Interesting zvinhu pamusoro dandemutande. Kirasi Arachnids: 10 zvinonakidza zvinhu

kutyisidzira uye kwete nguva dzose maonero dzinofadza ake madandaude, pasinei duku kukura, vane zvinopfuura hafu vanhu kukonzera zvinenge nezvavasingadi. Zvichakadai, pane avo vanochengeta vave dzinovaraidza, pamwe hamsters uye remaparrot. Wakambofunga sei zvakawanda tinoziva pamusoro vamiririri chikamu chino mhuka nyika? Tinoratidza kuti udzidze zvakawanda pamusoro kirasi Arachnida, kusanganisira 10 zvinonakidza zvinhu pamusoro dandemutande ichaita kushamisa, uye zvimwe zvichaita zvinoshamisa iwe.

Kirasi rinobatanidza boka guru akasiyana uye kwete zvakafanana nomumwe arthropods. Inoitwa matavi matatu: nezvinyavada, mites uye madandaude; zvose - 114 zviuru marudzi, kusanganisira anenge 2,000 zvicherwa. Kupfuura vakawanda rechipiri nerechitatu mapoka - 55 uye 44 zviuru vamiririri azvaitwa .. Kare sezvo boka Arachnida - Arachnida. Rinobva mutauro wechiGiriki uye, maererano imwe shanduro, nokuda Arachne - romubati romuruki. Vanozvitutumadza, akati runopfuura racho umhizha Athena pacharo, uye akamukumbira mumakwikwi. Pamwe chete kuzivikanwa nayo akagashira mwarikadzi hasha uye ikava dandemutande, vakatongerwa zvachose kuti micheka uye kuti zvakabatira flow dzavo. Zvimwe zviri munhoroondo iyi inogona zvakanaka kutanga zvose zvinofadza zvinhu pamusoro dandemutande.

Kukura uye mamiriro

Vamiririri Class vari ubiquitous, asi vacho pano vagari, munewo vagere Freshwater uye mumwe zvomumvura mhuka. Kukura arthropods izvi vakapararira munzvimbo kuwanda microns kakawanda makumi masendimita. The mamiriro okusiyanisa mapoka maviri: opistosomu (dumbu) uye mapfunde (cephalothorax), akatakura muzvidimbu chelicerae, pedipalps uye kufamba nemakumbo. All arachnids muviri akafuka mutete cuticle kuti chitin. Madandaude nezvinyavada vari kushandiswa miviri - yadonosny midziyo, uye pakutanga uyewo kugadzira. Maererano mhando zvokudya zvinenge zvose arachnids - zvikara, uye vashoma dzemarudzi dzakashandisa kudyara zvokudya.

Zvino isu muchindivigira kuwana kupfuura kujairika uye zvinofadza zvine chokuita arachnids (Arachnid), uye chete pamusoro madandaude sendarama akakurumbira uye enigmatic veboka.

Chokwadi №1: pamusoro kukura

Taiwanzogara kuona madandaude duku pamusha kana mumugwagwa, asi regai kunyange kufunga nezvokuti kumwe achitsva musango yeSouth America anorarama chikuru maererano nezvinodiwa boka mhando - mumwe Goliath Birdeater (yaifananidzira pazasi), anozivikanwa pasi zita tarantula Goliath. muviri miganhu vanosvika kusvika masendimita 10, uye kupararira makumbo 25-30 cm. It anokwanisa andobata mbeva, matatya uye toads, madzvinyu, uye maererano nevamwe, shiri duku.

Chokwadi №2: padandemutande

Utandande chinhu muchivande, secreted mumasero anokosha, riri mudenga nokukurumidza anoomesa uye rinova yaizivikanwa tose kuumba. Its makemikari hunhu - mapuroteni sezvamunoita pedyo sirika shinda. Izvi ndizvo anozivikanwa vekirasi arachnids. Interesting nezvendima dzakawanda web. Iye dzakaonda chaizvo uye chiedza, asi panguva imwe chete usingazununguki. Saka, dandemutande uremu, izvo zvinogona oplesti yose nyika ichava chete zvishoma kupfuura 300 magiramu.

