Musimboti udzvinyiriri veboka. Zvakakurukurwa hurumende enyika uye udzvinyiriri webato

Chii ndiwo udzvinyiriri veboka? In ezvinhu umo sangano enyika vachitsvaka simba pachake, izvozvo chinozadzwa kubvisa vorongerwa ake ose uye coalesces pamwe nehurumende midziyo. The kupfuura unoshamisa muenzaniso wakadaro murayiro ndiye Soviet Union.

Muenzaniso Bolsheviks

Kuti tinzwisise musimboti udzvinyiriri webato, funga nezvomuenzaniso Bolshevik Party zvakadzama, akauya simba muRussia muna 1917. Vatungamiri RSDLP (b) haana kuenda waongororwa vavengi vavo. Kana paiva ari October Revolution, chikamu vanhu vachiri anovanza ari fungidziro kuti Lenin neshamwari dzake yaitungamirira basa Constituent Assembly. muviri Izvi kushandisa hwoutongi yokuziva remangwana enyika yeRussia.

The Constituent Assembly vakashanda zuva rimwe chete. Raisanganisira kwete Bolsheviks chete, asiwo SRs. Vakaita mutambo leftist maonero, asi vasingabvumirani Lenin mune dzimwe nyaya musimboti. Kunyanya, SRs vakaramba kuziva mirayiro simba yeSoviet rokutanga. A ruzhinji nekuvhota kwe ari Constituent Assembly akasarudzwa sezvo sachigaro wayo mumiririri Victor Chernov.

Kana RSDLP (b) vanoziva kuti itsva simba anova nokushorwa, kwakasarudzwa kuti chero kwaiva overclock. Pre zviremera akarambidza kunhaka kwemienzaniso muna Petrograd. Vevatariri vadzingwe mudare zuva rakatevera pashure kutanga kwakaita basa. Chiitiko ichi akava nomukurumbira nokuti okuti "The murindi akaneta." kudzivirirwa chaizvo nharo kwekanguva kuvhara of Tauride Palace, panobva paramende.

mamiriro kutya

Zvakazova pachena kuti Assembly Constituent akanga vakaparadzirwa zvachose. Petrograd vagari vakabata kuratidzira anoverengeka uye Misangano mikuru pakutsigira mumiririri muviri. Vose vakapfurwa zvikamu wokuLatvia Riflemen. Vakaurayiwa, maererano nokufungidzira siyana, kubvira vanhu 8 kusvika 20.

In ichi hwakaratidzwa musimboti dambudziko udzvinyiriri veboka. The Bolsheviks havana kugovana simba uye vakanga vachida kuparadza zvose kwavavengi vake. Nokutyisa - nhungamiro iri huru kana toreva kuungana udzvinyiriri vakabata simba chero mamiriro.

Kurambizwe pamusoro hurukuro

Zvisinei, kunyange pashure dispersal of Constituent Assembly, vamwe enyika Russian mapato vaiva pamutemo mumunda. Vaigona kuva zvakakomba vakwikwidzi kune Bolsheviks vari kurwira voruzhinji. Raiva Mensheviks uye SRs. In nzira RSDLP (b) kuvaparadza zvakare kwakaratidza musimboti webato udzvinyiriri.

Panguva SRs uye Mensheviks ndiye chete vasiri muchiuto nzira kuuya simba. Aya mazano. mitumbi ava ikava tapureta, inoratidza zvakakodzera mavhoti. Udzvinyiriri pakati proletariat rakanga webato rakarambidzwa chero nhaurirano, kana sarudzo watopiwa atora "yapamusoro" kuti Central Committee.

Bolshevik vavengi zvinobudirira Re-akasarudzirwa vokuSoviet vakatanga kuchinja manzwiro avo. Mamiriro nokuti Lenin nevatsigiri vake vakava shaky chaizvo. Zvinhu zvakanga zvichiri zvakaipa nokuti vaKomonisiti aidzora chete Petrograd uye Moscow, apo mune huru napamwe White kufamba vaishingaira.

Kubatanidzwa nomumwe webato pamwe nehurumende

Muna May 1918, Zinoviev akafananidza Tips kubva raPamusoro Paramende yeBritain. Kusarudzwa mumiririri miviri kubva pasi kudzorwa Bolsheviks. Panyaya iyi, utungamiri bato akasarudza nokuparura munhu preemptive ranwa. Muchirimo 1918 wasungwa vatungamiri Panounganira Commission, iro vazhinji vaipona kupikiswa.

