Kusungwa uye kuurayiwa Louis 16, mambo France

Nhoroondo inotaura zvakawanda European Zvinofadza zvikuru uye anodzidzisa, kana emakore munzvimbo idzodzo vazhinji zviitiko kubva anosetsa kuti zvinosuruvarisa. Yokupedzisira zvinoshandawo kuurayiwa nokuda Louis 16. Zvichida, kubva panguva iyoyo rinotanga rungano Rechishanu Republic of France. Rufu Mambo uyu nokusingaperi hwogumisa kuti French Bourgeois zvokuvhoterwa.

King kusungwa

Zvinozivikanwa kuti Louis aiva mambo nokururamisira aiteerera. Zvikurukuru, akateerera zvinodiwa kuipandukira, akaramba kumhedziso umambo, kudiwa pakagadzwa munhu yepamutemo chehurumende. Asi panguva imwe chete kuedza vomanikidza kuipandukira airwisana kupfuura okunyanyisa kuchinja. Pasina nguva akava pachena kuti kare haagoni kuramba.

Ichokwadi, hapana munhu asi akafunga panguva zvinokwanisika kuurayiwa Louis 16. Date ayo (21 January 1793) akatanga kuti masikati, pashure izvo European madzimambo pakupedzisira akaziva kuti naivowo vari vanofa.

mhuri youmambo yakasarudza kutiza nyika. Zano chakatsaurirwa kuna mamwe pedyo vanhu mazuva mashoma akanga kupfuura akasarudza kutiza kuronga. The X awa mambo mhuri chisvusvuro pasina yokuputsa dzakati, akataura mudare, uye ipapo vose vakaenda kunorara ... Asi chete nechitarisiko, sezvo imba mambo wacho naye pamusoro wayo, vachishandisa muchivande ndima, ivo vakabuda yamambo akagara chacho.

First ndege kwakaitika sezvo aronga, asi nekuda rudo namambo kunyaradzwa (ndiro munokosha kupfuura kusiya nengoro), ayo muitiro chaizivikanwa, uye guta Varenna mhuri yose akabatwa uye asungwa. Nokukurumidza pashure paizvozvo, paiva kuurayiwa Louis 16. Zuva chiitiko ichi muna France nhasi airemekedzwa sezvo pazuva rokupedzisira kuchinja kuti Republican chehurumende.

Matangiro Ayakaita

January 16, 1793 French Convention akakurukura matatu mubvunzo unokosha zvikuru:

• Chekutanga, kana mambo akanga ane mhosva. 683 akavhotera nhengo gungano, kusarudza anenge kubvumirana.
• Chechipiri, pane kuti mutongo akatamisa mugumo ake mumaoko avanhu? Sezvaiitwa yapfuura nyaya, kusarudza zvakafanana. No ruzhinji.
• Pakupedzisira, chii chirango chinofanira kusarudzwa mambo ... Ndiyo nyaya chete iyo pfungwa inokamukana. Panguva kuurayiwa Louis 16 387 vanhu akavhotera mujeri - 334 vanhu.

Saka, maonero vanhu 53 aiva mutsindo, Louis uye Marie Antoinette akatongerwa rufu. Pasinei neizvi, munhu vaitirane nharo raramba kwemazuva anoverengeka. Asi January 19 aiva chisarudzo chokupedzisira - kuti kuurayiwa Louis 16 masikati. Nzira akasarudzwawo dzose, guillotining. Saka, kusungwa uye aurayiwe Louis 16 yakagovana nokuda kwamazuva mashoma.

Sei kwariri mambo?

Apo mambo mujeri mutemberi. Pauchadzidza Mutongo Convention, akakumbira kuti sero ake zvakadzivisa Abbe Edgeworth of Fremont. Sezvo akazotaura nezvenguva muprista pachake, vose vaiva voga kwemaawa anoverengeka, sezvo mambo akanga zvikuru huta kuvhunduka. Chokutanga, ivo vaviri kusvimha misodzi, asi nokukurumidza, Louis akawana simba kudzikama.

