State Natural Reserve "Nenetsky" Nyika, mhuka uye zvirimwa

Zviri muropa kuchengeterwa "Nenetsky" riri Peninsula Russian volvulus muGungwa Barents. We akachengetedzwa sanganisika pano chete muEurope sandara chando uye kunyunguduka achinaya mvura, apo chando butiro runogara mazuva 231 pagore.

Ndiyo nzvimbo yemhuka isingawanzowanikwi uye neshiri (tsvuku-billed loon, bowhead shato huru, etc.), kupi zvinomera zvikure, zvizhinji zvacho vanobatanidzwa Red Book. Reserve nokuda remoteness mundima yayo kubva huru maindasitiri emakambani ndiwo mureza wacho pristine kunaka kuchamhembe achinaya mvura.

On munhoroondo yakawanikwa

Aifanira kumisa kuchengeterwa chakadaro Nenets zvionera District of Russia yakanga kukonzerwa zvinoverengeka: zvakawedzera anthropogenic kukanganisa pamusoro Geological ubanguranyika makambani kusimukira minda mafuta uye gasi; kukura overgrazing mudzimba poro; kusvibiswa nenyika somugumisiro kugadzirwa.

Zvose izvi zvakatungamirira kuti vachinje dzinongoitika zvinhu zvipenyu - kuparadzwa uye zvachose ivhu uye zvinomera nechifukidziro, kusimbisa kunaka uye vasingadiwi geomorphological urongwa, kugadzirisa uye kuderera kwemitambo poro mafuro, nokuvhiringidzirwa hydrological hurumende anotonga nzvimbo. Panyaya iyi, muna December 1997, chete panguva Reserve rakarongwa nenzira Resolution of Government Russian. Akazova seshanduro "National Nature Reserve" Nenets "."

Uye kuchengeterwa "Nenets" muna 2010 akanga ndaisa.

nzvimbo

Waizoitwa kuchengeterwa "Nenetsky" ndima ndiyo European mureza kuchamhembe Russia. It zvakazara asangana zvinangwa zvebasa kwezvakatipoteredza chinhu.

Nharaunda yose riri mukati kweArctic Circle uye kusukwa nemvura yaro uye Barents Sea Caves. Yakachengeterwa yakaoma yaiva kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva chikamu Malaya Zemlya achinaya mvura inoremekedzwa Peninsula Russian volvulus, 20 kiromita kanyika nyika yakafara mhenderekedzo Zakharyin, chikamu Delta (muromo) p. Uye Pechora River Delta. East Neruta. Uyewo munharaunda anosanganisira muzvitsuwa Green, Lovetskiy, Kashin, Green eki uye chikamu Barents Sea (rwezasi-kumabvazuva) uye vamwe.

Mvura nzvimbo iri kupfuura hafu nzvimbo mundima chengetedza wacho. Izvi Korovinskaya uye Bolvansky miromo mvura pamwe Shore Zakharyin (pahupamhi 10 km), yose mvura nzvimbo (km 2) Inversion Peninsula Russian, nezvimwewo Nenetskii kuchengeterwa rakakamurwa 4 zvikamu :. Ostrovnoy Bolvansky, Delta p. Pechora uye Zakhar'in Beach.

Modes pakufamba, yauri kuwana kune kuchengeterwa pamusoro Naryan-Mar (100 km): snowmobiles (muchando), zvikepe (muzhizha).

About okunze

Okunze ndiko kunyunguduka zvomumvura chengetedza. In yechando, mhepo tembiricha anodonhedza kusvika -46 ⁰ C. The paavhareji wepagore amplitude ichitaurwa pamwedzi tembiricha anenge 29 ⁰ C muna February - mwedzi nechando, uye akanyanya kupisa ndiye July.

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, chando pakavha iri rakaramba pano akawanda mwaka, asi kuchamhembe chikamu kuchengeterwa nesinou vakakwira akafukidzwa kune 40 masendimita paukobvu paavhareji. Mazuva vane blizzards ndiyo inenge 112. Mumakore coldest nguva gore munzvimbo iyi inodzorwa nemhepo yezasi-kumavirira nokumaodzanyemba, kuti warm - mhepo hwokuchamhembe pfungwa chinongedzo.

Relief Nenets chengetedza

Ndima kuchengeterwa iri sandarara nomunzvimbo dzine. Kunenge kwose rinokoka nokumapani swamped zvakasimba hova vakawanda uye madhamu kuti hukuru siyana. Wetlands mhando: hummock-mhango, muhomba-mhango, zviduku-hummocky.

Marine tenuka kunogona kurondwa kusvikira kuchamhembe chikamu nyika, uyewo kure nechokumaodzanyemba munzvimbo pamwero yakawedzera zvishoma. Tenuka Nenets kuchengeterwa vane sandara penyika, pamwechete nomumachakwi zvanza uye madhamu diki.

