Kushanda gasi pasi isobaric, isothermal uye adiabatic pezvakaitwa

At chinoumba chero kupisa injini chinhu thermodynamic chakajairika sezvo basa rinoitwa ne gasi panguva kuwedzera kana marwadzo. Zvinokosha kuyeuka kuti wefizikisi kubasa inoreva quantitative nechiyero, zvinoratidza chiito mamwe mauto ari mumuviri. Maererano basa gasi, chinhu chinodiwa kuti azadzike ndiwo kushandura inzwi rayo, hapana asi chigadzirwa kwokudzvinyirira bhuku kuchinja.

gasi basa kuchinja inzwi rayo kunogona isobaric uye isothermal hunhu. Mukuwedzera, chaiko kuwedzera kwacho kungava, uye zvechisimba. basa Gas rinoitwa pasi isobaric kuwedzera, anogona kuwanikwa zvinotevera payakavakirwa:

A = pΔV,

sezvamakaropafadzwa peji - quantitative cho gasi kufurirwa, uye ΔV - musiyano pakati kwokutanga uye chokupedzisira vhoriyamu.

Muitiro upi pakuwedzera gasi iri wefizikisi kazhinji achimiririrwa kutevedzana kwezviitiko munhu ari isobaric uye isochoric mutoo. Ekupedzisira dzinoratidzwa pakuti kushanda gasi sezvo zvayo quantitative indices ndiyo razero nekuti hakuna kwebasa pisitoni iri humburumbira. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, zvinoitika kuti basa gasi pagungano zvemasanga muitiro achizosiyana maererano kuwedzera Vhoriyamu mudziyo, apo kwebasa pisitoni.

Kana tikaenzanisa basa kuitwa gasi panguva kuwedzera uye compression, izvozvo zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti panguva kuwedzera vatungamirire Vector misha iri pisitoni rinobatana pamwe Vector pakati nokurangarira simba negasi ichi pacharo Zvisinei mune scalar kukarukureta basa gasi akanaka uye nechitarisiko mauto - kunaka. Kana compressed gasi pasi mukuru kutungamirirwa kwebasa humburumbira ane chete zvokunze simba Vector, saka ravo basa zvakanaka uye kunaka kushanda gasi.

Kuongorora pfungwa "rinoitwa gasi" yaizova kukwana kana asina kukanganisa uye adiabatic kwendangariro. Under akadaro kutanga muna wethermodynamics rinoreva muitiro pasina kupisa exchange chero zvekunze miviri. Zvichibvira, somuenzaniso, pane nyaya apo mudziyo ine kushanda pisitoni inopiwa nezvakanaka kumbogadzirwa kuti mudziye. Uyezve, gasi compression kana kuwedzera pezvakaitwa inogona kuenzaniswa adiabatic kana nguva zvachinja gasi vhoriyamu iri shoma zvikuru pane nguva penguva apo chafariz zvakanyatsoenzana kunoitika pakati gasi uye akapoteredza miviri.

The anowanzodanwa vasangana hwezuva nezuva muupenyu adiabatic muitiro unogona aionekwa basa pisitoni munyaya dzomunyika injini. Musimboti izvi ndiko zvinotevera: sezvo tichiziva kubva mutemo wethermodynamics rokutanga, kuchinja munyika simba pamusoro gasi ndiyo quantitatively akaenzana basa simba, rinotungamirirwa kubva kunze. basa iri riri kutungamirira zvayo zvakanaka, uye saka dzomunyika nesimba gasi uchawedzera uye tembiricha kuwedzera pachake. Under ezvinhu kwokutanga akadaro, zviri pachena kuti pasi adiabatic gasi kuwedzera basa chichaitika nokuda rutapudzo wayo womukati simba, ukuwo, tembiricha iri izvi kuchaita kudukupiswa.