Ndiani Talaat Pasha uye ndiani vakamuuraya?

aiva Talaat Pasha Ndiani? Saka zita rake rizere - Talaat Pasha, uye kuti Turkish enyika, akasiya yakajeka aitodada munhoroondo yenyika.

Biography

Nzvimbo yechizvarirwo menyika mushumiri hweOttoman Empire muna 1874, vari rundown dzematunhu taundi Kardzhali (Edirne), iri parizvino vari Kardzhali Province Bulgaria. Talat Pasha akaberekerwa mumhuri atamanskogo muchiuto mutungamiri (the dzendege). In kwayakatangira Talaat Pasha aiva Pomaks. Pomaks - a Bulgarian rechitendero boka mutauro yokuita Islam. Pazvese, ivo Pomaks vakanga kusanganiswa boka mavambo. Pasha akanga atendeukira Islam achiri muduku, kuti kwira upward muna hweTurkey.

Interesting chokwadi: Talaat Pasha akanga ganda kwasviba, nokuti kuti unowanzonzi yechiGypsy.

The ramangwana enyika sekondari muna Edirne. Zvino akatanga kuvaka basa rake. Sezvo chikazozikamwa, nhamba iyi munguva upenyu hwake hupfupi, kureba makore 47, aifanira kuratidza pachavo mumaindasitiri zhinji somushandi. Zvisinei iye akakwanisa kutora zvinzvimbo muhurumende, nokuda kwavo vanachandagwinyira yezvavaidavira uye mhosva basa chokuita vokuArmenia uye kuparadzwa kwavo nokukurumidza, Talaat vakaurayirwa chigaro. Nokuda enyika maitiro ake vawirwa vaiva mamiriyoni 1-1.5.

Early basa Pasha

The akakurumbira enyika Talaat Pasha akatanga basa rake kubva chinzvimbo mabharani mune teregirafu kuhofisi. Asi nokufamba kwenguva, akava kufarira basa zvematongerwo enyika. Vachiri mabharani muhofisi, Pasha uyewo achishingaira akarwa muchivadzvinyirira abdulgamidoaskoy, uye akasarudza kuva nhengo Young Zimbabwe Turk kufamba. Zvisinei, kune pakunzwisisa zvakadzama wenyaya, zvakakodzera kutsanangura zvakaitwa Young Zimbabwe Turk kufamba uye zvaakanga anazvo chinangwa.

Young Zimbabwe Turk mufambo

Nokudaro, Young Zimbabwe Turk kufamba (nhengo sangano iri anowanzonzi "vokuTurkey Young") - sangano enyika muna hweTurkey, akatanga kuvapo kwayo muna 1876. Chinangwa chaiva kuita zvimwe zvinhu munyika uye pave zvakananga yepamutemo polity. Chaizvoizvo kuzadzika Young Zimbabwe Turk sangano kunokosha chaizvo, nokuti vokuTurkey Young vakakwanisa kungaparadza Abdul Hamid 2 uye mubatirire zvinoverengeka chaiwo zvinhu. Zvisinei, zvinokosha kuziva kuti simba iri mumaoko rezvematongerwe enyika haana kugara kwenguva refu kudaro. Zvechokwadi, pashure kuwa Turkey muHondo Yenyika I, vokuTurkey Young akanga asisina masimba ose pamusoro hurumende.

Young Pasha aiva kuchitsigira echimurenga, akasungwa uye akapiwa chirango enyika mhosva: namaviri mutorongo. Zvisinei, pashure kusungwa uye mutongo Mehmed akaramba kushanda, asi kutanga akashanda sekamwana positimeni. Asi pashure 1908, apo zvematongerwo mamiriro ezvinhu munyika yachinja zvachose (mushure Young Zimbabwe Turk yechimurenga 1908), Talaat Pasha akasarudzwa kuti paramende.

Aiva nhengo yebato "Union uye Progress", iro rinomirira misha yacho Sultan.