Akakumbira mupristi kumuregerera nokuti indelicate kuratidzwa simba kwake. King akabvuma kuti akanga saka refu akararama pakati muvengi, kuti akaita rinenge chete nyaya vakavimbika chete akabata nayo. Pashure paizvozvo, Louis akakoka abbot kuti mumutevere kamuri. Mumwe mupristi aiva unpleasantly akashamiswa austerity cabinet: pamasvingo aro pakanga pasina Wallpaper, kudziyisa akapindura akaderera wevhu muchoto, nenhumbi dzose yaiva vaviri Chair nechiduku pasofa. Louis 16, mambo France (kusungwa uye aurayiwe izvo zvinorondedzerwa munyaya) vakadyara amene pamberi abbot.

Akazvidemba ...

Louis akabvuma kuti akanga asara chete nyaya chete chete zvinoda pakarepo mhinduro. The abbot akati kuti panguva muchirumbidza Duke pakati Orleans mambo kunzwisisa uye Akagomera zvikuru. Iye chema kuti hama yake anodzingana uye dai iye zvakaipa. Louis akakanganwira hanzvadzi yake uye akati akanga asingadi kuva panzvimbo yake, nokuti "zvichaita vanongoerekana apandukire."

Asi kukurukura kwedzimwe Revolutionary vezviitiko. Vaburuka okumusoro guva mujeri akashuma kuti mambo akabvumira kushanyirwa mhuri.

Uchisangana mhuri

Chokutanga chaiva mambokadzi, zvichitungamirira noruoko rwomwanakomana wake. Her - Hanzvadzi Elizabeth King. Vose vakamhanyira maoko autocrat, uye mashoma anotevera inzwiwe chete sobs. Ipapo mambo akadana vose kuti mberi kune yokudyira.

Ikoko havana kutaura, nhengo dzose dzemhuri chete vakachema pavakamumbundikira mumwe. Nokukurumidza yakanga yava nguva yokuti kunosuwisa. Queen kusiya, akabvunza mubvunzo Louis kuzviona mangwana. On ichi mambo akapindura omumwe protestations rudo rake guru kuti mhuri yake uye akakumbira kuti kunyengeterera isu uye nokuda kwake.

Nguva pfupi pashure pacho, Louis akadzokera abbot, yokupedzisira akataura kuti mambo ari ezvinhu kwakakura huta kuvhunduka. Mupristi wacho akagara naye kusvikira pakati pousiku, uye ipapo zvinganaka Mambo zororo, sezvo akaona yakadzika kuneta. Muranda Clary akanga akamuka ari parutivi pomubhedha ari mambo, uye abbot akanga azorora muwadhiropu, riri kazhinji muranda nehope. Saka akagumisa zuva rokupedzisira. Mangwanani akatevera yaiva kuitika kuurayiwa Louis 16th ...

Mangwanani nezuva rokupedzisira

Mushandi King paakamuka zvishanu o'clock mangwanani. Valet akatanga nokushambidzika, uye 16 Louis, Mambo France, panguva iyoyowo kuedza kuisa ring, iyo kazhinji yakavigwa yomuhomwe. Pashure paizvozvo, akatumira zvakare nokuda abbot, izvo akataura kuti inenge awa. Kana apedza neizvi, muprista vaipemberera Misa, Mambo zvose iyoyo akamira mabvi rinonzwika pauriri.

Zvaiita kuti Louis akadzikama zvikuru. The abbot panguva kusiya Mambo, uye pakudzoka, anoona sezvaakanga anopfugama pedyo chitofu uye muviri wake rinodederesa mu vaidedereswa nemvura yainaya. Panguva iyoyowo, zvakatojeka utonga kwakamuka mangwanani denga, uye zvose pamusoro Paris achirova ngoma. Pakati mangwanani nomwe uye vasere varindi vari kuramba achigogodza pamukova muchitokisi, kuwana pretexts siyana iyi. Panguva iyoyo ndainzwa Louis 16? kuuraya ramambo rakanga kuitika chete vaviri maawa, asi nokuti ndaitya kuti chokwadi.

Nokukurumidza kuti varove mugwagwa ...

