Iyo yakakura huru yezvinomera zvinowanikwa muRussia - chivimbiso chemagetsi mumba

Kupisa simba kwemasimba ndiyo nzira inowanikwa zvikuru yekugadzira magetsi. Zvinopfuura makumi manomwe nemashanu kubva muzana emagetsi muRussian Federation inobudiswa zvakajeka nemagetsi ezvitoro. Kune zvikonzero zvakasiyana siyana zvekusarudza TPP muunyanzvi hwemagetsi: mari shoma yekuvaka nekuremekedza kune dzimwe mhando dzekuzvarwa, mari shoma yekugadzirwa kwemagetsi nekuda kwekushandisa kwemalahle, mafuta emafuta uye gasi rezvisikwa, kugadzirwa kwezvinhu-izvo (mvura inopisa nemhepo), kuvakwa kunobvira munharaunda ipi neipi, kunyange nenzvimbo yakaoma uye yakaoma Mamiriro ekunze.

Kuve-kuora kwemamiriro ezvinhu nekuda kwehuwandu hwekhabhoni dioxide uye sopu inokonzera mumhepo, kushanda zvakanaka, pasi.

Nzira yekuwana magetsi yakajeka zvakakwana - nekuda kwesimba rakabudiswa, jenereta shaft inotenderera, mashizha anotanga kutenderera uye ikozvino inogadzirwa.

Iko huru yezvinotyisa zvinomera muRussia ndeye Surgutskaya-2, Reftinskaya, Kostromskaya, Surgutskaya-1, uye Ryazanskaya GRES. Inotsanangurwa semamiriro ehurumende ematunhu.

Surgutskaya GRES-2

Surgutskaya GRES-2 inotanga runyora rwe "5 mashizha makuru emasero eRussia". Muti mukuru wegetsi muhurumende. Inowanikwa muguta re Surgut, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area.

Yakatanga kushanda muna 1985. Simba guru rine 6400 MW. Iko mafuta anoshanda ari mafuta uye gasi chaiwo.

Chido chekuvakwa chakasimuka muchikamu chechipiri chemakumi manomwe. Kwemakore anopfuura gumi, Surgut yava chinhu chikuru chekugadzirwa kwemafuta. Munguva pfupi, musha muduku wakashanda wakakura kusvika pakukura kweguta rose. Simba rakasununguka rakava risingaperi.

Reftinskaya GRES

Reftinskaya GRES inotora chikamu chechipiri munyaya ye "Great thermal power plants muRussia". Nzvimbo yacho iri makiromita zana kubva kuYekaterinburg. Ichi ndicho chikuru chakakura chinomera chemafuta chinoshanda paEkibastuz malahle. Apo kutsvaira mafuta kunoshandiswa. Zvose zvinokwana mamiriyoni 3800, nhamba yemasimba masimba ndeyegumi.

Kuvakwa kwenhamba yechipiri yezita re "Mukurusa TPPs yeRussia" yakatanga muna 1963. Kutumirwa kwekutanga kokutanga masimba kwakaitika muna 1970. Unhu hwebasa racho hwakanyatsoongororwa nehutungamiri hwemukati. Reftinskaya GRES zvechokwadi chivako chezana remakore. Kusvika iye zvino, chivako chacho chinoumba chikamu chehafu yemagetsi inoshandiswa neSverdlovsk.

Kostromskaya GRES

Nzvimbo yechitatu munorongwa we "Zvikuru zvinotyisa zvinomera muRussia" zvinotorwa neKostromskaya GRES. Iyo iri mumoyo wechikamu cheEuropean reRussia, muVolgorechensk, pamabhandi eGoli Volga.

Chivako chakashandiswa muna 1969. Iyo mafuta makuru anoshandiswa gasi chaiwo. Kana zvichidikanwa, kune mukana wekushandura kuisa mafuta. Nhamba yose yezvikwata zvemasimba zvipfumbamwe. Zvose zvinokwana mamiriyoni 3600.

Kureba kweimwe yemimitsu yemasitadhi iyi mamita 320 - ndiyo imwe yezvinhu zvakakwirira zvenyika.

Muma1960 nyika yakatanga kukura. Izvi zvaifambiswa nehuwandu hwevashandi nevashanyi, iyo yaibatanidza nekuvandudzwa kwekutakura mvura. Kushaya simba kwesimba kwakamanikidza zviremera kuti zvive nekugadzirisa purojekiti mune imwe nzira yakakurumidza, iyo yakaiswa mubhuku re "Mukurusa TPPs muRussia".

Nzvimbo yacho yakasiyana nedzeyo nguva yayo - yakatanga kufambira mberi kwakanyanya kupfuura masayendisiti. Simba inowanikwa munzvimbo dzinopfuura makumi mana dzeRussian Federation, uye zvakare kutumira kune dzimwe nyika dzakapoteredza.

Surgutskaya GRES-1

Mutsamba ye "Mukurusa TPPs yeRussia", urongwa huchave husina kukwana pasina Surgutskaya GRES-1, iyo yakazorora zvinyararire muchina. Inowanikwa muguta reChiput, kutumirwa kwakaitwa muna 1972. Ipamusoro-soro yenzvimbo yacho is 3268 MW. TPP inopupurirwa maererano nemitemo yenyika ISO: 9001.

Ryazan chigaro chechiremera chemagetsi

Nzvimbo yechishanu inotorwa neRyazan yenharaunda yepamusoro-soro magetsi (rimwe zita rinonzi Novomichurinskaya). Kuvakwa kwakatanga muna 1968. Kutumirwa kwakaitika muna 1973 muNovicichurinsk.

Simba rechitanhatu rinogadzira 3070 MW magetsi. Iyo mafuta anoshandiswa ishuzha rehute. Reserve - gesi uye mafuta emafuta.

Iko kushongedzwa kwemahofisi aya maviri ematanda eutsi utatu mamita makumi maviri nemakumi maviri pakureba. Uye mamwe maviri maviri esimbi, mamita zana nemakumi masere. Akashongedzerwa nemazuva ano ekudengenyeka kwenzira.

Mhedziso

TPPs vave vakavimbika vanobatsira kwemakore mazhinji. Kushandisa zvisina kushandiswa kunovimbisa upenyu hurefu hwebasa. Uine nzvimbo dzakakura uye dzine simba, iwe unogona kuva nechivimbo mune ramangwana risingadi.