Form Mashizha zvinomera

Zvekare zvimiro zvemhashu mashizha, maruva uye midzi zvinomera zviri siyana chaizvo. Nhasi tiri kutaura pamusoro mumwe chikuru nhengo dzose zvinomera. Hazvina mashizha. Riri pamusoro hunde, utore lateral nzvimbo pamusoro payo. Shizha chimiro zvinosiyana zvikuru, uyewo ukuru hwavo. Somuenzaniso, imwe duckweed, mvura zvirimwa, vava millimeters anenge matatu dhayamita. Zvinogona kusvika kusvika imwe mita jira Victoria Amazon. Vamwe dzinopisa nezvanza ane kureba 20-22 m.

General unhu chirimwa mashizha

Nayo isina mashizha muti anomirira mutsvairo hukuru siyana. Kazhinji zvakaoma kuona kwayo chitarisiko munguva yechando, kana korona kupfeka. Miti mashizha, rawa muchando, regai kukura, asi kuramba mupenyu. Chete pashure vachiita vanotanga kugara zvakazara uye kuwana kwavo noruzhinji chimiro. List - ichi hachisi muviri axial, asi hunonyatsobatana pamwe hunde, riri kutiza akabatana.

In psilophytes, mukuru nyika miti, pakanga pasina muviri dismemberment, avanoziva kwatiri. mamiriro avo haina dzinounzwa mudzi, shizha uye hunde. Zvino gare gare. Modern chirimwa shizha chimiro uye sangano zviri epurasitiki chaizvo. Kubva hunde uye mudzi kwemiviri aya akasiyana noruzhinji zvinhu. shizha Matavi ayo lateral miviri. Vari inoumbwa surfactants (exogenously) sezvo anorovera riri cône kukura. Zvisinei, anosiya pachavo nezvokunyanya kushaiwa. Vanokura nechepasi. Ivo haisi zvakananga mumwe jira kana axial nhengo. Kukura zvimwe shoma rebei.

Shizha Chimiro: mitemo uye kunze

Lamina chinhu kwenguva chikamu jira. Petiole - steblevidnaya narrowest mugove wayo. Ndizvo kubudikidza naye hunde rinobatanidza shizha chipasa. Base - chikamu iyo wanamatira kuti hunde okukohwa. Nechepasi vari stipules.

Kazhinji, sechivako mashizha cerebro-abdominal (dorziventralnoe). Ndege kuti symmetry chimwe, uye runoparadzanisa navo vakaita mapoka maviri maviri zvakafanana, ichibata kune mumwe. Zvisinei, mitemo iyi vane Kakawanda zhinji. Somuenzaniso, webwe mashizha (ferns) kuwedzera muromo. Kana nemipaini tsono, izvozvo anowedzera kukura mune makore mashoma. In mupaini tsono zvikure gusset kukura nechepasi.

Zvisinei, chinonyanya kushamisa kunze mutemo uyu anogona kunzi kunosiya Welwitschia mirabilis. It gymnosperms, izvo zvinowanikwa South Africa (Kalahari Desert). Tumboobrazny hunde Welwitschia mirabilis (40 masendimita kureba uye 1 M dhayamita) siyana machira 2 chete. kureba ravo matatu mamita. Form kunosiya remnevidnaya, ivo Rakaunyana. Mashizha aya kufa kumigumo uye mujinga anogara kukura. Somugumisiro, avo upenyu anotarisirwa anogona pfuura makore 100.

Kuti aitsaura sei mashizha?

Dzokunze Mashizha-siyana kwazvo kuti rimwe kupatsanura gadziriro kwakavakirwa mumwe kana kupfuura unhu, haagoni kusikwa. Kune classifications akawanda, izvo isu tsanangura ikozvino.

Kupatsanura pakati petiole

Pane nzira nhatu uhwo hunde dzakabatana mashizha. Plant mumire petioles pasina navo. Muchiitiko chokutanga, Mashizha chirimwa rinonzi petiolate, apo rechipiri - sessile. Mujinga zvimwe zvinomera kukura, anofukidza ungano hunde. Panyaya iyi jira rinonzi kusangana nekutsi kwemukadzi. Rutsanga Vanoda mari mairi. Kana ndakagara chirimwa shizha anodonhedza gunde pasi, kunonzi decurrent. Muenzaniso - chine rukato. Kana muti shizha Anofukidza hunde, kunonzi amplexicaul.

Ethers uye mashizha

Mberi rinotevera kupatsanura. