Mumweya zvakafanana: dzemaitirwe fomura

In tsika, kazhinji vasangana dambudziko kuwana kurwisa kwakaita conductors uye resistors nedzimwe nzira maererano. Nyaya inorondedzera sei kurwisa rinowanikwa chete yakafanana kubatana kwakaita conductors nevamwe michina nyaya.

kondakita musimbwa

conductors All vanowanzotevedzera kudzivisa aibuda Magetsi, kunonzi magetsi nemishonga R, uye unotaurwa ohms. Izvi zvinokosha pfuma conductive zvinhu.

Kuti tirambe zvemagetsi resistivity Masvomhu zvinoshanda - ρ Ohm · m / mm ^2. nesimbi All - conductors zvakanaka, mukuru kushanda vakagamuchira mhangura uye aruminiyamu, zviri zvikuru kashoma kushandisa simbi. The yakanakisisa kondakita - sirivha, rinoshandiswa mune zvemagetsi uye Electronics indasitiri. Kwakapararira alloys rurefu nemishonga ukoshi.

Kana pakuverenga ari kurwisa kushandisa kuzivikanwa kubva chikoro wefizikisi kosi fomura:

R = ρ · l / S, S - sectional nzvimbo; k - kureba.

Kana isu kutora conductors mbiri, kurwisa yavo zvakafanana zvichava zvishoma nokuda kuwedzera nhamba chikamu.

The kuitika arambe achirema uye kudziyisa kondakita

For hunobatsira kukarukureta modes pamusoro conductors pfungwa rinoshanda iyezvino arambe achirema - δ A / mm ^2, izvozvo rinowanikwa nokuda fomura:

δ = I / S, I - ano, S - chikamu.

Current kupfuura kuburikidza waya rinopisa izvozvo. The yepamusoro δ, chikuru muitisi iri kushata. For waya uye netambo zvakagadzirirwa zvinobvumidzwa arambe achirema mitemo, izvo kunyorwa ari SAE (magetsi Codes). ine mitemo ayo magetsi arambe achirema kuti muitisi yacho kudziyisa mano.

Kana pamusoro zvinobvumidzwa arambe achirema δ anogona kuitika kondakita kuparadzwa, semuenzaniso, kana kuti overheating nayo akaparadzwa waya kuputira.

Kukarukureta mitemo yacho. kubudisa conductors pamusoro kudziyisa.

Nzira conductors

Chero kondakita zvakawanda nyore mune mazano kutotaura magetsi nemishonga R, ipapo vari nyore kuverenga uye ongorora. Kune zvitatu chete unobva nzira resistances. nzira rokutanga nyore - Serial kubatana.

Mufananidzo rinoratidza kuti yose nemishonga iri: R = R ₁ + R ₂ + R _3.

nzira yechipiri zvakawanda kuoma - yakafanana papi. Kukarukureta of mumweya yakafanana kubatana rinoitwa nezvishoma. Akaverenga zvachose conductivity G = 1 / R, ipapo zvachose nemishonga R = 1 / G.

Uye dai mberi zvakasiyana, tanga compute yose kurwisa panguva yakafanana kubatana pakati resistors R1 uye R2, vadzokorora pokuvhiyiwa, uye kuwana R.

The nzira yechitatu iri mukomboni yakaomesesa - yakavhenganiswa remubatanidzwa i.e. pane zvose vaiona nzira. The zano unoratidzwa mufananidzo.

Nokuti kukarukureta ichi chinofanira nyore majana, izvi anotsiviwa resistors R2 uye R3 mumwe R2,3. Dunhu Simple inotengwa.

Zvino tinogona ngaaverenge kurwisa kwakaita yakafanana kubatana, iyo nzira iyo iri:

R2,3,4 = R2,3 · R4 / (R2,3 + R4).

