Interesting zvinhu pamusoro muchadenga, muchadenga kunoongorora uye mapuraneti

Interesting zvinhu pamusoro muchadenga, kazhinji zvinokwezva zvakawanda vaverengi pose. Zvakavanzika uye zvakavanzika zvose havagoni kukundikana fadza zvatingafungidzira. Chii chiri ipapo, mupristi akakwira mudenga? Pane Dzimwe nyika dzomuchadenga dzine? nguva yakawanda sei kutora kuenda pedyo renyeredzi?

Bvumiranai, mhinduro dzemibvunzo iyi ndinoda kuti munhu wose, pasinei nezera, kuti munhui, kana, muti, kuti munzanga. Danae dzichadzamisa nezvoUmambo zvinofadza zvikuru chokuita nzvimbo uye muchadenga kunoongorora. Vaverengi vachadzidza zvakawanda pamusoro chii kare haana pfungwa.

Section 1. wegumi yemapuraneti zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri

Muna 2003, masayendisiti US akaziva mhiri Pluto mumwe chete - wegumi - nyika orbiting zuva. Iye ainzi Eris. Izvi zvakaitwa kuti anoonga pave zvemazuva ano, makumi emakore anoverengeka akapfuura zvakadaro zvinonakidza zvinhu pamusoro nzvimbo uye mapuraneti, masayendisiti haana kuziva. Gare gare akaronga kuti mhiri Pluto panewo zvimwe dzinongoitika nzvimbo zvinhu, izvo nemijenya nyanzvi pamwe Pluto uye Eris pakuzivikanwa transplutonian.

Kufarira masayendisiti kuti ichangobva kuwanikwa mapuraneti kunokonzerwa kwete bedzi chido riongorore rokunze nzvimbo iri pfupi pedyo (ari muchadenga mitemo) Pasi rino. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti pasi idzva kugamuchira vanhu kana zvakakodzera. Zvinokoshawo kuti kuongorora chii ngozi chivako chitsva kuenderera mberi noupenyu Panyika.

Mamwe masayendisiti nzvimbo vanodavira kuti zvinofadza zvine chokuita nzvimbo zvavo uye kudzidza zvinhu wegumi nyika zvikurukuru kunogona kubatsira pakugadzirisa zvakavanzika chokuita zvinowanikwa zvinosanganisira kupeperetswa, kuvapo pasi zvivako chikuru uye havana kuwana tsananguro chaiye hofori chirimwa madenderedzwa.

Chikamu 2: The chisinganzwisisike shamwari mwedzi

Ko zvakakwana zvaizivikanwa earthlings zvose mwedzi akabata zvakavanzika zhinji? Zvechokwadi, zvinofadza zvikuru chokuita muchadenga zvinoratidza kuti kuongorora kweNyika inovanza yakawanda chakavanzika. Pano inongova mimwe mibvunzo, mhinduro iyo hakuna zvakadaro.

• Nei mwedzi ine guru kukura kwakadaro? In redu renzou hakuchine dzinongoitika satellites, kufanana ari kukura kusvika Moon - ndiko 4 chete nguva duku pane musha redu!
• Sei tingati ndechokuti dhayamita pamusoro Disc mwedzi munguva zvachose zuva rose richiora zvakakwana anovhara Disc?
• Nei Moon kutenderera munyika dzinenge vakakwana tenderera muchadenga? Zvakaoma chaizvo kutsanangura, kunyanya kana tikayeuka kuti kutenderera vamwe kuvazivisa dzinongoitika satellites sainzi vari ellipses.

Section 3. kupi mapatya paNyika

Masayendisiti anoti Panyika ane mapatya. Zvakaratidza kuti musha redu zvakafanana zvikuru Titan, inova Satellite kuna Saturn. Titan ane makungwa, makomo anoputika uye mhepo bhegi batana! Nitrogen iri kuitika Titan chaizvo zvakafanana mune kubva muzana mashoko uyewo munyika - 75%! Uyu kufananidzwa zvinoshamisa, izvo, chokwadi, rinoda tsananguro nesayenzi.

Sezvineiwo, hapana uchapupu dzomuchadenga pamusoro Titan. Asi, zvichida, tsvaga pane chinyakare venyama pasi pano haisi tariro. Ongororo dzakaratidza kuti pose rukoko rurefu mwero Mukana ndiwo munyanza, 90% zvinosanganisira mvura. Sezviri pachena, zvinonakidza zvinhu pamusoro muchadenga ubanguranyika kuchiri kuuya!

