Mhuka dzvene Ancient Egypt. Kunamata yenzombe, mhou, katsi, mongoose, Falcon

VaIjipiti vekare vaidavira kuti vanamwari, akazvitorera chimiro zvemhuka dzakasiyana-siyana kuti zvinovakomberedza munyika ino uye, nokudaro, kukanganisa upenyu hwevanhu. Naizvozvo, chakavanzika mhuka yekare Egipita, pakarongwa kuti zvinosanganisira nzombe, mhou, katsi, makarwe, uye zvakasiyana-siyana shiri uye kunyange tumbuyu, vakava vachinamatwa. Ivo akarambidzwa kuvhima, uye kutyora mutemo uyu akarangwa pamusoro ndima pamwe kupondwa munhu. The chete Kusara chibayiro tsika uye nyaya avo apo zimukadzimu rouMwari vakatanga kuwanda nokukurumidza kuitira kuti nhamba dzavo wakabvunzwa ngozi vanhu.

Sacred nzombe mutemberi uye muminda

Sezvo makarekare vagari Nile taipiwa kunyanya nokuda zvokurima nezvibereko (wepagore mafashamo erwizi vakasika izvi zvinhu zvakafanira), ipapo munda basa vaisagona kuita pasina dzechokwadi muchiuto simba, ane mabasa akaita nzombe. Saka, basa kuti airidza muupenyu rudzi rwose, akapiwa mumwe chikuru nzvimbo pakati dzimwe anonamatwa vamiririri mhuka nyika.

Chinonyanya vairemekedza mhuka dzvene Ancient Egypt - nzombe ainzi APIs aigara akasarudzwa vapristi mazana nedzimwe mhuka. chitendero chake chakanga zvikuru kuti akasarudzwa anotora nzvimbo mutemberi Ptah mwari wokubereka, uyo akanga ari Memphis. Pane muimbi zvinozoitika muupenyu akararama nenyasha kubvuma chinosimudzwa iye anokudza, izvo, zvisinei, regai kubvisa navo kubva rinorema nezuva basa pasi zuva rinopisa.

APIs mwari lifecycle

Maererano kutenda, ose usiku, mudzimai wake, mwarikadzi denga Nut, akatora chimiro yemombe, akaenda naye mutemberi. Mushure mwari APIs wake nourume, chiedza anooneka chake inotevera zimukadzimu - kupenya kupenya kwezuva-mhuru, akakwira kudenga uye anoita kwaari wezuva. By manheru, zvakanaka kukwegura, akadzokera kamwe zvakare kutemberi uye akatora vaimbova chitarisiko. The usiku hwakatevera zvose pamusoro zvakare.

Saka mwari APIs muchimiro nzombe raiva uye murume uye baba yake mwana. Paakanga ava kufa zvechokwadi kare, vapristi vaifanira kuwana yokutsiva. Kuti azadzise basa rinokosha ichi wakanyatsokodzera kwete mhuka dzose, asi chete vane unhu. Zvikurukuru wacho anofanira kunge aiva pahuma white, triangle parutivi chiedza gwapa, akafanana kirisendi mwedzi, uye pamutsipa rimwe zvakawanda, asi muchimiro chegondo.

Mushakabvu mummified maererano nemitemo iyi unyanzvi yekare wouisa chaiyo sarcophagus, yakashongedzwa nezvishongo uye mazango matsvene vakaiswa imwe necropolis pevhu, ndivo chete, muna Memphis, kumadokero pamahombekombe aNairi. Kana ukafunga kuti upenyu nzombe (kunyange matsvene) nokuda avhareji yemakore 15-20, uye vakamunamata kwemazana emakore, zviri pachena kuti pamusoro nguva izvi sarcophagi vakaumba guta vakafa.

The kunamata mhou nevaIjipiti vekare

kuremekedzwa Universal pamusoro Nile akanga akapoteredzwa kwete chete simba uye dzimwe nguva hasha kwazvo nzombe, asi shamwari dzavo norugare. Mhou Sacred yagara iri nehunhu yomuIjipiti pantheon, uye asina kushandiswa zvibayiro. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa nokuti, maererano ngano akawanda ekare, waiva shamwari chenguva dzose nomumwe mwarikadzi - Hathor kuvazvidza romukadzi, rudo uye wembereko. Mukuwedzera, mhou chitsvene, somumwe, unokupai mhuri mukaka, pane, Chokwadi, vaifanira kuonga.

Kwemazana emakore, muIjipiti mungano yaisanganisira zvifananidzo zvose zvitsva. At yakazotevera nguva, izvozvo akawedzera pantheon vachena mhou kukuru weOni, raiva pasi auspices mwarikadzi Isis, uyewo Hathor mutariri murudo, uye kuenderera rwevanhu. It weOni anonzi amai matsvene nzombe APIs, anogara ari mutemberi Memphis.

Shiri Vanamwari veIjipiti

Mumwe mumiririri yairemekedzwa veIjipiti fauna of akanga nezizi guru shiri, vaiona mumwe yepanyika zimukadzimu mwari uchenjeri Thoth, kuratidza nguva dzose naye musoro uye muviri womunhu. Maererano nezvinodavirwa nevaIjipiti vekare, ndiye musiki kunyora uye mabhuku. Mukubwinya mwari-somuzivi haashaiwi uye ichi shiri Mukurusa, takaberekwa pachisikirwo refu curved muromo. Maererano nomurayiro makore iwayo, kufa kwake kwakanga nemhosva huru kusanganisira rufu, uye munhu wacho akaomeswa.

Mune pantheon vanamwari veIjipiti watch kudada nzvimbo yakapiwa somunhu norukodzi. Mukutanga yenhoroondo akanga kuzvibatanidza Horus - mwari kudenga, zuva youmambo. It richiripo dzakawanda mifananidzo yake muchimiro munhu kwevanhu musoro norukodzi kana mapapiro zuva. At yakazotevera Danho nhoroondo muIjipiti norukodzi rava rakafanana nerokuti pfungwa yevanhu mweya-Bas, inova muunganidzwa manzwiro ake uye manzwiro.

Panguva upenyu munhu aigona kufamba takasununguka zvose munyika napamashoko yerima labyrinths roumambo vakafa. Vamwe nguva pashure pokufa tenzi wake mweya-Ba vadzokerazve mukuramba lethargy. Mukufananidzira avaEgipita, rakanga nezve norukodzi ine musoro womunhu, zvikuru yakasiyana mwari Horus mufananidzo.

mhuka Sacred muIjipiti yekare: katsi

Zvisinei, shiri zvaingova chikamu vanamwari. Chimwe mhuka rinoyera Ancient Egypt, ndiwo chinhu nokunamata - iri katsi. Zvinozivikanwa kuti pasi chinzvimbo chiri zvishoma pane nzombe. Kazhinji, nhoroondo mhuka idzi kwakabatana zvakananga kuIjipiti yekare. Pane kunyange pfungwa kuti pavakanga dzaichengetwa, uye shongwe kuti akava ano Egyptian Sphynx katsi - a erudzi iyo kunoratidzwa wakakwana kushaya bvudzi.

Kamwe upenyu pamusoro Nile aiva yendarama zera kuti katsi. Vanodiwa uye kukosheswa sezvo chero zvimwe zvenhoroondo epochs. The katsi kwainzi ari mutarisiri pachoto, uye kana mhuri yaiva norugare uye kubudirira, zvinonzi anonzi kwachiri, makodzero This. Uyezve, kudzivirira goho kubva nemakonzo, vakagovera inokosha basa kuvanhu, kuti avaponese kubva nzara. Izvi, kunyanya, mumwe nei katsi vainamatwa nevaIjipiti ave mhuka dzvene.

