vakadzidza chaizvo

Vakapona kunakidza chaizvo mashoko pamusoro Sumerian zvikoro - mumwe wokutanga dzomunyika. "Imba Mahwendefa" - saka dzidzo chavagari, izvo kwemakore 3000 BC. e. Inoziva unyanzvi zvehari, pebhanhire diridza minda, kugadzira, kugadzira, nokuchengetedza maturusi emhangura uye ndarira.
SevaSumer nounyanzvi akanyora nhetembo, mimhanzi, aiva mutauro wavo rakanyorwa, aiziva nezvenyeredzi, nemasvomhu vaiva mitemo mikuru (chokuwanziridza, kupesana, uye kunyange kubviswa kubva uwandu muchivara mudzi). Zviri zvikoro izvi akasvimha upenyu majaya, uyo vakabva vakava vatungamiriri.

School muIjipiti

Zvakaoma kuti vadzidzi yeEgipita, nekuti nzira yekudzidza yakanga yakaoma: aida kuziva kupfuura 700 vatambi, dzinyore izvo zvaida kutarisirwa zvikuru.
An zvinokosha chinhu yokudzidza yakanga trehhvostaya chiwepu avete patsoka mudzidzisi. Vadzidzi zuva ose chikoro zvakatanga nhetembo kudzidza, vachidzokorora ndima refu zvinonzwika ari mudzidzisi, uye zvino vakanga vakasununguka kuvaudza pakupera kwezuva.

Ungadzidzei vaGiriki vekare

MuGirisi yekare zvakanga aibvumirwa kupinda chikoro chete vakomana kubva mhuri vakapfuma - Vanakomana varanda pakanga pasina nzvimbo, saka vaifanira kutanga kushanda vachiri vaduku. Vasikana vakanga kumba hwomuzuva, kutarisirwa naamai vangu, uye pakugona nesayenzi kuti zvinogona kubatsira kwavari munguva yemberi upenyu hwemhuri: dzezvoupfumi, mumhanzi, rwokugadzira, kurukiswa, uye, chokwadi, kuverenga uye kunyora. Kudzidza kuchikoro akabhadhara. Uye nekuti vaAtene, kufanana slaveholders zvose, vakazvidza kushandira mari vanhu, uye vadzidzisi vanoremekedzwa munharaunda haana kushandisa. Shoko rokuti "chikoro" akanga chokuita mudzidzisi, uye nokudaro nzira murombo youpenyu iye akatungamirira. Kana kuti zvimwe munhu kwenguva refu nguva kunge vakaudza vasisina, shamwari dzake kuti ekupedzisira kana kufa, kana kuva mudzidzisi. Wenhamo Kuvapo kunyange akamubvumira kuti pachayo akanzwa.

The Vakomana chikoro kubva pamakore 7 zera uye nguva dzose pamwe mudzidzisi-nhapwa, kutarisira mwana uye akatakura zvinhu zvake chikoro. Chidzidzo chikuru chiri kunyora, kuverenga uye bhiri. It vagara nzvimbo yaigara shoko "chikoro".

Reading ndeyokudzidza nhetembo Homer kuti - ". Odyssey" "The rinonzi Iliad" uye Kuwedzera pakuwana mamwe ruzivo pamusoro jogirafi, mwana muenzaniso ushingi uye kushinga wemagamba anoita kurwisa matambudziko.

The inivhoyisi zvinooneka vaiva hurungudo uye chinokosha bhodhi pamwe segwapa pariri discharges nhamba: zviyero, makumi ezviuru, mazana.

Tsamba yokutanga avimbiswa pamusoro Boards yamatanda akafukidzwa wakisi, uye gare gare - pamapepa enhokwe. Akatangira ano werudzii mubato rakanga - inokosha simbi kana pfupa chimuti, Vakarodza pamugumo.

Cherechedzai rwakabhadharwa kuna mumhanzi chinhu chinokosha muupenyu Greek. mukomana ose vakadzidza kuimba uye kuridza nyere kana nembira.

Uyewo, vadzidzi nokushingaira kuita jimunasitikisi, anopa muviri kuwirirana, mukana wokushandiswa - Greece kwave hwakanaka rudzi inoda.

Kusiyana ano zvikoro (umo kwakabva shoko "chikoro" vanofarira chikamu chiduku vadzidzi) muzvikoro okupedzisira nguva vadzidzisi vanogona kuranga vana chokusateerera uye murombo zvedzidzo unongotaura. Kuti izvi zvidaro, paiva tsvimbo uye chamboko.

Kuchikoro yapera makirasi makore 16. Vana nevabereki vakapfuma vaigona kuramba dzidzo yavo imwe 2 years.