Zvichakadai, muitiro chienderane yebato midziyo pamwe nehurumende. Vanhu Commissariat Kudzivirira uye neDare zvevanhu Commissars vakanga chose Bolshevik. Party nhengo vari kuramba vachiva chikamu muboka revatungamiriri uye Nomenclature. Pakazosvika 1920, apo IX Congress of RCP (b), Council achawana ose wechipiri Bolshevik (uye rose sangano, paiva 98% of uwandu vevatariri). Nezvegumi nhengo dzose bato chete aishanda mukurima.

The kutonga pamusoro kuchengeteka mabasa

Mune ramangwana, musimboti udzvinyiriri pakati Party of 1920s kwaiva kushandisa inokosha mabasa uye utongi midziyo. The Bolsheviks ashumira aivapo Cheka. KGB kuti kukoshesa aiva Mensheviks uye SRs. huru richikurukura informants wakasikwa. At mumwe chinokosha kushorwa anounganidzwa uye kuchera paanotsamwa.

Udzvinyiriri pakati Bolshevik Party, pamutemo kuumbwa muna 1922. Ipapo Lenin akati chete nzira kuronga nyika chimurenga - ndiko kuti kusika rakabatana rechiKomonisiti enyika kufamba. Summer akatanga anoratidza nemiedzo pamusoro Socialist-kuipandukira. maonero akadaro chaizvo akafukidza pachaunga, waivawo anoparadzirwa hunhu. Munharaunda, pane chifananidzo vavengi uye vatengesi naye zvakanga zvakakodzera kuranga. Gare gare, tsika iyi yave zvinobudirira rakaiswa kwete chete pachinhu nyanzvi enyika vavengi, asi kuti zvizvarwa zvose, vasingagutsikane hurumende.

Udzvanyiriri pamusoro vavengi

Udzvanyiriri pamusoro kupikiswa kufamba wakarurama "echimurenga kwokugamuchirwa" uye dzimwe ruzha masirogani. Pashure vatungamiri Socialist-kuipandukira vakabatwa nemhosva, Soviet basa chakavanzika yaitungamirira Congress of chikamu webato, waiva agadzirira kubatanidza pamwe Bolsheviks. Socialist izvi inonzi "Initsiativniki". Ivo ichiputswa bato uye akabatana vaKomonisiti. Saizvozvowo, njodzi Mensheviks yakatanga.

MuSoviet Union makanga chete bato rimwe. Asi kunyange mukati RCP (B) kwakatangwa zvakafanana kwacho. Muna 1924, pashure pokufa Lenin pakati nefungu Bolsheviks kurwira simba rokutanga.

Inner-kuchenesa

Kuparapatika panhengo of VKP (b) waiva zvishoma evanhu hunhu sezvo unhu. Zvisinei, apo Stalin akava autocratic mutungamiri webato, uye naiyewo ndikabvisa ari yokungotaura muchikurukura. Vanopikisa vakabatwa nemhosva uye vakaurayiwa nokuda kworutivi ari 30s. Zvakakurukurwa enyika hurumende uye musimboti veboka udzvinyiriri kwakaita kuti udzvinyiriri mumwe murume.

The chikuru mupikisi pamusoro Stalin pakutanga raiva Leon Trotsky. Iye ari ndima pamwe Lenin akaronga October Revolution, apo Koba hapana kutaura kuti utungamiri. Imhaka ichi, Trotsky kutanga pasi udzvanyiriri. Panguva yokupedzisira akakwanisa kwenyika. Kusvikira makore mashomanana ane echimurenga aigara Mexico kusvikira akanga chigaro mumwe mumiririri yeSoviet muna 1940.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti vamwe pamusoro dzemitemo kugadzirwa Bolsheviks vakazopiwa zvinobudirira kushandiswa nevaNazi muna Third Reich. Munyika yanhasi udzvinyiriri pakati Party riri vashoma zvikuru. Nhasi, nyika pamwe nevezvematongerwo enyika riri dzechiKomonisiti China, apo vose hurumende nemasangano aya kutambwa pamwe bato, uye kupikiswa rakarambidzwa.