Asi panguva imwe chete, kana iwe kufungidzira kuti vakakosa kubva dandemutande shinda sezvo gobvu sebhanditiwo penzura, zvino anokwanisa kumisa ndege. Kudeuka web-kurukiswa krupnoryady vaNefirimu. Vari ainziwo mabhanana madandaude uye ane muviri kukura kusvika 4 cm uye yezvinoreva makumbo -. Masendimita 12 guru munyika yakafara Web hwakanyorwa ichangodarika muna Mantadii (National Park) kuMadagascar. The dhayamita of "chokunyengera pomumbure" raiva 25 mamita. Iye vairuka chishamiso Darwin dandemutande. Aongorora zvinoitwa web, vatsvakurudzi vakasvika pakugumisa kuti rakasiyana nesimba kupfuura vose dzimwe mhando 10 nguva.

Chokwadi №3: pamusoro kubereka

Pakati madandaude zvakajeka akacherechedza pabonde dimorphism, vakadzi akakura (dzimwe nguva zvinokosha) vanhurume, kunze vanorarama kwenguva yakareba. Izvi imhaka zvinoverengeka. Chokutanga, vanhurume vakawanda kwemarudzi pashure isa fotereza mazai, vakauraya pachavo, uye chepiri vanogona kuuraya mukadzi. Interesting zvinhu pamusoro arthropods (Arachnids mune iyi) kunge zvisingaiti pasina kudoma wakashata chirikadzi dema (Black weChirikadzi). Its uturu toxicity vanhu nguva rattlesnake ngozi. Zita dandemutande nokuti kuti pashure muchangosangana, kazhinji, kungova munhukadzi anodya murume. Kuwanda mazai akateya anogona kusvika 20 zviuru.

Chokwadi №4: uturu

"Guinness World Records" muna 2010 vakaziva rudzi wokuBrazil kutsvakatsvaka dandemutande chepfu mune simba uye uwandu mhuka. rwokuzvarwa dzinogarisana ndeyevanyori Central uye South America. Genus, maererano achangopfuura data, mhando sere, yokupedzisira wakashamira ichangopfuura - muna 2001. uturu yavo ine ngozi uye simba neurotoxin kuti chepfu pfungwa kunoita kuti dzisingadzorwi tsandanyama sunga uye kunosanganisira kufema kusungwa. Zvisinei, pane mushonga inobudirira kuti akazoita nhamba yevanofa kushoma.

Chokwadi №5: nezvezvokudya

Way kudya uye kudya zvikuru kuvimba mhando. Saka, vamwe vamiririri dandemutande anogona kutsanya mashomanana kuti gore. Zvisinei, vanonakidza zvinhu zvipenyu (Arachnids tine mupfungwa, zvikurukuru) kwaizova kukwana pasina nokufungidzira munhevedzano "Ko kana?" Saka, kunyange kana nzara wavanozvisunga vamwe mhando madandaude kudya nokuti gore yose biomass zvinopfuura bhuku vanhu vose. Ndiko, kana vodya vanhu, zviri nyore kuti kutiitira kwamazuva matatu.

Madandaude - ndivo vavhimi, asi ivo vanowana zvokudya zvavo nenzira dzakasiyana. Somuenzaniso, Mambokadzi Chakabva nehove. Parinoti Utava yemiti miviri, izvozvo lowers vewakasununguka shinda ne mumate ose secretions pakupedzisira uye pakurinda. Rekukwazisa vanokwanisa akuvara, rwunotanga achazunungusa "hunoshandiswa", saka kukwezva kuteerera. Moths nezvimwe tumbuyu, vachiomerera, hadzichina mukana usununguke uye dandemutande anotanga kudhonza shinda zvinyoronyoro shure inozviitira.