Zvinozivikanwa kuti kana moto, nokudengenyeka kwenyika kana navamwe musha njodzi zvikurukuru vakatakura katsi, uye pashure kutarisira vana, vakwegura, uye zvemarudzi ose pfuma. Hazvishamisi, katsi afa ndiye kurwadziwa sezvo rufu chero nhengo yemhuri. Mumba yokuchema akanzi, uye vakafa vakavigwa pamwe chete anokudza sezvo chero nhengo yemhuri.

Mwarikadzi ane katsi musoro

The gravest kwemhosva aifungidzirwa kuti katsi zvakaipa, pasinei aiva nokutenda zvakaipa kana kwete. Dzimwe zvakaitika kusvikira penga. Anozivikanwa Somuenzaniso, nyaya apo mambo wePezhiya Cambyses ari kukunda weIjipiti akarayira nechimwe masoja vakaswedera yokuzviparadzanisa kurerekera nhovo yake mhenyu katsi. Somugumisiro, vaIjipiti vakazvipira pasina kurwa, nekuti vakanga vasingagoni kupikisa pangozi kurwadzisa zvavo kufarira.

Playful uye munyoro hunhu nekatsi ndiwo chikonzero kuti mwarikadzi mafaro uye mafaro Bastet rakagara richidudzirwa ichifananidzwa mukadzi ane katsi musoro. A rinokosha kugovera sezvamunoita rwakadaro muchimiro emifananidzo uye mifananidzo vakamuka munguva Umambo New (makore 1070-712. BC. E.). Favorite nyaya mavari aiva Bastet, achiyamwisa kittens varo. Zvakanaka tinoziva ano Egyptian Sphynx katsi chitarisiko kwayo zvishoma nowenyika ichi mwarikadzi yekare.

The deification pamusoro nemakarwe

Kungofanana nzombe ainamatwa nokuda basa akanzi kwaari kurima minda, imwe mhuka dzvene Ancient Egypt - garwe - Akatora kunamata pachena nokuda wembereko venyika. Zvaidavirwa kuti ichi chaiva goroondo mupenyu musimboti mwari Sobek, aitarisira inorasikira Nile izvo unodiridzwa minda muuyise Crisp yl.

Kufanana APIs, nzombe chitsvene muIjipiti yekare, akafanana naye mamiriro garwe iri akasarudzwa vapristi mazana ehama dzavo. Akagara zvikurukuru chakavakwa temberi, uye ipapo, kurarama kugutsikana uye mukaguta, nokukurumidza kukanganwa tsika dzakaipa uye kwakura dzepamusha. Nemakarwe muIjipiti rairambidzwa kuuraya, kunyange zviitiko apo zvavanoita kukanganisa upenyu vanhu.

Matatya uye kubatana kwavo nenyika mhiri guva

Great tsitsi nokuti vaIjipiti vekare kuvaraidzwa kuti ose amphibians uye nezvinokambaira. Kunyanya, matatya vanobatanidzwa pakati pemhuka tsvene, nekuti vakanga chikamu navaranda mwarikadzi Heket kuvazvidza vakadzi basa. Uyezve, paiva kudavira kuti vane kwatangwa unyanzvi. Izvi chamuita kusonganira navo munyika mhiri guva, izvo akararamazve zvose apedza rwendo rwavo yepanyika.

Good zvakaipa uye nyoka

Nenyoka vaEgipita zvakanga havana chokwadi, nokuti kunzwisisa kare zvisikwa izvi vaiva vatakuri zvakanaka uye zvakaipa musimboti. Somuenzaniso, nyoka ngano Apophis aiva muenzaniso zvakaipa uye rima. Zvaidavirwa kuti apo usiku mwari zuva Ra anochengeta nzira yake pakati kumahombekombe pachivande Nile, vanonyengera nyoka kuedza arege kunwa mvura yose kubva kurwizi. Ivo vanotanga kurwa, iyo Ra nguva dzose anobuda Kumukundi, asi rakatevera usiku nyaya inodzokororwa.

