Nenzvimbo mupi werutemo

Shoko rokuti "mupi werutemo" ane Latin mavambo: "determinatio" rinoreva "mashoko kutonhodza", "kuziva". Achishandisa shoko iri, sezvo mutemo, vari musimba pfungwa imwe vakatanga kutsanangura vamwe. Somuenzaniso, zviri axioms kuti varipo ari musoro yokuti, kuona goho yacho theorem no. Kana, somuenzaniso, vanokwanisa kuziva zvikonzero kuferefeta vachibuda pavo. Kubva panguva iyi maonero pane pedyo yomumba kutonhodza siyana justifications. Pane mhando dzakasiyana of Determinism: rakaoma, fungidziro, zvachose uye nevamwe.

nevafungi zhinji chimiro mumwe kana mumwe zvakamutsa mubvunzo pamusoro pokudzora kwezvakatipoteredza zvikonzero pamusoro mararamiro munzanga. Muchiitiko chino, mupi werutemo zvoruzivo ava kuchinja evanhu nouzivi kufunga pamusoro kuenzanisa zvakasikwa uye munzanga pose mupfungwa kudzidza migumisiro chaiyo zvinhu (kwakaita nzvimbo yacho, zviwanikwa, okunze uye zvimwe zvinhu) zvimwe mananara uye pezvakaitwa munharaunda (mamiriro enyika, kuita mauto, vagari kukura, etc.).

Kufungisisa kukosha zvakatipoteredza zvinhu, nevafungi vakasvika musoro kunyanyisa maviri. Mumwe wavo - zvokuimba nenzvimbo mupi werutemo. Maererano naye, mabasa ose evanhu kunokonzerwa chete wavo dzinongoitika zvinokukanganisa. The zvakanyanyisa rechipiri - zvachose tsika mupi werutemo. Muchiitiko chino, zvakanzi akasimbisa kuti maonero kwezvakatipoteredza yakadaro, uyewo kukosha kwayo kuti nzanga vakatsunga kungotaurwa netsika. Nokudaro, tsanangudzo kwebasa evanhu vanofanira kuva chete ongororo tsika. Zvisinei, izvi hazvina kufungwa kuti tsika mikana anotomirira dzinongoitika ezvinhu.

Geographical mupi werutemo rave richizivikanwa kubvira pakutanga yechipiri yezana remakore rechi19. Kumumvuri pfungwa yaiva dzidziso yaDarwin rwokuzvarwa vakasarudzwa. Geographical mupi werutemo panguva iyoyo akanga zvakajeka zvikuru wakarurama kubva nemaonero rwokuzvarwa nesayenzi. Mumwe zvinobatsira zvine chokuita dzidziso kukura iyi yaiva pfungwa ikoroji dzevanhu uye kuparadzira vanhu mundima. Mune ichi, vamwe vanyori kuona kutanga nesayenzi yemazuva - social ikoroji.

Geographical mupi werutemo akanga rinoparadzirwa uye aisimbisa kuburikidza Mechnikov dzidziso. Russian anofunga ari kwamagwaro inokosha zvinodavirwa muchitendero chake historiosophical pfungwa nyaya zvikurukuru kuongorora mubvunzo norusununguko yevanhu, sezvo akanga iye uyo zvaanofunga, anosarudza hunhu yebudiriro kwevanhu.

Pfungwa dzakawanda varehwa Mechnikov, mukuwirirana pfungwa Marx. Ekupedzisira vaiona kuti guru yava kumba munhu wakasvinura, pane dzinopisa bhandi uye zvakasikwa weboka basa inobva Kusiyanisa ivhu uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvakasikwa zvigadzirwa, pane Mhedziso kubereka munyika. Panguva iyoyowo, Marx aidavira kuti dzinongoitika ezvinhu inongova mukana, pane anopiwa pachisara, pane pakusika pachavo. Saka, maererano Marx kwakaita pfungwa dzinongoerekana ezvinhu vakasonganira maindasitiri kugadzira, uye matambudziko aya ezvinhu nezvebasa vanhu kuonekwa kuburikidza prism zviri kugadzirwa kwacho.

Tichidzokera dzidziso Mechnikov historiosophical, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti anofunga anoonekwa rwizi rukuru chinhu chikuru chiri kubuda ari deterministic chaizvo uye pakuzadzisa yebudiriro. Anofunga akanyora kuti dzakasiyana vakava misiyano simba nokuda voga kubva mumwe.

Kuburikidza kuenzaniswa Kuongorora tsika East yekare uye West, Mechnikov vakagumisa kuti West ndiye mukuru muzvinhu zvose East. Izvi, maererano anofunga, kwaiva kuchikonzerwa nenzvimbo zvakanakira kumadokero ndima.