Gurukota Affairs Internal

Kwete nguva yakawanda yakapfuura kare 1909 ne Mehmed Pasha akapiwa chinzvimbo chepamusoro muhurumende, kureva pambiru mukati mushumiri hweOttoman Empire. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti muna 1909 Mehmed anova mumwe zvikuru vanhu hweOttoman Empire. Uye matora pambiru, nationalist anotora wakakura zvikuru matanho pamusoro dzemadzinza vashoma, uye kunyanya kuoneka chokuita Armenian rudzi, izvo kubudikidza sezvakarayirwa Pasha aigara kuparadzwa. Enyika hweOttoman Empire kamwe akanyora netsamba dzake kuti aiva nehanya chaizvo kuti Armenian rudzi Ndaiswedera yakazvimirira mamiriro.

Pashure pokugamuchira pambiru Pasha kushandisa kuti sangano kumanikidzwa "Turkishizing" chirongwa ndiro Pfungwa basa, nokuisa pfungwa pani-Turkism. Pan-Turkism - enyika uye zvetsika sangano unosanganisira pfungwa kudiwa nenzvimbo pakati Turkic pemarudzi, kwakavakirwa zvetsika, dzinza uye mitauro mitemo avanhu ava. Nationalist Talat Pasha akafunga kuti vokuArmenia - iri chipingamupinyi guru kuna Turkized vemo. Saka akasarudza kuti nzira yakanakisisa kunze - kubvisa pakati vokuArmenia. Akanga nechokwadi kuti vokuArmenia zviitwe kure zvachose.

Gurukota Affairs Internal chokupedzisira danho iri pamanera Mehmeda Talaat Pasha, nekuti akanga auraya.

Chikonzero chikuru kuti kupondwa gurukota Affairs Internal. Armenian kuurayiwa

Sezvo nyaya anoenda, muna 1915, Talaat Pasha anopa kugadzwa pachigaro kuparadzwa pakati Armenian vakawanda panyika yose hweOttoman Empire. Iyewo akatanga chirongwa umo vokuArmenia zhinji vakaendeswa murenje, apo varombo vanhu vari kufa nenzara nenyota uye. Uye dzimwe nguva vanova vanonetswa mumwe evapambi utsinye, uyo, kwete achida kuvauraya. Muna June chimwe chete muna 1915 iye akapiwa kuti zvachose vose vokuArmenia vaigara kumabvazuva chikamu hweOttoman Empire, vaifanira kuutapwa mugwenga.

Chirongwa chaiva sezvinotevera: mushure Armenian yaiurayiwa nokuwanda munyika kwaisafanira zvinopfuura 10 muzana vaMuslim vemo.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti Armenian Kuurayiwa kwakaitika mumatanho akawanda:

1. Zvombo ari Armenian musoja.
2. Kusarudza pokubudiswa munyika vokuArmenia.
3. Kuitwa mutemo rokudzinga navo.
4. The vakawanda munyika yose vokuArmenia.
5. The uremu kuparadzwa pakati Armenian vemo.

Zvisinei, chikuru akakonzera zvakaoma kwevanhu haisi chete Talaat. Huru varongi vanoonekwa kuti vatungamiriri kufamba "vokuTurkey Young" Enver Pasha, Talat Pasha uye Cemal Pasha.

Enver uye Cemal Pasha

Enver yainotaura kubva Istanbul. Akaberekwa muna 1881 mumhuri zvake mushandi pechiteshi. Mhuri chaizvo yakakura, iine vana vashanu. Enver aiva wedangwe. Kubvira pauduku, aiziva aida kuva murwi, uye jaya akaenda kuchikoro zvechiuto. Akabva kudzidza kubva Academy pamwe pachinzvimbo chevatatu mukuru. Asi nokufamba kwenguva, uye akagamuchira chinzvimbo Major.

Enver ndokubereka mumwe nhengo muchiuto kufamba "Kumusha uye Freedom".

Enver Pasha vachishingaira chikamu hondo dzakawanda, dzakadai Italo-Turkish War, muBalkan Hondo uye Hondo Yenyika First.

Akanga imwe nezvavasingadi kune vaGiriki vokuArmenia muna hweTurkey, vaizviti chiKristu. Naizvozvo, akava kushingaira pakuita yaiurayiwa vanhu izvi.

Djemal Pasha akaberekwa muna 1872 muna Mytilene, mune chiremba mhuri rechiuto. Akadzidziswa ari chikoro rechiuto, uye ipapo - at uto chikoro. Zvakanga sezvo Jamal, Talaat, kushingaira nhengo kufamba "Kubatana uye Progress". Iyewo vaiitawo muhondo zhinji, uye aiva enyika ndeuke hweOttoman Empire.

