Musiyano mukuru kubva miriwo mhuka muchitokisi; + Table Skript

Vakawanda misiyano pakati miti nemhuka kunobuda STRUCTURAL kusiyana panguva cellular chechetere. Mune dzimwe pane mashoko vari vamwe, uye vakutarisire. Tisati tinowana musiyano mukuru pakati mhuka Sero rimwe chirimwa (ona tafura gare gare munyaya ino), ngationei kuti vane zvakafanana uye akabva kuongorora chii chinoita kuti zvakasiyana.

Animals uye miti

Iwe hunched mune nechigaro, kuverenga nyaya ino? Edza kugara twasu, utambanudzire maoko enyu kudenga utambanudzire. Anonzwa zvakanaka, zvakarurama? Uchida kana kwete, asi imi - mhuka. Masero ako - nayo zvinyoronyoro clots cytoplasm, asi unogona kushandisa tsandanyama dzako uye mapfupa, kuti simuka kufamba famba. Getorotrofy, semhuka zvose, zvinofanira kusvitsa kubva kumwewo. Kana uchinzwa nzara kana nyota, unofanira chete simuka ufambe kusvika mufiriji.

Zvino funga pamusoro zvinomera. Fungidzira munhu nemiouki vakareba kana dukuduku chipasa uswa. Ivo timire, pasina tsandanyama kana pfupa, asi vasingagoni kuenda kumwe kuwana zvokudya nezvokunwa. Plants, autotrophs asike zvigadzirwa zvavo vachishandisa rezuva simba. Kusiyana masero mhuka kubva chirimwa iri tafura №1 (ona pazasi) iri pachena, asi pane zvakafanana zhinji.

General unhu

Plant uye nemhuka masero vari eukaryotic, uye ichi ndicho kufanana kukuru. Vane neerekitironi Kamudzira-vakasungwa kuti ine majini zvinhu (DNA). The Semi-permeable yeplasma Kamudzira runopoteredza zvose marudzi masero. cytoplasm kwavo rine zvakawanda zvakafanana zvikamu uye organelles, kusanganisira ribosome, Golgi kunzwisisa, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria uye peroxisomes, uye vamwe. Nepo chirimwa nemhuka masero vari eukaryotic, uye vane zvakawanda zvakafanana, ivo vakasiyana munzira dzakawanda.

Zvinoumba chirimwa masero

Zvino ngatikurukurei zvinhu zviri chirimwa masero. Sezvo vakawanda vavo vanogona timire? Kwaniso iyi ndicho anowanikwa kuburikidza sero rusvingo kuti runopoteredza goko hwomuti masero, anotitsigira uye kuomarara uye kakawanda anovapa munhu rectangular kana hexagonal chitarisiko kana kuonekwa nemaikorosikopu. STRUCTURAL zvidzidzo zvose izvi vane makasimba akarurama chimiro uye ane chloroplasts zhinji. Madziro zvinogona zvakawanda micrometers paukobvu. sezvamunoita yavo dzinosiyana-siyana zvichienderana mapoka miti, asi ivo kazhinji ine cellulose fibers carbohydrate midzi mune chizvaro kwemapurotini nezvimwe makabhohaidhiretsi.

Cell masvingo kubatsira kuchengetedza simba. The kumanikidza kunotangira ari Absorção de Água remvura, zvikaita kuti Rigidity kwavo uye rinobvumira kuti tote kukura. Plants havagoni kuenda panzvimbo kunzvimbo, saka vanofanira kuita kuti zvokudya zvavo pachavo. Organelles akadana chloroplasts anokonzera photosynthesis. Dyarai masero ingasanganisira anoverengeka organelles izvi, dzimwe nguva mazana.

Chloroplasts wakakomberedzwa miviri Kamudzira uye ane muzvikochikari Kamudzira discs umo chaiyo pigments tibatsirwe chezuva, uye simba iri rinoshandiswa simba muti. Imwe yakakurumbira zvivako ndiyo huru nechepakati vacuoles. organelle ichi inoremekedzwa zvikuru bhuku uye takapoteredzwa Kamudzira yainzi tonoplast. Rinochengeta mvura, uyewo potassium uye chloride ions. Panongotanga muchitokisi dzinowanda, vacuole absorbs mvura uye kunobatsira amunzwire muchitokisi.