Louis ichi akaona achinyemwerera kuti varindi vake, zvinoita sokuti, vachitya, sezvo kana vaimbova mambo wavo haana kutora muchetura kana kuzviuraya nedzimwe nzira. At sere o'clock kuna mambo yakasvika nhengo yomunharaunda Municipality. Mambo akavapa testamende yake yebasa uye vokupedzisira 125 Louis ake, raakakumbira kupa mumwe chikwereti. Vamwe vashanyi Pakutanga vakaita bongozozo, asi zvino vanobvuma kuita zvose vaduku zvikumbiro kubva mambo. Saka Louis 16, izvo zvinofanira kuitika nokukurumidza chirango chakanga, vakaita zvinoremekedzeka zvinoshamisa uye akadzikama.

Pashure paizvozvo akabvunza varindi vake, "kuti kutambura maminitsi mashoma," uye vakadzokera shure zvakare kumupristi. Akawisa pamabvi ake uye akamukumbira kuti muropafadze, nokuti anonzwa kuti kuonekwa nguva pfupi pamberi paJehovha ...

Pashure kwemaminitsi mashomanana pamukova paiva inzwi rakasimba, nowenyika Louis vanofanira kuenda. "Zvakanaka, ngatiende", - iye akabvuma mambo. Akatonga incredible runyararo sezvo chacho boka kugara kuna Revolution Square. Scaffold mudenderedzwa akanga akanyudzwa pfuti, vakange vatumwa kuratidza zvakananga kupinda revanhu. The chikonzero wakadaro nzira yakanga, sezvo vazhinji vaiona uye ivo pachavo vakanga wakazvigadzira mazino. Nokukurumidza Mambo aifanira kutora nzvimbo kuurayiwa Louis 16 muFrance ...

Okupedzisira nguva upenyu hwaMambo wake

Kana ngoro akamira, namambo, akatendeuka mupristi, akati: "Ndinofunga isu tasvika." Suo wenhumbi akazarura mumwe wavarindi. King kukunyima zvishoma magondo harashari namapurisa, uyo akatanga, akati kuti vakatarira mushure abbot pashure porufu rwake, uye hapana munhu anobvumirwa kumukuvadza.

King akakwira scaffold pachake, gait ake zvakasimba. Panguva iyi ngoma vairohwa zvakaipisisa zvokuti Louis vakadanidzira kunyarara. hasha dzake zvokuti iye undressed amene, akasara andapeni hembe, bhurukwa uye masokisi. Wavarindi vakauya kuna mambo vachida vasunge, asi iye akasimbisa kubva kwavari, uye akati kuti haangaurayi kuvhiringidza kuurayiwa, asi vaiita kuda angatsunga kushandisa simba.

Rutsigiro, akatendeukira mupristi. The abbot akati kuti King Louis-uraya 16 arege kukunda, nokuti kuzvininipisa kunoita kutarisa saKristu. Achipindura, namambo akatanga kutaura kwake umo akavakanganwira vose uye akadana hake zvakanaka France. Asi kuurayiwa King Louis 16 zvakaitika nokukurumidza kupfuura aigona kutaura chinhu.

How ndokuguma

Panguva iyoyo, General Santerre, akarayira repossession, akakwakuka akatasva bhiza rake mberi. Akadanidzira akarayira, ivo ngoma akatanga kurova zvakare, uye wavarindi ikawira pamusoro pamambo, achiedza kusungira kuti kune bhodhi. Sezvo kwaiva matanhatu, kurwa rakanga pamusoro nokukurumidza. Board pamwe zvakabatanidzwa nayo Louis akaisa pasi yakamisirwa banga yacho guillotine.

Mupristi achisendamira kwaari uye zevezeve, "Mwanakomana St. Louis, vakwira kudenga." Panguva iyi kuuraya kutura banga iri guillotine, mumwe thud dzichidairira pachivara. A nguva gare gare, vanhu vazhinji mhere, munhu bellowed: "Mbiri kuna Republic," Mumwe wavarindi akabata vakasimudza akatsaura musoro uye akaratidza vanhu pakupenga kwaro. Saka chakaitika kuurayiwa Louis 16 muFrance. Kwakanga maawa 9 10 maminitsi mangwanani January 21, 1793.