Huru dzakasviba. The Blue Shark. Hove stingray

Huru dzehove dzinozivikanwa kwatiri dzinowedzera kuburikidza nekubereka, asi kwete dzose. Vamwe vanogara mumvura vanogara, zvose aquarium uye mhuka, vanobereka vana vavo. Nokudaro, vatevedzeri vakawanda vemhuka dzegungwa vanofarira mubvunzo wehove dzipi dzinofadza uye kuti dzinowedzera sei.

Sharks

Vazhinji shark vanozivikanwa nekuve viviparous. Somuenzaniso, marudzi akadaro anosanganisira tiger, herring, yakabhadhara shark, hammerhead nevamwe. Uyewo pane urongwa uhwu pane shark blue. Urefu hwehove iyi kazhinji hahupfuuri mamita 3.8. Asi hutano hwavo hwepabonde hunotanga pavanosvika mamita maviri. Muvarume, nguva iyi inowanikwa nehutano hwemamita 1.9 mamita.

Mushure mokunge kukwirirana kuchiitika, musikana haakwanisi kutora pamuviri pakarepo. Spermatozoa mumuviri wake inogona kuramba ichiita kwemwedzi, kumirira nguva yeivulation. Mushure mekuberekwa kwevakadzi vakadziridzwa, nguva yekubata muviri inotanga, iyo inogona kubva kumwedzi 9 kusvika pagore. Zvinotendwa kuti shark yebhuruu inoreva kuti yakawanda kwazvo yehama dzose dzakakura. Nhamba yefry inoberekerwa munyika inosiyana, uye chiyero chinokera kubva pa4 kusvika kune vanhu 120. Vana vanozvarwa vakazvimiririra, vakagadzirira hupenyu hunotyisa, asi hafu yavo chete inosvika pakukura kwavo, nokuti hove huru haifungi kushandisa zvishoma.

Hove stingray

Asi iyo nzira yekuberekwa kwehove haisi kungowanikwa mu shark. Mamwe marudzi ema stingrays anovewo viviparous, somuenzaniso, caudex. Kazhinji musikana anounza mwana mumwe, uyo ane urefu hwakareba anenge masendimita makumi matatu. Kumapuviparous slopeswo anosanganisira mantas, iyo inotakura rimwe zita - maroni madhimoni. Ihove huru idzi dzinounza mwana mumwechete, uyo paanenge aberekwa atosvika pamamita, uye uremu hwahwo - 50 kilogram. Kuvana vakasvika munyika, amai vanoita sekutema mwana wavo, iyo yakaiswa mumupumburu. Iyo yakapararira inoparadzira "mapapiro" ayo uye inoshambira yekadzi. Munguva yehutachiwana iyi hove inoratidza kurwisana kusati kwamboitika uye inokwanisa kukurira chikepe.

Ko vana vanokura sei mudumbu?

Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti hove yeviviparous inounza mwana akave akaumbwa, asi masayendisiti kwemakore akawanda haagoni kunzwisisa kuti fry inowana sei oxygen mudumbu kana isina chikwereti uye tambo yembilical. Asi muna 2008 chirabwe chacho chagadziriswa. Vabati vehove veOkinawa vakabata gungwa rakatakura dhiyabhorosi uye vakamusiya kuvasayendisiti kuti vaongorore. Kuti zvive nani kudzidza nguva yekutakura kwema fetus muhove iyi, vatsvakurudzi vakavandudza chigadzirwa che ultrasound zvishoma, mushure mokunge chakatanga kushanda mumvura yemunyu. Kucherechedza kwakapfuurira kusvikira kuberekwa, kwakaitika mushure memwedzi mitanhatu. Mumwe musikana wechidiki akaonekwa munyika. Ichechecheche inorema makirogiramu makumi mashanu.

