Matambudziko Ecological pamusoro peArctic gwenga Russian

zvinetso zvemhoteredzo kweArctic murenje kufanana okunze-nokuumba zvinhu zvipenyu zviri kuchinja chiso nyika. Dzakawanda hanya kunyunguduka echando, uyewo impoverishment murombo, uye saka nemiti uye fauna of kweArctic ndima uye achinaya mvura. Achiziva zvinetso ichi kusimba, asi chinokosha mararamiro - danho rokutanga kune ndichengetedze upenyu panyika.

Apo dzakaonda ikoko uye kukuvara

Arctic - hwokumusoro kumucheto imwe nzvimbo mamiriyoni 27 mativi makiromita, muganhu wokumaodzanyemba uko kuonekwa kumaodzanyemba muganhu achinaya mvura wongoramba. mamiriyoni 6 chete mativi makiromita - ndiyo yakaoma Europe, Asia uye North America. About mamiriyoni 4 mativi makiromita inowira pachitsuwa nenharaunda.

Ko nehanya chaizvo kuchangotanga kuchinja kuti yakaderera nokukwanisa kuporesa pacharo, mararamiro kweArctic murenje uye achinaya mvura zviri nyore chaizvo. Poor uye kazhinji endemic mhando Zvinoumba kasvisto uye fauna of zvinoda kungwarira chaizvo kurapwa.

Ndicho - ndiko,

Zvinhu kuti zvingakanganisa zvinhu zvipenyu arctic achinaya mvura uye, unogona kukamurwa dzinongoitika uye murume. Asi kuzopesanisa pane zvinodiwa. pezvakaitwa zvose panyika interconnected wakaisvonaka shinda, izvo dzimwe nguva hazvisi pachena pakutanga kuaona. Asi vanoona uye dzakawanda chikonzero chakanaka ane 90-ies zvinoshingaira kusuma uye kukudziridza pfungwa inogona kuenderera mberi, tichibatanidza kwezvakatipoteredza, upfumi uye nzanga zvinoriumba. Zvinogona kuparadza kweArctic vazhinji, asi isu ichataura rinonyatsooneka zvinetso zvemhoteredzo kweArctic mumarenje.

Nokudziya nyika

Munguva kwepasi, kwakaonekwa kuti kweArctic ari achidziya dzichimhanya kupfuura dzimwe nzvimbo. Uye zvakaipira inosimuka tembiricha pano vari pose kukosha. Ongororo dzinoratidza kuti mune ramangwana aizi Arctic aigona kutanga kunyangarika zvachose muzhizha.

Migumisiro ichi achava mukuru nokuwedzera tembiricha. Pashure pezvose, aizi kweArctic inoratidza zuva nemwaranzi, achideredza tembiricha panyika. Nechekare kufa polar runotsigira nokuda guru kure pakati chando floes ikozvino wakaiswa. vagari izvi simba chizvarwa kuchamhembe akarasika simba uye rikanyura.

Resource akapfuma nharaunda

Mining uye chicherwa ubanguranyika (mafuta, gasi) zvinotungamirira muhombe kugadzirwa zvokutapukirwa zvigadzirwa. zvinetso zvemhoteredzo kweArctic mumarenje dzinobatana kwete kukura kumunda kweArctic, asi achibva dzimwe dziri Zvinosvibisa. rwizi kuyerera kupinda Arctic Ocean chete akauya zana shoma matani tsvina mafuta. Remediation pamusoro nevhu kwakasvibiswa namafuta ari kugadzirwa mapazi kazhinji chete chokungoendawo.

Njodzi zvinosanganisira leakage uye parasikira panguva yaro dzokubudisa. Uyezve, imwe byproduct okuwana mafuta - methane gasi, uye ayo muchinangwa kwepasi hwakakura kwazvo.

kusingadzoreki poaching

Nokuti mafuta indasitiri mu kweArctic mapazi ari kunze kwemutemo yasvika. Uye ichi hachisi muvhimi, uyo akasvika muna sleigh. Infrastructure budiriro munzvimbo yakapfuura undeveloped munzvimbo - nzira yakarongwa poaching. Pane uchapupu hwokuti kusvika 300 polar rine gore kuwa pasi mabara ose kunze kwemutemo. Zvisiri pamutemo dzokubudisa pakati whitefish uye Sturgeon panzvimbo dzapasi kunosvika yenzizi Western kweSiberia - chete chikamu chiduku chii kunounza zvinetso zvemhoteredzo peArctic gwenga Russian.

Chinetso pasi

Highlight kuti inoderedza kunaka pasi mu kweArctic - vemo ekushandiswa mafuta kukura kana kusvibisa nzizi, uye nyanza, hazvibviri. Zvisinei, muna Nenets zvionera District pasi ane kunonyanyisa uwandu epetroleum Mahydrocarbon, dzimwe nguva nhamba iyi akapfuudza mwero kagumi.

Fani iyi haigoni chete zvinetso zvezvakatipoteredza mune Russian Arctic mumarenje, asi kuva nengozi pasi pose.

Gas uye mafuta pamusoro echiShinto

Modern ruzivo vakaita kuti simba makambani dzokubvisa zvinhu pemvura. Dzezvakatipoteredza vari achiyambirawo, nekuti pave pemvura minda iri ngozi kare pamusoro zvizivikanwe nemichina ubanguranyika danho, tisingatauri yokufambisa nokuda ngarava kana Mapaipi.

matambudziko Ecological pakati arctic gwenga Russian vakatotanga pamwe kugadzwa kuchera pachikuva "Prirazlomnaja" ( "Gazprom") munzvimbo prishelfnom muGungwa Pechora.

Munyika hamuna nzira dzinoshanda kuti mafuta teura kuchamhembe ezvinhu yakaderera tembiricha. Maererano nenyanzvi dzakawanda, kana munharaunda nemvura 10% akafuka chando, kuti zvokuimba pakuchenesa kunoreva isashande. Thickening mafuta yakaderera tembiricha daro kubva yakaoma platforms kuderedza zvinogoneka mafuta teura.

zvinetso zvemhoteredzo kweArctic murenje, kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka

Nezvinetso pemvura kukura hazvisi shoma. Chero zvikonzero kunge kwakaita kuti leakage mafuta (kudhumhana ane iceberg Somuenzaniso, kwete hazviiti), izvozvo achaita taisireva nokuda vamiririri venyika mupenyu. Drilling kuchikuva "Prirazlomnaja" idukusa 100 makiromita vari yakarurama mutsetse kubva Nenets Reserve uye wandei mutambo matura batana kukosha. Uye zvakadarowo iri kuchengetwa nevamwe minda gasi uye mafuta pamusoro echiShinto ose zvikuru akadzivirira rwokuzvarwa mundima Russia.

zvinetso zvemhoteredzo kweArctic murenje uye achinaya mvura hakugumiri mienzaniso iyi. The Russian Federation uye nyika vari chikamu kweArctic Council (1996), yakakura-pamwero dzakawanda kuitwa nechinangwa kuchengetedza vachiri kakawanda yakasimba zvinhu zvipenyu zviri kweArctic.