Mineral pfuma Vologda nharaunda. Natural ezvinhu uye pfuma, nzvimbo yacho Vologda nharaunda

The chikuru zviri nzvimbo of Vologda dunhu - a sandara AZHUTHA uye wetlands. A siyana dzinongoitika ezvinhu uye pfuma nedunhu vakabvumira vatsvakurudzi kusiyanisa pano nezvemarudzi 33 akasiyana nharaunda. Chakadaro nzvimbo zviduku rakanyatsojeka vanoremekedzwa mufananidzo!

Munyaya ino tichakurukura nzvimbo yacho okunze, kwakaita nzvimbo yacho, ivhu, mvura. Ndezvipi zvicherwa mined muna Vologda mudunhu? Mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu unogona kuwana pano.

General Geography of Vologda nharaunda: nemiganhu uye Sizes

Vologda dunhu - imwe nharaunda iri kuchamhembe European chikamu Russia. nzvimbo Its zvachose ndiko 145 zviuru mativi makiromita. Vologda nharaunda elongated mu sublatitudinal divi (kubva kumavirira kusvikira kumabvazuva) ne anenge 700 makiromita.

Zororo kunyanya yakaderera-nhema, pane madhamu akawanda uye marshlands. Okunze unozvidzora Continental, pamwe zvakarurama refu dzechando uye pfupi yechirimo. Forest akafukidza zvakakwana guru chikamu Vologda nharaunda (anenge 75-80%). More uchida ezvinhu uye zviwanikwa zviri munharaunda chichakurukurwa dzinotevera zvikamu.

Administrative Vologda nharaunda rakakamurwa 26 matunhu neminisiparati maruwa maviri dzomumaguta nemaruwa. Munzvimbo mune zvinetso zvikuru munzanga dzakawanda. Chokutanga ndiro kushayikwa zvakanaka pfungwa remunharaunda mutemo: anenge ose mari uye upfumi basa nechinangwa chete panguva vaviri paguta Vologda dunhu - Cherepovets uye Vologda. The zororo (peripheral) nzvimbo kutambura kubva socio-mune zvoupfumi uye wevanotungamirira kudzikisirana. Chechipiri, nharaunda ine panzvimbo yakaderera azvipire mushonga uye dzidzo.

Kunyanya zvokuyamura nharaunda

Orographically nehanya Vologda nharaunda iri chikamu yakakura East European Plain. Figure yekwataigara kwakaita nzvimbo yacho - ndiko dzakatevedzana marshes, zvikomo diki uye yakaderera anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri. Mitoo glacial rokuyamura zvakare Kazhinji. Avhareji kukwira ndiyo 150-200 mamita. Kwazvo rwezasi-kumabvazuva nharaunda iri nemumakomo anokwira chikomo Northern Uvaly.

Zviri pamusoro munharaunda Vologda nharaunda iri Watershed matatu makuru abudise nembiya - Atlantic Ocean, kweArctic Ocean uye kweGungwa reCaspian.

Geologically nzvimbo iri pamusoro Precambrian papuratifomu akwegura kwazvo. Asi pano zvinonzi nemutemo gobvu akaturikidzana kuti moraine-mhando deposits. Izvi Geological chinhu anotsanangura kukosha reserves vasiri esimbi chicherwa pfuma iri Vologda mudunhu. Sand nevhu zvinowanikwa kwese pano.

Zvikuru wakajeka uye zvinofadza muna Belozerskaya muhomba. rokuyamura Chimiro rakaumbwa kudaro kare - munguva wekupedzisira glaciation (anenge zviuru 12-15 apfuura). Mukati muhomba dungwerungwe madziva akanaka uye zvakasikwa reserves.

okunze

The dzinotaurwa Vologda dunhu - unozvidzora Continental. Uye Continental Climate kunowedzera kukwidziridzwa kumabvazuva. The chando-isina nguva, pakanga mazuva 190-210. Mwando zvinoderedza kubva kumavirira kusvikira kumabvazuva nharaunda.

Nharaunda iri inozivikanwa ayo akanaka chando chakanyanyisa. Zvechokwadi, chando pano anogona zvikaramba kusvika 160 mazuva. Anotanga kuoneka pakutanga November, uye rinoparadzwa zvachose yechipiri yezana April.

In nokurohwa advantageously nechokumadokero uye kuchamhembe mhepo. Chimbichimbi okunze nokufamba gore harioneki pagore. Yechando Mwaka iri zvakaenzanirana refu uye kuchitonhora (paavhareji January tembiricha - kubva -10 kusvika -14 madhigirii). Summer ipfupi, kuchinaya uye muchitonhorera. Maiva muna inodziya mwaka anowira pamusoro 70% kubva pagore kunayisa. mwaka Transitional muna Vologda nharaunda isina chaizvo kududzwa.