Kubvira sezvo hove iyi yaive iri pasi pekucherechedza panguva yose yekupera kwepamuviri, masayendisiti akakwanisa kugadzirisa chirabwe pamusoro pekuti sei fetus inofema sei. Kuva muchizvaro, mwana anoshandisa zvidimbu zvake uye anopomesa amniotic fluid kuburikidza navo . Nokuda kweizvi, iye, semunhu mukuru, anovhura uye anovhara muromo wake. Mvura inouya kwairi inopfuura nenzira yakanakisisa uye inosvika kuvhavha iri shure kwe musoro (haisi mumangwanani chete, asiwo mumashiki). Vanhu vakuru havavhari miromo yavo pavanenge vachifambisa, kuti vasvike mafiritsi nemvura uye plankton. Mavharo muchizvaro anofanira kushandisa miromo yavo sepombi. Nenzira iyi, fetus inogona kufema uye kudya.

Ukama pakati pevabereki nefry

Sezvo wechidiki pakarepo mushure mokunge maitiro ava akagadzirira kutungamirira hupenyu huri kuzvimirira, ivo vanoita saizvozvo. Vakawanda vavo iye zvino havatarisi amai. Uye pane dzimwe nguva zviri nani kwavari kuti vasiye kure nevabereki vavo. Vanhu vakura havawanzosiyanisa vana vavo kubva pakudya, uye kana vane nzara, vanogona kubatsirwa nevana vavo pachavo.

Mamwe mhando dzehove dzakaberekwa mhenyu

Iyo shaki nemashizha zvinotsanangurwa nesu zvakabatana nehove yepamusoro. Pakati petafura hove zvinowanzoitika izvo zvinowedzera nekubereka. Asi zvisinei zvakadaro pakati pavo zvinokwanisika kusangana uye viviparous. Izvi zvinosanganisira citmatogaster. Izvo zvipenyu zvehove nezvimwe zviitiko zvakangofanana nepodcid, uye kune dzimwe nzvimbo zvakafanana nekarp. Nzvimbo yavo ndeyePacific Ocean, iyo iri kuchamhembe.

Asi viviparous haisi yehove chete, iyo inopisa kudya zvakananga kubva kuna amai vari mudumbu. Mukadzi anogona kutakura mazai mudumbu. Fry kudya kubva kujinki. Kana yava nguva yekuzvara, mazai acho anowanikwa mufry uye amai vanotanga kuakanda. Semuenzaniso, nzira yakadai yokuberekwa kwehove inowanikwa muBeldjug. Pakuberekwa, izvi zvinopisa zvakatangwa. Dzimwe nguva musikana anogona kukwidza kusvika kune mazana matatu hove, asi zvinoitika chikamu nechikamu. Uwandu hwemwana mumwe nomumwe akaberekwa hunobereka masendimita mana.

Pakati pehove yekutengesera viviparous ndiyo grouper. Iyi ndiyo mhando dzakakura kwazvo, iyo inobatwa yakawanda muGungwa reBarents uye Atlantic Ocean. Iyi hove yakasvibira kune imwe nguva inopa vana vezviuru mazana ezviuru. Iyo mhute, imwe neimwe iyo inenge mamiriyoni matanhatu.

Ihove yega yeviviparous yeLake Baikal

Baikal igungwa rakanaka uye rakadzika-mvura, uye iri musha kune vagari vazhinji vari pasi pemvura. Pakati pezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana apa unogona kuwana hove imwechete ye viviparous, iyo inonzi golomyanka. Kune vakawanda, chokwadi ichi chinogona kuita sechishamisa, sezvo kazhinji mumagumo ekumusoro hove dzinowedzera nekuisa mazai. Kune marudzi maviri evanhu vane golomy pano. Iko huru inokura kusvika masendimita makumi maviri nemashanu, iyo duku haina kudarika masendimita makumi maviri nemashanu.Golomyanka haibvumiri kutama kunoenda kune dzimwe nyika, sezvinoita kune dzimwe hove dzinobereka. Apo nguva inosvika uye muchibereko chechikadzi iyo roe inoshanduka ikava fry, amai vanomuka pedyo nepamusoro pemvura. Zvichida, zvakakosha kuti vana vadye pazvigadzirwa zveplankton. Viviparous hove golomyanka inopa vana vakawanda zvichienderana nemhando. Zviduku zvinoonekwa pane imwe nguva zvisingaverengeki 1.5 hove dzehove. Pakawanda iyi nhamba inenge 2,5 zviuru fry. Pashure pokunge aberekwa, amai vanofa. Zvinoshamisa kuti iyi mhando yehove inowanikwa paLake Baikal chete. Nzira yakadaro yekuberekwa uye rufu haisati yadzokororwa mune imwe mvura iri pasi pemvura.