Kusiyana nemhuka kubva chirimwa masero (Table №1)

Muriwo uye mhuka STRUCTURAL dzakabatana vane zvimwe kusawirirana uye zvakafanana. Somuenzaniso, mashoko okutanga hapana muchitokisi rusvingo uye chloroplasts, vane kumativi uye irregularly zvakaumbwa, nepo chirimwa ane wakaiswa rectangular chimiro. Vose eukaryotic uye avo Zvisinei vane zvimwe zvinhu, zvakadai pamberi Kamudzira uye organelles (neerekitironi, mitochondria uye endoplasmic reticulum). Saka, funga kufanana uye kusiyana pakati chirimwa uye mhuka masero ari patafura №1:

Animals pamusoro chirimwa

Inotungamira kuna tafura "masero Difference mhuka kubva chirimwa 'mhedziso? Vose vari eukaryotic. Vane neerekitironi wechokwadi, apo DNA vaparadzana nevamwe hurongwa ari Kamudzira yenyukireya. Both mhando zvakafanana urongwa kuti kubereka, kusanganisira mitosis uye meiosis. Mhuka nezvinomera vanoda simba, vanofanira kukura uye kuti tirambe zvakajairika cellular basa iri nedanho afemeruke.

Uye ipapo, uye pane ezvirevo kuzivikanwa organelles, izvo kushandiswa kuita mabasa anodiwa kuti kwomuzvarirwo inoshanda. Hunomiririrwa kusiyana ane foni mhuka achishandisa chirimwa iri tafura vari kuzadzikiswa №1 zvimwe zvinhu. Zvakaratidza kuti vane zvakawanda zvakafanana. Uye avo uye avo vari vamwe chete zvinoriumba, kusanganisira tsanga, iyo Golgi midziyo, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, mitochondria uye zvichingodaro.

Musiyano uri pakati nomuti sero kubva hwemhuka?

Table №1 zvakafanana uye kusiyana zvinoitirwa zvakakwana pfupi. We funga izvi uye dzimwe pfungwa zvizere.

• Size. masero Animal Kazhinji iduku pane masero zvinomera. The Range wokutanga kubva 10 kusvika 30 micrometers pakureba, asi muti masero vane urefu kubvira 10 kusvika 100 micrometers.
• Form. masero Animal vauye hukuru siyana uye kazhinji vane rwakapoteredza kana kutadza chimiro. Plant zvakawanda zvakafanana pakukura uye, sezvo ushe, vane rectangular kana cubic chimiro.
• simba chengetedzo. Masero Animal kuchengetera simba ari muchimiro kunzwisisa carbohydrate (glycogen). Vegetable chitoro simba ari muchimiro starch.
• Kusiyanisa. In masero mhuka chete chokumisa masero vachikwanisa kutamira kunyika mamwe marudzi masero. Mhando dzakawanda chirimwa masero vanokwanisa Kusiyanisa.
• Growth. masero Animal kuwedzera kukura nokuda nhamba nemasero. Plant absorbs zvakawanda mvura nechepakati vacuole.
• Centrioles. Masero mhuka vanoumba cylindrical zvivako kuti aronge paungano microtubules panguva muchitokisi nokupesana. Muriwo, kazhinji dzisina centrioles.
• Cilia. Zvinowanika mumasero mhuka, asi havana chakapararira chirimwa mumasero.
• Lysosomes. organelles izvi zvine makemikari iyo kugaya kuti macromolecule. chirimwa masero kashoma ane lysosomes, basa iri kuteererwa vacuole.
• Plastids. Masero Animal vane plastids. Dyarai masero ane plastids zvakadai chloroplasts, izvo zvinodiwa photosynthesis.
• Vacuole. Masero Animal inogona vacuoles duku zhinji. Dyarai masero vane guru nechepakati vacuole zvinogona kutora kusvika 90% muchitokisi vhoriyamu.

Zvayakaita, chirimwa nemhuka masero akafanana chaizvo, ane Kamudzira-akasungwa organelles akadai musimboti, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi midziyo, lysosomes uye peroxisomes. Vose dzinewo yakafanana Kamudzira, cytosol uye cytoskeletal zvinhu. Mashandiro organelles aya uyewo akafanana chaizvo. Zvisinei, kusiyana duku chirimwa masero kubva kumhuka (Table №1), izvo kuripo pakati pavo, ndizvo chaizvo zvinokosha uye rinomirira musiyano iri mashandiro foni nerimwe.

Saka, taiita tikaenzanisa chirimwa nemhuka masero, kuti uzive kuti avo kufanana uye kusiyana. Ndivo zvakakurumbira urongwa mamiriro, zvemakemikari pezvakaitwa uye akafanana, uye weboka majini remitemo.

Panguva iyoyowo, zviduku chairema vangasimudzira yakasiyana nzira kudya.