Kudzvinyirira - isimba mumwe

Mumutauro ano, pfungwa "muchivadzvinyirira" ane kunaka chaizvo ukoshi chokuita nehanya ari mutongi mukuru, tsika kodzero uye rusununguko vemunyika. In XlX vachiitsiva udzvinyiriri iri. Zvisinei, yakareba izwi rinoshandiswa sayenzi magariro. Kana maonero aya dambudziko muchivadzvinyirira - Aifananidzira-siyana pevatongi siyana hurumende, izvo akapfuma XX remakore.

Nhoroondo Nezvekwakabva shoko rokuti

Nhasi, zvinofungirwa kuti vanodzvinyirirwa - iyi ndiyo imwe yakaipisisa siyana hurumende. Zvisinei, zvakanga zvisiri nguva dzose. MuGirisi yekare, apo paivawo izwi, uye chimiro hurumende muchivadzvinyirira uye vakaita zvakanaka basa zvakare.

Vanonzi vakura muchivadzvinyirira akanga kunotangira kudhumhana achinetseka zvido aburuka kwamachinda navapfuri vesimbi. In pekufa pavanotaurirana vakauya simba passionary unhu, vanoti kudzivirirwa zvevanhu zvido. Zvinofungirwa kuti chete vanhu vane zvizere simba, vanokwanisa kudzivirira nascent gadziriro yacho polis, iyo gare gare kuva kuva hweruzhinji.

Maererano neimwe shanduro, izwi akazviratidza Anatolian mumaguta echiGiriki uye yakatanga kuonekwa Nyanduri Archilochus, uyo aidavira kuti vanodzvinyirirwa - praleniya chimiro umo simba utsinye akabvuta chigaro.

Kusiyana pakati Greek uye tsika ano

For ano murume muchivadzvinyirira - ndiko, kupfuura zvose, bhodhi, achiperekedzwa nokuda kurangwa noutsinye. Panguva iyoyowo mubati Mvumo mubvunzo hakuna kuitirwa sezvo anodzvinyirira ari ano mupfungwa kunogona zviri pamutemo akasarudzwa president democratic mamiriro.

Nokuti vaGiriki, mudzvinyiriri rakanga, kupfuura zvose, mutongi nomutemo, munhu akabvuta chigaro, vakabata simba. Zvino iyi, yakanga isina mutsindo, akaedza kuti zvakanaka kwevanhu kana vagari vayo. Aigara anodzvinyirira. chinhu ichi zvinoita kuti inofananidza chiGiriki cheshoko hurumende kuti papfuura Roman Caesarism. (тюраннис) переводится как "произвол". Self rechiGiriki τυραννίς (tyurannis) anoshandura se "zvemasanga". Saka, muchivadzvinyirira - mufananidzo hurumende, maererano vaGiriki, kwete zvachose kunzwisisa, hakusi yakakodzera Greek dzomumaguta munharaunda.

Special kuparadzira wakagamuchira muchivadzvinyirira ari mapoka Magna Grecia, uko zviwanikwa uye yakanaka ezvinhu akasika zvinhu nokuda nokukurumidza vapfume evanhu zvinobatanidzwa nepagungwa zvokutengeserana uye kurapa zvaiita yepfuma. Upfumi akabvumira kuwana pamusoro vagari nezvombo uye kubvuta saka simba guru muguta.

chimiro kwakadaro hurumende iri kunyanya kaiva kweSisiri. Yaizivikanwa ndiyo nyaya akapfuma guta Akragas (zvino Agrigento), izvo runako nokukurumidza pashure nheyo akatora pamusoro mitemo uye gumi makore noutsinye Falaris. mabhuku echiGiriki uzere nyaya yake kurerutsa utsinye: zvaaigara vakatambudzwa uye vakauraya vagari kusagutsikana kutonga zvakakangwa navo guru yemhangura muhari. Zvisinei, mune imwe tangi uye akapedzisa hwake, nguva yaakaparadza Telemachus, uyo akatungamirira rangano uyo akabvuta chigaro.

Mushure muchivadzvinyirira: vanhu Zvinoda simba

Zvinofanira kuzivikanwa kuti vanodzvinyirirwa - imwe mhando padanho iri kukura mamiriro ezvinhu muGirisi yekare, iyo, pasinei kwayo utsinye, akanga kukundwa nevaGiriki kwazvo. Pashure pemazana emakore anoverengeka noudzvinyiriri ushe uye hondo isingaperi mezhusobnyh Demos Greek vachiri akatora kutonga mitemo mumaoko avo, izvo chaizvo akanaka kukanganisa kukura tsika uye upfumi.