Chikamu 4: Chakavanzika Red Planet

Red nyika yacho zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri, sezvo tichiziva, inonzi Mars. Zvakakodzera mamiriro upenyu - the anoumba chadenga, mukana pamberi reservoirs, tembiricha - izvi zvose zvinopupurira chokwadi kuti kutsvaka vapenyu venyama pasi pano, dzinenge mumamiriro chimiro, nebesperspektivny.

Zvinonzi kunyange anotsigirwa nesainzi, kuti Mars ane lichens uye mosses. Izvi zvinoreva kuti nyore chimiro zvikuru yakarongwa zvinenge zviripo pamuviri ichi zvokudenga. Zvisinei, kufambira mberi muzvidzidzo zvake zvakaoma chaizvo. Zvichida huru dambudziko chinokonzera ndiko guru kure Nyika Mars, inova dzinongoitika chinodzivirira kuti zvakananga kudzidza nyika - nyika Flights pakati muchadenga kunoongorora kuchiri zvishoma chaizvo nokuda kukwana rwokugadzira.

Section 5. Nei kurega kubhururuka kumwedzi

Vazhinji zvinonakidza zvinhu pamusoro muchadenga ndege kwakabatana yedu dzinongoitika Satellite. VokuAmerica pamusoro mwedzi kumhara, zvakanzi akaedzwa kubudikidza Russian uye Eastern nyanzvi. Zvisinei, zvakavanzika zviripo.

Pashure rakabudirira kutizira Moon uye kumhara pamusoro wayo pechiso (Chokwadi, kana izvi zvinhu zvechokwadi aiva nzvimbo kuva!) Program kudzidza rwokuzvarwa Satellite rave kushanda yakadhirika. budiriro iyi gahadziko. Chaizvoizvo, chii ichocho?

Zvichida vamwe kunzwisisa dambudziko rinouya kana iwe funga mashoko ari American asitironati Armstrong akafamba pamusoro mwedzi, kuti ndiwo yepasi pose muviri ari akatowana chimiro ichi muupenyu, pakurwisa iro vanhu haana mukana wokupona. Zvinosuruvarisa, voruzhinji ranyura hapana chinozivikanwa pamusoro chii chaizvoizvo kuziva masayendisiti.

Pasinei chokwadi kuti kutiza chitundumusere-musere pamwe muchadenga kunoongorora kumwedzi amira, chakavanzika ichi Satellite inoshamisa kunokonzeresa atambudzwe vatsvakurudzi munyika. Kujeka ari magineti, kunyanya kana nyaya iri pedyo yepasi pose mitemo, napedyo.

Section 6. nzvimbo chimbuzi

Uvhure zvinobudirira kushanda ezvinhu ose weightlessness, upenyu-rutsigiro gadziriro - iri basa rakaoma chaizvo. sewerage hurongwa vanofanira kumhanya zvakanaka, ichipa kuchengetera biowaste uye nenguva buditsa anowanzoitwa.

Pakutanga chikepe uye kubuda muchadenga haagari chimwe chinhu sei kushandisa chaiwo manapukeni. Ezvemutauro izvi anokubatsirai kupa kwekanguva, asi zvaioneka chaizvo kunyaradzwa.

Interesting zvinhu pamusoro kwevanhu ndege yokutanga muchadenga zvinoratidza kuti pakutanga kusikwa utsanana mano kuti muchadenga kunoongorora zvakabatanidzwa zvikuru kukosha. Cherechedzai rwakabhadharwa kuna nomumwe anatomi taita nhengo. The kuitika yokusvika yokusimbisa utano chitundumusere-musere mapazi akatonyanya-chinja.

Section 7. Mashura mundege

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvinofadza zvine chokuita nzvimbo uye muchadenga kunoongorora vasakanganise uye vari hwezuva nezuva. vanhuwo upenyu nguva, zvakadai tsika uye zvaunotenda.

Vazhinji vanoti muchadenga kunoongorora - chinhu kwamanenji chaizvo vanhu. kufarirwa Vakawanda vakadaro kuti kuvhiringidzika. Ichokwadi here? Kutaura zvazviri, muchadenga kunoongorora kuzvibata zvakadaro kuti zvinoita sokuti vari havavimbiki chaizvo vanhu nzira. Hazvo muchitiza atora sumbu gavakava, munhuwi wakafanana nowenyika zvavo yechizvarigo. Pakutanga wokuRussia chitundumusere-musere nguva dzose zvinosanganisira rwiyo "Nyika kuburikidza kakomba."