Aquarium vagari

Asi viviparous hove dzinowanikwa kwete chete pakati pemhando dzehove dzekutengesa. Vazhinji vadzidzisi vemvura vanoziva kuti zvimwe zvekunakidza kwebheya yavo yefry. Pakati pese, kuberekwa kurarama kunowanikwa mumhuri yePecilia, Gudii nevamwe. Kazhinji idzi idzi dziri hove dzekuchikoro, uye dzinokosha muhukuru. Uyewo pakati pavo, varume vanononoka kudarika vakadzi, uye mavara avo anoita seechiedza. Apo pavanosvika pakupera, mhemberero yemuviri yemurume inova gonopodia, kuburikidza nekugadzirwa kunoitwa. Chimwe nechimwe chine zvikamu zvaro zvakasiyana-siyana mukugadzirisa kweizvi. Izvi zvakakosha kuitira kuti tisabvisa kukwanisa kwekunyanyisa. Asi varimi vanoita gore negore vachiunza mhando dzakasiyana dzehove dzinoshongedza, dzinotungamirira kuonekwa kwemavara asina kujairika uye maumbirwo. Kazhinji inosanganisira guppies. Pasina kusarudzwa, hove viviparous hove inokurumidza kupera ruvara rwayo uye zvishoma nezvishoma inopera.

Kuvandudza fry

Nguva yekukura kubva kune caviar kusvika kune fry mudumbu rekadzi inobva kumhuri uye rudzi rwehove. Mushure mokunge uchisangana, kutakura kunogona kungopedza vhiki kana maviri chete. Asi mune imwe hove nguva ino inosvika kusvika ku2,5 mwedzi. Mune mhuru yemhuri yePecilia, vechidiki vanokura uye panguva imwechete nyore nyore kupfuura caviar pachayo, asi mune dzimwe mimwe nhengo inorema yefry yakawandisa kupfuura yeiyo mazai. Uye nekuda kwekuti mukaka kubva kumurume unogona kugara mukadzi kwenguva yakareba, mazai haagoni kukwaniswa nokukurumidza, asi pashure penguva uye kwete kamwe. Saka, kunyange nekusarudzwa kumwe chete, hove inogona kuuya nevana kakawanda. Hazvisi nyore kuidya, sezvo fry pakarepo inoratidzira basa mushure mokuberekwa. Nhamba yehove duku inobva mukurudzi rwehove uye inogona kuva yakawanda imwe kana mazana.

Zvinyorwa zvegwayana

Kuti zvive nehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu. Mahombekombe anowanzojairika anowanzogadzirira kuchengetedza kwawo, umo mune zvinomera zvinomera. Mukuwedzera, kusarerekera mvura kunoda kugara uchidzoka. Vhiki nevhiki, 15 kusvika ku40% yemvura inotsiviwa. Asi dzimwe mhuka dzichanzwa dzakanyanyisa kana mvura iri zvishoma. Mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro anogadzirwa kunyanya kune mollies uye vatsvene vatsvene. Nokuda kweizvi, mupuni wegungwa remunyu unowedzerwa pamamiriyoni gumi. Uyewo, kutengesa kwemvura kwakakodzera kwemhando zhinji dzemarudzi kazhinji inowanikwa kubva pa20 kusvika ku25 ^° C.

Kuita kuti ivariro yehove ienzanise, inoda kuwedzera mishonga yemichero kune zvokudya. Inogona kuiswa saladi, filamentous algae, oatmeal uye zvimwe zvokudya.