Louis XIII: Biography

How kuwana French pachavo, ari enganonyorwa nomunondo, uye munondo Aleksandr Dyuma akapa kupfuura nesimba kurova mufananidzo King Louis XIII. Izvi simba uye gutless uye unochinja, uye chando, uye chisimba uye costive hono nehadzi, riri mumvuri guru Richelieu. Asi chokwadi, mutongi muduku kuzivikanwa ichi, kana akaongorora nayo, uye uvhare kubwinya baba vake Henry IV, uye mwanakomana Louis XIV.

Makore 33 kwake, umambo France yakasiyana chaizvo. Pakave nenzvimbo simba uye kutarisira kukura wezvokutengeserana uye nezvikepe. Zvadaro, michero izvi vanoshandisa mwanakomana wake Louis XIV zvizere.

Dauphin (Makore 1601-1610)

Louis XIII - mwanakomana Henry IV ose, Mambo France uye muNavarre uye Marii Medichi. Akaberekerwa muna 1601. muchato uyu akanga chete dynastic, yakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza simba French muItaly, va- Florence uye France mugari wenhaka. Aidawo kunyora kure zvikwereti rechiFrench panguva Florentine vokubhengi. Mambokadzi wechiduku vakabereka vanakomana vatanhatu, uyo vaviri chete akura - Louis XIII uye mukoma wake Gaston, Duke pamusoro Orleans. Mwana anokura panhare pamusoro Saint-Germain-en-Laye, nevana Henry IV asiri pamurawo. It chinodzidzisa ayo chaizvoizvo Albert De Luynes. Iye dzichikonzera ari mwana ane rudo kuvhima, achifamba panze, kupenda nokutamba, kutamba zviridzwa, kuti harpsichord uye nembira. Asi kwokubatsira ehurumende of Luynes mwana haasi kugadzirira. Baba vanoda Louis uye zvakajeka chinosiyanisa nayo vana venyu. Zvikasadaro, rinoreva amai. Iye anoda Gaston. Mariya Medichi akati Louis kunonoka uye kwete kukwezva. Asi Louis haana kuva flustered, pasinei vake chaivo kunyara, anotenda wayo matsvene. Baba anofa, vakaurayiwa mupengo, uye regent mambo kuduku anova mambokadzi. Panguva ino, Louis makore 8 chete okuberekwa. Amai, kuenda nomurume wake wokuti anotsvaka pedyo ukama Spain. Louis XIII kubva 1612 kare yatsidzira Anne kuAustria, mwanasikana wamambo Spanish.

regency

The Queen haagoni zvizere inotongwa nehurumende, umo maiva kusununguka ezvinhu pakati nevaPurotesitendi nevechechi yeRoma. Mukuwedzera, nhokwe kuitwa vemo, vamiririri chemhando revatongi mhuri: Conde, Giza, Montmorency. The Queen nokushingaira kukanganisa kwake kufarira, rokuItari Concini, Marshal d'Ankr. Vanokara uye makaro, kwahunokonzera kuvenga vose vakasangana naye. Mukuwedzera, kunzwa simba, anoita zvose zvaanogona kuti kunyadzisa mambo yemberi. Louis XIII, kuedza kuisa munzvimbo Concini uye kudzivirira chiremera chake, kutaura naamai, asi zviri pachena kuti itsva kushungurudzwa. Panenge panguva ino, otanga anopisa ake kurwadziwa mudumbu, izvo mune ramangwana chete kuwedzera. Zvisinei, pasinei nokurwadziwa pakavanda vainyara-makore 15 kuyaruka Arikugadzirira rangano. Unoranganawo akauraya rufu muna Louvre. Louis, zvakajeka inowirirana mumuviri pakushaiwa amubvise, akati nekururama: "Panguva ino, ini ndiri mambo."

Mugumisiro kubvuta masimba

Mashoko aya takaona simba hunhu Louis XIII, uyo akaita chivindi akatora mutoro nhamo France mumakore 15. Asi kutanga ushe feudal richakudzikatira mhirizhonga. Created rinopikisa mapato maviri. Mumwe anotsigira muduku Louis, uye uya rinoshandisa mai vake. Kubva 1619 kusvika 1620 makore pane "hondo" pakati mai uye mwanakomana. Cardinal Armand du Plessis de Richelieu nounyanzvi achifambisa pakati mapato kudzosa rugare umambo. Louis pakutanga vasingafariri zviito pave norugare, asi anoudzawo zvaakaratidzwa simba roumambo, kudekara kuziva uye kukurira nevaPurotesitendi. Vose vasina chokwadi uye kudzivirira pavakaona chinhu zvakakodzera. Kubatsirana kwakanga zvakakwana uchinyatsobatanidzwa chinovhiringidza.

