Imba Kushivirira - chii ichi? Nei zita shiviriro imba

Munyika yanhasi kashoma vasangana se "imba woufeve" mutsara yakadaro. Iri ndiro izwi kuti aimbova zvakajairika chaizvo muEurope uye kunyange Tsarist Russia. Asi pamusoro nguva mutsara chakasara zvachose kushandiswa uye zvino kuwanikwa chete mumabhuku kana unyanzvi mafirimu. Saka, ndiko yepfambi - chii ichi?

zvichireva

Kana ukanyatsoongorora peruse duramazwi, unogona kuwana tsanangudzo anojekesa okuti "imba hwechipfambi". Izwi iri rinorondedzera nzvimbo vakadzi nyore kunaka. Ivo chokurarama nacho nokutengesa muviri wake, kuti chipfambi.

Anoramba: anoreva zvakafanana

Munhoroondo mukuru wokupupura, unomedurirwa pfambi, yakaitwa yakawanda establishments zita anoreva zvakafanana, apo vakadzi tengesa pachavo. Inonyanya kufarirwa uye inozivikanwa vavo - chinhu yepfambi, iyo yepfambi imba, uye kushivirira. Zvisinei, kunyange munyika yekare maiva nenzvimbo nemazita avo kujairika, apo vanhu angapedza akasununguka nguva yako mafaro uye nevasikana yakanaka.

A vachitova nhoroondo mubvunzo

Hazvizivikanwi paakatanga akazviratidza mukadzi nyore kunaka, asi zvichida vari zvachose chizenga yebudiriro kwevanhu. Kunyange muIjipiti, Ancient Greece neMesopotamiya chipfambi aizivikanwa basa, kuti icho kambani hanya anoshivirira zvikuru. Nokuti vazhinji mararamiro ekare imba hwepachena yakanga zvachose dzinongoitika chakajairika, uyezve, kunyange madzimambo uye vatongi havana kuzeza kushandisa mabasa kwevakadzi uori, vakanga kazhinji pakati vakadzidza zvikuru vanhu vari mudunhu.

yepfambi apo kuziva guta akasangana nerunako - somuenzaniso, panguva kupikidura ari matongo rePompeii dzakafukurwa Lupanar. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti zita tsika rinobva pashoko rechiLatin iro rinogona kushandurudzwa se "hure." Zvinozivikanwa kuti vaRoma vakanga chaizvo vakadzi vakakwanisa kwete chete kufadza vanhu pamubhedha, asi kuvaraidza kutaura. Kazhinji, vakadzi ava vanobudirira uye zvemari chinhanho, nekuti vakanga mumwe kana vaviri akapfuma vanoitisana. An dzinonakidza ndechokuti muRoma yekare kuva pfambi aigona zvachose mukadzi upi, akati ichi vari magistracy. Akatambira mvumo chaiyo kushanda uye aifanira kupfeka yero nemapfekero tsvuku shangu. Stories vari zviitiko apo kunyange mudzimai nousiku vatongi vakashanda pfambi.

KuMiddle Ages zvakanga zvakapararira chinhu chakadai "chisingakoshi bordello", apo vaishanda kuti vasikana vaduku vasina imwe nzira kuwana raramo. Vapristi vari kushingaira kuedza kubvisa chipfambi sezvo kutanga uye akatsvaka zvachose pachena guta Zvifeve, asi vakakundikana kuparadza dzepfambi. Kunyanya zvaibudirira vanoda nyika - France.

French dzepfambi

Ndinoda kujekesa kuti kwete saka kare okuti "imba woufeve" akazviratidza muEurope. Kutsunga (kunyange kuva siyanei inzwi pamwe dzakafanana kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro mutoro) chakaitika munguva French Revolution, apo achishingaira kuchinja maonero nzanga uye ukama aro netsika. Mugore regumi namasere remakore, French akasarudza maererano echimurenga yokuti mafungiro kuti priestesses norudo kuti munyika zvikuru kushivirira. Saka, mabasa avo inonyoreswa uye vagari France vaisungirwa mumutemo kuvabata noruremekedzo. Dzepfambi vave kunzi muimba wokubvumira kuti kare inozivikanwa neDare zita chaizvo nzira vakadzi vanofanira kuona uori French.

Kushivirira dzimba dzaiva chaizvo nevakawanda munyika rudo uye dzorudo, negore regumi namasere pfambi remakore akaita pfuma dzavo kushandira maviri kana matatu. Pashure pezvose, vatengi kazhinji inobhadharwa navo mudzimba dzavo dzichapambwa zvishongo French vairemekedzwa. Vakadzi vazhinji pakupedzisira retires uye akazarura dzepfambi dzavo sezvo vachiri kakawanda akataura zvakafanana masangano Europe.