Panguva iyo vaichengetedza pakati Lower Egypt kwainzi dzvuku nechiva, vane mwarikadzi Wadjet - muchengeti simba roumambo. Her stylized mufananidzo - Urey - nguva dzose yakashongedzwa korona Farao, sezvo uchapupu rekutonga kwavo munyika ino uye muhupenyu hunotevera.

asingatyi mongoose

Pashure kutaura nyoka akakodzera kuyeuka imwe mhuka rinoyera muIjipiti yekare, kuva navo zvakananga ukama - mongoose. MuIjipiti, izvi zvikara duku dzaiva zhinji uye nyore akapingudzwa. Vari kazhinji vakaramba sezvo dzinovaraidza. VaEgipita mwoyo kuti ushingi nako vakamusundira pachavo pamusoro cobras.

Kubvira nyoka, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, akanga achiziva sevatakuri zvakanaka kwete chete, asiwo zvakaipa musimboti, yakanga vaidavira kuti mongoose ndiye pedza avo azere vavariro dzakaipa. Nokuti ichi mhuka duku vanonakidzwa yezvisikwa kunamata, uye sezvo nhengo mhuka chitsvene.

Kunamata zviri mongoose kwakanga kwakapararira kuti kunyange nhasi pane vari yakavakwa nokukudzwa kwavo Zvivako mumatongo zvivako temberi. Uyezve, Pavaichera muIjipiti rwawana zvivezwa zvendarira, uyewo wearable mazango pamwe mufananidzo mhuka. Zvaidavirwa kuti ungashandisa ichi anokwanisa kudzivirira pamusoro nenyoka.

Beetle, kudzokorora nzira kwezuva

Pakupedzisira, hazvibviri kufungidzira pasina yekare Ijipiti scarab beetles, razova chiratidzo ichi nemamwe yebudiriro mupenyu. Yakadaro rukudzo agamuchira nekuvongwa yaro chaiyo mupumburu kumabvazuva nokumavirira akaita yazvo namazvizvi balls.

Anozviita chero vkraplonnye mazai ari mupfudze hakusi zvaibva uye haangazvidembi kuonekwa pamusoro mazana chiedza. VaEgipita vanodavira kuti saka vanobishaira tsikidzi inodzokorora nzira kwezuva, aiona chiratidzo rokusika simba muviri yokudenga iyi.

Characteristically, mwari wake mukuru Khepera - musiki wenyika uye vanhu - ivo vanoratidzwa somunhu ane musoro scarab. The zvizere mbiri kuti vose, senguva ndove beetles rave Kwakaitawo kuti chitendero maererano aakataura, kufanana datya, vane mano vaingoerekana zera uye, kufanana naye, akasvika muumambo vakafa, kubatsira nayo kumuka vatsva zvose.

kunyimwa rudo

Zvisinei kururama kufunga, kuti vose mhuka dzakanga anonamatwa uye akagamuchira chinokudza. Pakati pavo paiva kunze. Somuenzaniso, kunamatwa kwakapararira muIjipiti yekare mvuu iripo chete Paprimitskom District. Vamwe vagari venyika vakamuzvidza dzakangwarira chaizvo, izvo, zvisinei, haana kuvatadzisa rokuratidzira mwarikadzi taweret - rozhenits- aidzivirira pamuviri vakadzi hwemhuka.

Not aifarira vaEgipita nenguruve vanoonekwa mhuka kuchena. Pakanga kunyange kudavira kuti nguruve mukaka anogona kukonzera maperembudzi. Kamwechete pagore, vakanga kushandiswa nokuunza chibayiro tsika, uye ipapo kudyiwa. Sezvinogona kuoneka, nzara kuvakunda mashura kutya.