Maererano emunharaunda kusiyana, kumadokero chikamu nharaunda anotambura kakawanda uye kungoerekana kuchinja ekunze, izvo zvinokonzerwa nguva dzose kuchinja mhepo zvavo. Summer kunoperekedzwa pano kugara pfunha kuti zvinobva Atlantic Ocean. Yokufamba uye Tourism muna Vologda nharaunda mwedzi kupfuura akakodzera August. Kunyange zvazvo panopera muzhizha pangava kare kuva wokutanga frosts usiku.

Water pfuma yacho; nzizi uye madhamu

Mundima Vologda nharaunda akapfuma munzizi yakadzika uye vakawanda madhamu. Kudeuka mvura arteries vomunzvimbo - rwizi Sheksna, Mologa uye Andoma River kumadokero, Unzha Kostroma uye kumaodzanyemba. Center uye kumabvazuva chikamu nharaunda ndezvaJehovha bheseni pakati Northern Dvina River uye ayo vabati vechibharo zvikuru.

River Vologda dunhu - pachena mhando, pamwe paupamhi mumipata uye mafashamo mapani. Channel kuoma vakawanda jecha shoals uye zvitsuwa zviduku. Kuerera nomunzizi vainyanya chechetere. The chete Kunze ndiko Sukhona kunobva Kubensky mudhamu.

Zviya, hombe muchinangwa murau mvura hurumende rwizi Vologda kuridza yomunharaunda mudhamu. Pamusana kwavari, mune dzakawanda Nzizi zvinoderedza padanho kwematsutso nemafashamo. Vose, nharaunda ine madhamu hapana asingasviki zviuru zvina. Remasangano pavo - chena, Kubenskoe, Onega, Vozha. Uyewo ari munharaunda pane gungwa guru. About 12% of waterlogged. wetlands Most vari kusimbiswa kumadokero nzvimbo mwando.

Zvakawanda makungwa, munhu gobvu richikurukura nzizi uye migero akatara kukura munharaunda mvura Tourism Russia. Canoeing uye Rafting dzakakurumbira chaizvo. Munharaunda kare yakatanga dzakawanda mvura yenzira kunosiyana kuoma. Kushambira huru madhamu ari yacht uye chaienda regattas.

Ivhu uye Flora

Wevhu of Vologda nharaunda iri kuchamhembe raimiririra podzolic, pevhu-podzolic - kumaodzanyemba. Uyewo zvakajairika murove nevhu (ari wetlands yacho).

Flora yacho rose ndizvo dzinongoitika boreal dondo. Vazhinji mumasango - coniferous idzodzo, acho kushanda kuti spruce. The inonyanya kufarirwa muti marudzi pano: Siberian spruce, zvomusiperesi European, nemipaini, larch, Sukachev, Siberian yemisipiresi uye nevamwe. Vanonzi masango yechipiri yakatangwa pamusoro nzvimbo huru dzinotambudza kutema miti, kazhinji inoumbwa Deciduous mhando - Birch, Aspen, alder. In kumadokero Vologda nharaunda pane Masango nemiouki, dota uye mumeporo.

Vemo dzinongoitika nharaunda uye zvinhu zvipenyu vanodzivirirwa mune National Park "Russian North", uyewo mukati vamwe vakadzivirira zvinhu (zvose pasango 188).

Mineral pfuma Vologda nharaunda: Fuel Resources

To mupopotedzane chicherwa zvinhu zvinosanganisira mafuta uye gasi, peat, mafuta shale nezvimwe zvicherwa zvinhu, iyo vanowana simba ravo. Kare 60s remakore rapfuura iri mundima Vologda nharaunda, nhatu zvinogona mafuta uye gasi kubereka nzvimbo yakawanikwa. Kushanda pakarepo kutsvaka minda mafuta uye gasi akaramba pakati pezana 90s. Panguva iyoyo, tinoramba Geological kuongorora, uyewo dzinoongororwa tarisiro maindasitiri kukura mafuta uye gasi munzvimbo.

Extraction zvimwe mafuta zvinhu yagara paaivatambudza mabhizimisi akawanda. zvekuvaka ichi - peat. In Vologda akawana deposits anopfuura 2,000. Total matura omunzvimbo deposits vanosvika matani mamiriyoni 5.5. Deposits ose peat vari vakapararira zvinenge zvose pamusoro nharaunda, kunyange wevasungwa ndizvo kuti kumadokero uye kumaodzanyemba-vokumadokero kumatunhu. A chidukuduku chikamu peat mined munzvimbo inoshandiswa sechinhu simba sehuni. uremu Its chikuru rinoshandiswa kuti kurima. Peat, sezvo chikazozikamwa, rinoshandiswa sechiratidzo fetiraiza, uyewo zvekufuga zvipfuwo.

zvokuvakisa

Mineral pfuma Vologda nharaunda haringorevi mafuta chicherwa mari. Nharaunda iri kushingaira mined kupfuura siyana zvokuvakisa: .. Dolomite, reraimu, marl, etc. dzinoita zvose izvi anoshandiswa mukugadzira zvinhu zvakasiyana. Kupfuura vakakurumbira reraimu dhipoziti - Top Volsk. Inobereka gore negore kusvika 100 zviuru matani mbishi zvinhu.