Inotanga musi Monday, Sergei Korolev haana kufanana, uye kunyange akatsungirira kutanga pamusoro yakasiyana musi, pasinei kukonana panyaya iyi. tsanangudzo yakajeka haana kutendera munhu. Kana muchadenga kunoongorora achiri vakatanga kutanga neMuvhuro, nevanhu anotambudzika sezvineiwo, ari nhamba tsaona (!).

October 24 - ndiwo musi unokosha chokuita zvinosuwisa muna Baikonur (kuputika ane ballistic chombo 1960), saka, sezvo mutemo, nhasi haasisina kuitwa panguva kanda nzvimbo basa.

Section 8. isingazivikanwi zvinonakidza zvinhu pamusoro pezvakasikwa uye Russian nzvimbo chirongwa

Nhoroondo Russian nzvimbo indasitiri - wakajeka maitikiro. Zvinoshamisa, masayendisiti, vagadziri uye mainjiniya akakwanisa vabudirire. Asi, zvinosuruvarisa kwave njodzi. Space ubanguranyika - iyi ndiyo nzvimbo akaoma chokuita basa ezvinhu akanyanyisa.

Nokuti vaya anokoshesa nhoroondo nzvimbo ubanguranyika, migwagwa uye ruzivo pamusoro zvinokosha kubudirira kukura nzvimbo indasitiri, uye sezviduku, uye haana kunyange kukosha uchapupu.

• Vanhu vangani vanoziva kuti shongwe Yuriyu Gagarinu muna Star City ane inonakidza chinowanikwa - muruoko rworudyi rokutanga cosmonaut clamped Daisy?
• Chakatishamisa wokutanga zvipenyu, uyo akaenda nzvimbo yokufamba, aiva njiva, kwete imbwa, sezvinofungwa nevakawanda vakatenda.
• emapuranga kutevedzera uye ino mamiriro, daro pakati pavo kwakanga 300? km - kunyengedza muvengi, 2 cosmodrome yakavakwa muna 50s remakore rechi20.

Section 9. Funny matongo uye zvinofadza zvine chokuita nzvimbo vana uye vakuru

Opening iri nzvimbo indasitiri, yakazozivikanwa kuruzhinji, uye dzimwe nguva une kusetsa hunhu, pasinei chaiyo yesayenzi ukoshi.

• Saturn - nyika zviri nyore chaizvo. Kana kufungidzira kuti unogona kupedza ruzivo kuti kunyudzwa yaro mvura, zvichiita kuti tione sei nyika ino chinoshamisa kuti kuyangarara pamusoro pemvura.
• Jupiter kuti saizi zvokuti mukati rino zvaunogona "nzvimbo" zvose mapuraneti izvo kutama mukutenderera muchadenga vakapoteredza zuva.
• A shoma akazivisa chokwadi - wokutanga nyeredzi katarogu pamusoro Hipparchus aiva musayendisiti iri kure chaizvo kwatiri 150 BC
• Kubvira muna 1980, "Lunar Embassy" ari kutengesa kwokurangana womudenga pamusoro - kuti zvevakomana, izvozvo akatotanga kutengeswa 7% pakati pemvura mwedzi (!).
• Kugadzira chinyoreso aigona kunyora muna razero giravhiti, vanotsvakurudza US vakapedza mamiriyoni emadhora (cosmonauts Russian zvaishandiswa chitundumusere-musere Anotiza, achinyora penzura, uye hapana dambudziko).

10. The kupfuura kujairika mashoko ne NASA

Pakati NASA kakawanda zvaigoneka kunzwa mashoko vakanga vachinzwisisa sezvo kujairika uye inoshamisa.

• Kunze ezvinhu pano regiravhiti muchadenga kunoongorora vanotambura "nzvimbo urwere" zviratidzo zviri marwadzo uye svoto nokuda vakamonyanisa kushanda yomukati nzeve.
• The Urume mumuviri ruchigona asitironati musoro, saka pane blockage mhino uye chiso ndiyo puffy.
• Kukura munhu nzvimbo kunova hombe sezvo vomanikidza nomuzongoza ipfupi.
• Ngonono panyika vanhu mumamiriro ezvinhu ose weightlessness muchiroto hazvirevi emit chero ruzha!