Flora

Zvinomera Nenets Reserve anoratidza kwese uye chando achinaya mvura hunodzorwa chikwindi uye lichen nemunharaunda.

Mhando sezvamunoita rakakamurwa kuva marudzi anotevera zvinomera munharaunda: nemiti (the willow, zvipfupi Birch uye Labrador tii), shrub, lichen uye chikwindi achinaya mvura, marshes, the willow uye melkotravnye nomumatondo (rekushongedzesa uye miriwo).

Vascular miriwo kuchengeterwa ine 339 rudzi uye subspecies (vanopinda 56 mhuri). The vakapfuma Flora iri kuchengetwa dzapasi kunosvika yorwizi Delta. Pechora. Found pano anopfuura 200 marudzi. The Red Book akanyora 32 mhando vascular zvirimwa zvose muchikura kuchengeterwa: Poppy Ugra, Rhodiola rosea, Pinguicula alpina, Dryas octopetala, tetrahedral Cassiopeia uye nevamwe vakawanda.

fauna of

Nguva dzose muna Nenets kuchengeterwa musha mhuka: gava, gava chena, ermine, Elk, Ob uye lemming chando, wolverine, tsuro. It kazhinji kuwanikwa musi Peninsula Russian Inversion uye Gungwa Barents zvitsuwa (south-nechokumabvazuva) ari Bheya rakamira pachando.

Mvura akadzivirira vari inogarwa zvomumvura mhuka - pinnipeds uye cetaceans. Rare vane vhudzi nembira zvisimbiso, baleen hove huru, uye vazhinji - the walrus, beluga shato huru, chisimbiso, gungwa tsuro.

Ndokupi kumwe unogona kuona zvakasiyana-siyana dzemhuka dziri Nenets Reserve zvakadai? Akava yakavimbika dzinogarisana kurarama venyama sezvo Atlantic walrus, huru bowhead shato huru, achinaya mvura nejichidza, yellow-billed loon, uye vamwe.

The kuchengeterwa yokutama nzira (East Atlantic), zhinji eshiri. The Reserve kwakaita nharaunda - inokosha pfungwa kubereka vana vakawanda shiri (waterfowl). Muchirimo, pane avo chikuru howa kusiyana yakafanira lamellirostral (mutema scoter, chena-fronted hanzi, bhinzi hanzi, Eider, etc.) Uye waders. Herring Gulls dendere pamusoro floodplain nzvimbo, uye makuru mapoka arctic Tern - pamusoro jecha akasvipira mumwe. Namazizi, ptarmigan, Rukodzi runonzi norukodzi, gondo chena-tailed, dzemakwiringwindi-makumbo marefu gora, Merlin, Merlin, etc. Also kurarama pano.

A chiratidzo sayenzi uye kuchengeteka kwebasa Nenets Reserve nhasi ndizvo zvinotevera waterfowl: mhando mbiri kuchamhembe shiri diki (barnacle hanzi uye chiduku chena) uye achinaya mvura (aka diki) Swan.

Pakati hove zvinokosha munzvimbo idzi chinhu chisinganzwisisiki pane whitefish: peled, whitefish, whitefish, cisco uye whitefish. Uyewo, kuburikidza mugove gungwa Cave (rwezasi-kumabvazuva) gwara anomhanya Sarimoni yokutama.

excursions

Mune kuchengeterwa vaenzi ayo vakapa zvinonakidza runobudirira zvirongwa: richiona nezvezvabuda dererei eshiri (ornithology mudzidzi), kukurusa yechando yezororo mhando ari chando uye muzhizha pakupikiswa yevedza nharaunda. Pano unogona kutora chikamu mune zvipenyu Tours.

Pazvitsuwa kweArctic Reserve "Nenets" inowanika nevanhu vanoverengeka nhoroondo netsika Zvivako chokuita kukura tsika Nenets vanhu (tsvene siyana hunhu chibayiro - zvifananidzo, skulls pamusoro polar mabheya, nondo nyanga, mapfupa mhuka yechibairo, etc.).

Kubvira 2000, nhepfenyuro uye dzinopakwa motokari mbiri Vakarongwa kuchengeterwa vashanyi.

Pakupedzisira, mumwe dzinonakidza chokwadi

Zvakaratidza kuti kutonga mamiriro zvakatipoteredza ezvinhu kweArctic zviri nyore chaizvo - chete kuteerera kurarama ikoko kushoma chaizvo shiri - achinaya mvura (diki) swans.

shiri idzi dziri Nenets zvionera District - kupfuura vasanonoka zviratidzi zvakasikwa zvakatipoteredza. Kana kukanganisika kwezvakapoteredza, swans pakarepo kuchinja nzvimbo yavo yokugara.