Muna Vologda nharaunda ari kushingaira dzakabudirira jecha uye ivhu. The deposits pakukura jecha uye mavhu: Abakanovskoe, Berezovsky Prisheksninskoe, Komelovskoe nevamwe. Nharaunda yacho zvikaramba refractory, pasi-utsotso uye coloring ivhu.

Achivimbisa kuti kukura chicherwa pfuma nharaunda

Kunze mafuta uye gasi, pane dzimwe achivimbisa kuti kukura chicherwa pfuma yamarudzi Vologda nharaunda. Ichi goridhe, bauxite uye mangoda.

Saka, kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva chikamu nharaunda iri Ilezskaya nharaunda, iyo anonzi vaizotibata yokutsvaka nedhaimani deposits. CJSC "Vologdageologorazvedka" uye "Kraton" ichiitwa kwazvo kuongorora basa pano uye akawana anonzi mutopota kuputika. Ivowo, ari zvicherwa, vari satellites kuti mangoda dzawanikwa.

Chimwe vaizotibata mwe zvokushandisa pakugadzira nharaunda iyi - ndarama. Kare 80 Vanodzidza dzinoti goridhe mineralization vemo nzizi Vaga uye Kubeny. Uye kare muna 1994, yakanga vakawana kuti placer goridhe kunoitika panenge mundima Vologda nharaunda.

The Vagari muguta uye

Vologda nharaunda ichaongororwa kwazvo Russian mudunhu Russia. The chikamu Russian mune madzinza Kuronga ndimo anenge 97%, izvo zvinyorwa kwakakwana nokuda nyika. Kuwedzera ethnos Russian, ndiko kumusha Veps - zvemo vanhu Finno-Ugric mavambo.

Over 70% kubva Vologda vanogara mumaguta nzvimbo. Nharaunda ine maguta 15. Asi chete vaviri, vagari kwazvo vanhu 100 zviuru.

All weguta Vologda nharaunda dziri pasi apa:

• Vologda.
• Cherepovets.
• Babayev.
• Vytegra.
• Totma.
• Ustyug Great.
• Gryazovets.
• Sokol.
• Kadnikov.
• Kirillov.
• Krasavino.
• Ustyuzhna.
• Nikolsk.
• Kharovsk.
• Belozersky.

Vologda - the "guta" iri nharaunda

City St. Petersburg - ndicho yaiona, asiwo tsika pakati Vologda nharaunda kwete chete. Sezvineiwo, ichi hachisi kusanganiswa Vagari muguta mudunhu rino. Saka, muna Cherepovets vagari kuburikidza vanenge zviuru zvinomwe zvakawanda.

Vologda - guta rekare. Panotanga kutaurwa nawo yaMakoronike yakatanga kusvika 1147. In Vologda akaratidza uye akatorwa pasi hurumende kudzivirirwa 224 shongwe ine mapurani, tsika uye Antiquities.

Zvezvisarudzo rakakurumbira uye takashanyira zvikuru zvinokwezva guta - Vologda Kremlin, St. Sophia Cathedral ane kuona chikuva pamusoro peshongwe, Kazan Church, Stone Bridge. Munhoroondo chikamu Vologda akaramba chaizvo yakasiyana uye akanaka kwazvo Zvivako emapuranga mapurani. A yorudzii chiratidzo veguta vakatanga Vologda ruomba Vologda resi.

mhedziso

Vologda nharaunda iri kuchamhembe iri European chikamu Russia. Okunze unozvidzora Continental. nzvimbo iyi kunoratidzwa refu chando chakanyanyisa uye pfupi zhizha kuchinaya. The chivezwa kwenzvimbo iri kunyanya sandara, mune dzimwe nzvimbo rakaoma nokuda yakaderera anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri uye zvikomo.

Muna Vologda nharaunda pane gobvu richikurukura nzizi nehova. Nharaunda ine madhamu akawanda uye anezvimiti. Chisango nzvimbo iri pamusoro 75%.

Mineral pfuma Vologda nharaunda, vari mukuru maindasitiri kukosha kuti nharaunda - a peat, ivhu, munyu, uye akapfuma zvokuvakisa. Kumabvazuva mumaruwa nedunhu rakawanikwa deposits pakati mangoda.