September 1 - Zuva Knowledge

Nhoroondo shoko "chikoro" nguva dzose chokuita musi September 1 - rimwe danho rinokosha pamwe akasungwa maruva, akasangana neshamwari, uye wokutanga runhare. Nei kusarudza yakawira nhasi kuti pakutanga kwegore? Kana Nezvekwakabva shoko "chikoro" Rinobatanidzwa muGirisi yekare, muvambi matsutso tsika ndiye Byzantium, umo September 1 kwakaratidza kutanga kwezvisikwa Mwari. Zviri izvi magumo chete nhamba yomunda basa, rave zvinobatanidzwa, uye vakuru nevaduku. Grand Prince Ivan III mukupera XV remakore, vakazivisa September 1 kutanga New Year (aka, Kutanga Indiction) uye chechi-hurumende yezororo. Gare gare, pasi murayiro Petra Velikogo, Gore Idzva akakurudzirwa zvose zvatinosiita January 1, uye chechi uye okurima karenda akasiya kuchinja nokuda basa panguva zvokurima yokukohwa.

mikova akazaruka munyika dzakadai Czech Republic, Ukraine, Belarus, kuBaltic States September 1 chikoro. In Germany uye Spain mudunhu rimwe nerimwe zvedzidzo gore kunoenderana nguva yokukohwa uye pakutanga kwete paya pane 1 October. In Italy, musi uyu ndipo pokutangira ari kutanga zvidzidzo. vana Danish kuenda kuchikoro mid-August, uye vokuBritain, vokuCanada uye vokuAmerica - the Chipiri Gunyana rokutanga. Mabviro ezwi rokuti "chikoro" inobatanidza zvose kunyika, kunyange Japan, mukuru kutumira chizvarwa chevechiduku kuwana zivo pamusoro 1 April.

Shoko rokuti "chikoro"

Mumutauro ano Russian shoko "chikoro" anopiwa kukosha kupfuura tiri kushandiswa. Saka, anoreva zvakafanana nokuti shoko "chikoro" unogona kunhonga, achiziva Zvatichangobva zvinoreva pasina nesimba. Ivo:

• Masangano edzidzo (nesekondari, chesekondari);
• kushandiswa zvikoro (mumhanzi, zvevana mitambo chikoro);
• yedzidzo yose;
• kudzidzisa, ruzivo uchisvibisa (philological chikoro, chikoro upenyu);
• socio-enyika, zvesayenzi uye unyanzvi mirayiridzo (Moscow mitauro School, School of Contemporary Art);
• kireshi yaikura zvinomera.

Pachishandiswa pamusoro tsanangudzo zvinokwanisika tonotora anoreva zvakafanana nokuti shoko "chikoro". Izvi - chikoro, kukoreji, chesekondari, chevana, Film School, njere chikoro, chikoro chebhodhingi, kugwinya, manyorerwo, mukirasi, uye vakawanda podkovannost mashoko mazhinji.

School: mudzi mudzi shoko

The Mudzi shoko "chikoro" ndiyo hwaro nomukaka izvi, "mudzidzi", "chikoro musikana", "chikoro", "shkolnichat" "wechikoro". Sezvineiwo, shoko "shkolnichat" zvinonzwisiswa se "messing", "mano", kureva kuti kutungamirira somunhu wechikoro. "Wechikoro" rinoreva mazano yaingowanikwa kumudzidzi, mwana. Yamboshandiswa shoko "nyanzvi", mune kururama kudavira, akakweretwa kubva mutauro Ukrainian uye sharuka nhasi. Kutaura zvazviri, ane Midzi Polish ( «szkolarz» - saka makanyorwa nokuda Poles). Kubva shoko "nyanzvi" pane nomukaka - "shkolyarstvo" uye "wechikoro", kukosha iyo mumutauro wokuUkraine ane zvose zvakanaka nezvakaipa pfungwa, uye anomira for:

• seboka kuti "nyanzvi";
• garai kuchikoro;
• kutevera chinyakare, kuomesa musoro mitemo, mapatani, kuzvidzivirira mudzidzi kwaiita chinhu.
• mboni Kusazvibata;
• kuzvidza wacho. Izvi zvinogona kuonekwa nemabasa vanyori mazhinji Russian.

Maererano dudziro kubudikidza Dahl, "shkolyarstvo" rinorondedzerwa so yakaoma uye patainzwa chibooreso uye pedantry, ichiramba achitevera kugamuchirwa, kazhinji penga uye zviduku mitemo.

Kwakabva shoko "chikoro" shanduro Ya Kamensky

Pane imwe shanduro Nezvekwakabva shoko "chikoro", chine abbreviations, izvo akazogadzira Czech mudzidzisi uye anofunga J. Kamensky (1562-1670). Akatanga imwe pfungwa yezvisikwa dzidzo mai rurimi, uye akamupa zita kubva kutanga mutsamba Mashoko, kushandurirwa mumutauro Russian rinonzwika akafanana "akachenjera pfungwa, paunhu chiito, akakwanisa kutaura."

History vamwe mashoko

Sezvakanga nhoroondo shoko "chikoro," akavhomora kuteererwa kwakabva chokuita nemashoko.

Portfolio. It ane French nemidzi uye ine zvikamu zviviri: a "pachiteshi" ( "kutakura") uye "fel" ( "pepa").

Notebook. Rinobva Greek "tetradion", izvo zvinoreva kuti "akapeta muzvikamu zvina." Iyi ndiyo nzira nevaGiriki vakaita kare, kemabhuku, stitching kuti zvivanakire 4 mashizha.

Vacation. Favorite shoko vadzidzi vose shanduro chaiwo kubva muchiLatin rinoreva "imbwa duku". Aripiko papi? "Vacation" (imbwa duku), vaRoma akadana nyeredzi Sirius, sezvo vakatenda - yokuvhimwa imbwa chokunyengera Orion. Paunoona mudenga Sirius muRoma kwakauya kwazvo zvezhizha akataura yokumbozorora makirasi zvose, uye yainzi "zororo."