Driving kunova kunyange nyore, pane resistors ane Serial kubatana. In zvakawanda ezvinhu akaoma, shandisa chete kutendeuka nzira.

marudzi conductors

In electronic zvokushandisa, iri kugadzirwa akadhindwa redunhu mapuranga, ivo conductors zvinomiririra matete micheka emhangura foil. Nokuda duku kureba kurwisa vane zvishoma navo vakawanda vanogona kuregeredzwa. For conductors ava zvakafanana kubatana nemishonga ipfupi nokuda vawedzere pamuchinjikwa-chikamu.

chikamu A chikuru conductors vari ichitenderera waya. Ivo anobudiswa ne diameters zvakasiyana - kubva 0.02 kusvika 5.6 millimeters. Nokuti mukuru-simba transformers uye Motors anogadzirwa mhangura shank pamusoro rectangular muchinjikwa muchikamu. Dzimwe nguva yokugadzirisa guru dhayamita waya kuchatsiviwa akawanda kufanana duku zvakabatana.

Chikamu chinokosha conductors ndivo waya uye netambo, kuti indasitiri zvinopa widest siyana pezvitsiga zvakasiyana-siyana zvinodiwa. Kazhinji zvakakosha kuti kutsiva mumwe waya kupinda dzakawanda chikamu duku. Zvikonzero izvi akasiyana chaizvo, Somuenzaniso, waya muchinjikwa-Chikamu 240 mm ² zvakaoma kuisa mumugwagwa pamwe mawere Bends. Ake kutsiviwa 2 × 120 mm ^2, uye dambudziko iri kugadziriswa.

Kukarukureta nokuti kudziyisa waya

Muitisi iri neshungu nokuda inoyerera kuitika kana kutonhora kwayo akapfuudza zvinobvumidzwa, kuparadzwa kuputira kunoitika. SAE kukarukureta inopa conductors kuti kudziyisa, mbishi Data nokuti zvingava magetsi uye kwezvakatipoteredza ezvinhu umo muitisi yaitwa. Kubva date izvi kubva vakasarudzwa mabwendefa SAE rakarumbidza kondakita chikamu (waya kana netambo).

In tsika, pane mamiriro ezvinhu apo mutoro nokuita pamusoro waya zvikurusa. Pane nzira mbiri - kutsiva waya Ukuwo, zviri zvinodhura, kana zvakafanana kwairi kuisa mumwe kutura huru waya. Panyaya iyi, muitisi kuramba ari kufanana kubatana ipfupi, saka anowira exotherm.

Kusarudza chikamu rworudyi rechipiri waya, shandisa tafura EMP, zvinokosha kuti kururama pamwechete tsanangudzo yacho uchishandisa ano. Pakadaro, ari waya kutonhora achava kunyange nani pane kuti munhu. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti ngaaverenge kurwisa kwakaita yakafanana kubatana pakati netambo mbiri, kuti zviri nani kutsanangura kupisa yavo.

Kukarukureta pamusoro conductors pamusoro voltage kurasikirwa

Kana nzvimbo yacho mutengi R _N nechokure L kubva simba nerubatsiro U ₁ kunoitika nekaupenyu guru voltage donhwe pamutsetse waya. K R _N nevatengi anogamuchira voltage U ₂ U yekudyidzana pazasi kwokutanga _mumwe. Sokuti mutoro anoita zvakasiyana magetsi chokuita anorwonzi muruoko zvakafanana.

Kuti vagadzirise dambudziko zvibereko nemishonga kukarukureta mu zvakafanana kubatana vose midziyo, saka mutoro nemishonga R ndiye _n. Uyezve, vanofanira ndeakaita nemishonga mutsetse waya.

_L R = ρ · 2L / S,

Pano, S - waya mutsetse chikamu, mm ^2.

Chaitevera ano akatsunga: I = U ₁ / (R _L + R _m). Zvino, achiziva magetsi kusarudza voltage donhwe pamutsetse waya: U = I · R _L. Riri munzvimbo yaro chikamu U _1.

U% = (I · R _L / U ₁₎ · 100%

Varumbidzwa ukoshi U% - hapana anopfuura 15%. The kupiwa Masvomhu kushandiswawo chero mhando ano.