Chokwadi №6: zvakare nezvezvokudya

Interesting zvinhu pamusoro dandemutande nehanya kwete chete sei arthropods izvi kunovhima uye vadye. Kwete nguva dzose dandemutande anosarudza nedambudziko, iye anowana kakawanda. Zvinonzi anozivikanwa kuvapo dzinodyiwa zvinhu, uye iwe unogona kunyange kuedza mahara kuwana. Kunyanya inozivikanwa zvakawanda chili kwakadaro zvekumwe Asian. Uye kunyange chepfu tarantula waro dzinogarisana weSpanish vanhu (Cambodia, Laos) anofara yokugochera pamoto. Zvino munzira dzakawanda rinoshanda kukwezva kuziva vashanyi.

Chokwadi №7: Spider-miriwo

Uchinyora dzinonakidza zvinhu pamusoro dandemutande, kirasi izvi hazvibviri tisingatauri mumiriri. Vazhinji madandaude - nezvikara. Zvisinei, zvose mitemo, sezvo tichiziva, pane kunze, muchiitiko ichi - Bagheera Kipling. A duku dandemutande inopenya ruvara (yaifananidzira) anogara acacias uye anodya uswa. Zvinonzi kuzivikanwa kuti mumakore nzara uye kushaya zvokudya, vanogona anozodzidza kudya vanhu.

Chokwadi №8: kunovhima

Weaving wemaoresa rezvebonde - zvizhinji haana madandaude zvose. Kune vaya vanoshandisa dzakaonda shinda chete sechinhu mashoko yokuvaka dzimba umo hadzi mazai aro mune ramangwana. Kusvetuka dandemutande zvinoshingaira masikati uye vavhimi vane unopinza chiratidzo. Vane chinofadza hydraulic hurongwa womuviri, iyo rinobvumira BP somugumisiro kuchinja kuwedzera pabazi uye kuti akasvetuka pamusoro kure. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti, pamberi vakaita pavo, kuti dandemutande anotora zvokungwarira uye yakasimbiswa gossamer shinda kunzvimbo yepakutanga. Pamufananidzo pazasi pfumbu EHD.

Chokwadi nhamba 9: upenyu anotarisirwa

Kutaura chokwadi pamusoro sei mhenyu madandaude zhinji zvakaoma. We chete kuziva kuti kanenge - zviri kumusoro pakuyaruka uye kuberekesana (kubva inoverengeka kuti gore). ari kuti, munhu paanofa pashure pokunge ashumira chinangwa chawo - kuberekana. Zvisinei, kuti zvinonakidza zvinhu pamusoro arachnids hazvo kuva tarantulas. Ivo vanotsigira zvechokwadi muupenyu, kunyange zvazvo kunobva pasi. Vanhurume kutanga kufa pashure kuberekesana. Nhunzvi, nekusiyana, vanogona kurarama kwemakore, kunyange makumi emakore. Zvinonzi kuzivikanwa kuti vari nhapwa zvaidiwa ose ezvinhu evamwe specimens richisvika makore 30.

Chokwadi №10: pamusoro pezvinyavada

zvichida zvisikwa izvi zvinoshamisa ndivo arthropods kupfuura kare, izvo kamwe dzakabuda gungwa kunyika (anopfuura mamiriyoni 400 apfuura), kunyange kukura nguva yavo chaizvo chaizvo - kusvika 1 mamita pakureba. Current maonero vari zvikuru nomwero kukura. The Kudeuka mumiririri boka - mambo chinyavada (masendimita 20), ruduku - vanenge 13 mm. Vanodya chete kurarama zvokudya, mvura, usanwa, nokutsanya makore maviri okuberekwa. Most uturu ndiyo veIsrael mumiririri chinyavada, izvo chinoita kuti 90% yevanhu vose vakafa kubva kuruma arthropods muna North Africa.

Uyu dandemutande ngozi chaizvo. Interesting zvinhu pamusoro nezvinyavada kupedza pamusoro 10 mashoko zvinoshamisa pamusoro mukirasi iyi arthropods. Zvisinei, ichi hachisi yose list, nokuti hunhu nehwemweya nokuti munhu yakawanda zvakavanzwa achiri.