upenyu Personal uye Anna Avstriyskaya

Dynastic muchato kwakaitika muna 1615. Zvisinei, pasinei nokuti wake - wokutanga runako kwete chete France, Louis nguva dzose wakapoteredzwa favorite ukama izvo haagoni kunzi platonic. Korol Lyudovik XIII wake vakatsigira ukama kure. Iye ari kunyumwa mambokadzi. Chii chinonyanya havadi mambo wechiduku, zvekuti hapana vana muchato. Sezvo Mambo haana mugari wenhaka, rakakomberedzwa dzakasiyana nezviitiko. Chete pashure pemakore gumi namashanu ukama pakati vakaroorana zvichanaka. Asi mumakore, Anne Austria anonzi vanopfuura mumwe kufarira, kusanganisira Buckingham. Pashure pemakore 23 vakaroorana pane vana kugamuchirwa. Chokutanga, Dauphin Louis, ipapo Kuvshinov Orleansky. Uye nepo pasina vana, Mapurotesitenzi kuenda imwe yakapanduka yakazaruka La Rochelle, iyo zvishoma nezvishoma kutsigira French vairemekedzwa uye England, ari muvengi kwenguva yakareba vari Makore Zana War, riri mupenyu mumwoyo rechiFrench uye British. The womukati hondo Huguenots, vachitsigirwa Britain, panoberekwa 1628, kusvikira munhare La Rochelle haana aisa. Rugare chibvumirano achabatsirwa zvinosimbisa rusununguko rwokunamata. Panguva iyoyo hondo yakanga yapera munyika, upfumi huri chinhu.

runofarira

Zvaizoratidza sokuti kwamachinda ari kurwisa hwakavhunika, asi zvakasimba mutemo pamusoro Mambo uye Cardinal akaramba kuita vairemekedzwa. Duchesse of Chevreuse anoda kuona mukoma wake ndiye aifanira kuzotora chigaro. Kurangana kwaisanganisirawo munin'ina wamambo, Gaston Orleansky. Panguva ino, ukama pakati vawanani kunetse. King anobudisa kuti zvakavanzika ake uto ngakuzivikanwe Spanish dare. Kumba kwake Korol Lyudovik XIII akaona muvengi. Louis XIII uye Anna Avstriyskaya nguva dzose vakaramba makakatanwa uye kusavimba. Chambers mudzimai vakanga vatsvaka varayirwa namambo. Nekusagona kuva mwana waMwari Anna (anoverengeka kupfupfudzika) mberi kunoparadzanisa vakaroorana. Asi Richelieu, kubatsira France, ari kuita zvose zvaanogona kuti kuyanana pakati pomurume nomudzimai.

Kuberekwa mudyi wenhaka

Ichi chiitiko-refu akamirirwa kwakaitika muna 1638. Asi makakatanwa ari kuitika harwuwire mudare uye hurumende. Mumakore 12, pane kuchinja kusimbisa youmambo simba, streamline kutarisira kuparadza feudal vakasara muchimiro kurwa, kuvaka nezvikepe. In munda uyu parutivi pamambo parutivi kushanda pamwe Cardinal. Ivo mukwanisi mumwe. Apo mambo vakazvipira kuita rakapinza kufamba, Cardinal rinopa nokungwarira uye kunzwisisa. Ivo kuremekedzana, asi chengeta kure yavo. mutemo wakadaro unoita hwakasimba nzvimbo France panyika mudariro. Kugumisa Yemakore Makumi Matatu inotonhora 'hondo muna Italy, asi muna 1635 hondo yakatanga pakati France uye Spain. Mauto Spanish kuuya Paris. Mambo pachake akatungamirira hondo, uye muvengi akanga unonyangadzwa. The hondo inoenda rakaoma. utano A yamambo iri kungoramba panguva ino. Kunyange mambo kana Cardinal haana kuona kuguma hondo. Muna 1642 Armand du Plessis akafa, asi mashizha mugari wenhaka - Cardinal Mazarin. Louis XIII vakafa nechirwere Papera gore, muna 1643, mugari wenhaka makore mana. Mhedziso umambo akasika Louis XIII, uye Louis XIV kucharamba nehanya kukura kwayo nomukurumbira. Asi kwemakore akawanda rose simba unowana mai vake, Anna Avstriyskaya, uyo akava regent.

Results rokutonga

Uye mumaruwa, uye zvokutengeserana uye maindasitiri muguta basa akatambura Pamakafamba hondo. Vachiri kuenda 1643 Anokwanisa France kuva chikuru European simba kuti riripo. Izvi akasikwa Louis XIII. Biography anoti nekuvongwa nayo umambo vasunungurwa Habsburg anoti sezvo yeAustria uye Spanish. Kusvikira panguva iyoyo, umambo nzvimbo haana yakakura. Paiva simba monarchical mamiriro. The umambo akava mhedziso.

By pacharo, Louis aiva hypochondriac, vanorwara uye kwakakwidibira murume, asi vanhu vake akavachema, uye akamupa zita remadunhurirwa rokuti Fair.