MARARAMIRO vokuArmenia kuurayiwa

Sezvo iri kare anozivikanwa, panguva hweOttoman Empire, simba rose rakanga kusimbiswa mumaoko Young vokuTurkey, vane kusada kuti vokuArmenia nevaGiriki. Uye chikonzero ndechokuti vanhu ava vaizviti chiKristu. Asi chiito rudzi rwakanga kuitwa vamiririri Vechiduku vokuTurkey, kwete chete nokuda sadism dzavo uye utsinye. Sezvingatarisirwa, kwaiva nevamwe zvikonzero uye ezvinhu izvi zvinotyisa zviitiko.

Nyaya ndeyokuti vokuArmenia aigara hweTurkey kwemazana emakore akawanda. Vakavaka guru muumambo hwacho hwenyika. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti vokuArmenia kwagara rusarura nemhaka yechitendero chavo.

Zvisinei, chikonzero chaicho iri chokwadi chokuti vokuArmenia pakupera kwezana remakore rechi19 vakatanga kuronga clandestine sangano ane chinangwa chaiva kusika yakazvimirira Armenian mamiriro munharaunda hweOttoman Empire. Hurumende Chokwadi, vakanga vasina kufanana vaya sangano. Saka vakatora wakakura zvikuru matanho kurutivi Armenian vanhu, achitya kuti vokuArmenia zvakashandisa simba.

Talaat Pasha afa

On March 15 muguta wokuGermany Berlin akapfurwa mukati mushumiri hweOttoman Empire, Talaat Pasha pazera makore 47. Zvapupu vanoti kuti kwaiva kuine zuva uye Pasha akafamba pasi mukoto, uye musangano aiva murume isingazivikanwi uyo pakarepo vanogumurwa panguva gurukota Affairs Internal. Asi ndiani akauraya Talat Pasha? Nyaya anoenda kuti wezvematongerwe enyika hweOttoman Empire, akaurayiwa sechikamu Operation "Nemesis" kuti anoranga vaishungurudza ari Armenian kwevanhu. Uye panguva nhamba 1 pachikwata kuti kuurayiwa vakamira chaizvo zita Talaat Pasha. Kupondwa Mehmed haana kushamisa guru, nekuti panguva iyoyo mumwe nomumwe akaronga hwokuuraya vokuArmenia vakatanga kuuraya mhosva nyaya yavo. Uye Mehmet aiva zvakananga murongi uye inspirer pamusoro Armenian kwevanhu.

kuuraya

Sezvo Talaat Pasha, uye akaurayiwa?

Interior Gurukota hweOttoman Empire 15 March 1921 muBerlin, akapfura Soghomon Tayleryan. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti pakupedzisira muurayi Pasha akawira pfupi mudare German.

Soghomon Tayleryan akaberekwa mumusha Nerkin-Baqarah, yaiva pamusoro kumucheto hweOttoman Empire. Akanga Armenian, uye chete akapona mhuri yake. hama dzavo dzose Soghomon vakarasika pamusana Armenian Kuurayiwa, iyo inotungamirirwa yacho nationalist Talat Pasha. The muurayi akaita kutsvaka kushanda "Nemesis" vatsivire mhuri yake, izvo rakaparadzwa zvachose mune utsinye kwevanhu.

kechitendero dönmeh

Sezvo nyaya anoenda, Talaat Pasha - muJudha kubva dönmeh kechitendero. Asi chii mhando kapoka? Uye sei akaita sei njodzi Mehmed?

Dönmeh - a kabbalistic kapoka, yakavambwa shure muna 1683. Sezvo chikazozikamwa, kapoka kechitendero vakatanga kutsigira Young Zimbabwe Turk sangano, saka Talat Pasha akava nhengo. Zvinozivikanwa kuti dzose nguva Madzishe kuvapo yeboka akatungamirira indoor mararamiro, saka iye vaifamba zvishoma nezvishoma akapoteredza siyana makuhwa uye kufungidzira. Zvisinei, muzana remakore rechi20 rave chinozoiswa munyika vepamusoro uye vakava asununguke. Zvino, muna Turkey richirimo Zvisinei, nhamba nhengo dzayo haisi guru: chete 2 500 vanhu.