Uye zvakadini Russia? Sezvatakurukura rokuti "imba woufeve"? Chinhu chinonakidza akanaka nyaya kuti rinofanira vainyatsotarisirwa. Asi yeuka izvozvo.

Nei zita shiviriro imba

Isati hondo Napoleon aiva izwi rake Russia, dzakanga dzinoratidzwa masangano pamwe vakadzi nyore kunaka. Vanowanzodanwa kuti yepfambi, kureva nzvimbo zvavari kuita ufeve uye utere. Asi Hondo 1812 kwakachinja mafungiro Russian zvishoma masangano akadaro.

Raiva French akauya navo pfungwa "Imba Kushivirira", asi muna Russia yava vakashanduka zvishoma uye zvava zvinzwisiswe vomunyika yedu kurira - a yepfambi. Izvi zvaireva kuti chii chiri kuitika seri kwemasvingo paruzhinji masangano kunoshorwa, asi achine nzvimbo. Tinogona kutaura kuti kambani vakarerutsa pfambi pachavo uye basa ravo.

Russia: kubvumidza dzimba

Sezvineiwo, muRussia pamberi Revolution pakati 1917, chipfambi akanga pamutemo basa, uye akatopa pavasikana vamwe zvakanakira uye zvakanakira. Chokwadi, mumwe nomumwe muprisitikadzi rudo yaifanira pamutemo sezvo zvinosimbisa akatambira gwaro pamwe yero butiro. Pasina iye, aisagona kupinda chero imba vachikudzwa kurwara. With izvi zvitupa mapurisa nyore yakawana vakadzi uori, uyezve, vaifanira vaudze mapurisa nguva dzose. kuchengetwa Medical mu dzepfambi raiva refu sandara, nokuti zvakare kunofanira nokuti vakadzi vanoshanda muna dzepfambi.

Sezvineiwo, kutengesa vakadzi pre-echimurenga Russia aigona kusarudza chero imba woufeve muguta. Havana kugona kudzorwa mune mapato avo. Nepo dzimwe sectors vokuparidzira dzakanga dzakasimbiswa akasungirirwa avo dzokugara. Uyewo, ivo vaigona nyore kuuya kunzvimbo kurwa uye urege kuwa pasi pemurairo pamusoro vagrancy.

Tinogona kutaura kuti dzepfambi pakutanga ramakumi remakore vakanga chinokosha Russian muvanhu, asi kutaura nezvazvo haana kugamuchirwa kwazvo nenzanga. Zvakanzi zvekare rarambidzwa nyaya iyi pamberi vakadzi nevasikana vaduku.

Zvifeve Mumabhuku

Musoro woufeve dzepfambi vari kakawanda vaidzvinyirirwa nevanyori eras siyana. Somuenzaniso, Honoré of Balzac yake basa "uchenjeri uye urombo courtesans" zvikuru yakazarukira nguva yake kutaura zvichaitirwa vakadzi vanotengesa miviri yavo.

Haana kupfuura pfungwa dzake ichi yakaorera wenyaya uye L. N. NdiTolstoy kuti yokufungidzira "Kumuka", uye A. I. Kuprin munyaya "The Mugomba". Ndakanyorera panyaya chipfambi A. Dumas, Victor Hugo uye Boris Akunin. Kusvikira zvino, nyaya vakadzi vawa ndivo zvomusi vanyori pose.

Cinema dzimba shiviriro

Writers uye vatungamiriri vo vaisagona kunzvenga nyaya dzepfambi uye kazhinji akarishandisa mubasa rake. Chimwe chinofadza zvikuru mafirimu ose akatevedzana akasunungurwa makore manomwe apfuura. Firimu pasi kurondedzerwa zita "kushivirira House" - mumwe zvakasikwa French vanatenzi. History inowira muchikwata che "mutambo" uye inotiudza nezvedambudziko vasikana kushanda yepfambi vari France mukuvamba ramakumi remakore. vateereri zvichaita ave dzakatevedzana rose zviitiko zvicharatidza zvose zvakavanzika izvi akavhara shoma nyika, izvo zvinofanira nguva dzose ukakunda kunakidza, uye fiddle uchitamba zenze manotsi.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti firimu vakagamuchira vakavhengana yakaoma kurumbidzwa uye akanga kunyange nominated kupinda muna Cannes Film Festival. vaoni vakawanda akabvuma kuti zvinokanganisawo zvikuru zvakavanzika mweya hungiso uye kunoirinda zvakanakisa.

Chokwadi, nyaya dzepfambi vari chaizvo touchy. Uye kunyange ichi avhenekerwa zera, apo anenge erases zvose akasununguka, haritauri pachena. Uye kuti aigona kureva chete chinhu - izwi kamwe chakaunzwa tsika, akava chaizvo zvakanaka. Pashure pezvose, nzanga anopfuurira kushivirira chinhu kuti haadi kubvuma, uye chii haadi kutaura zvinonzwika.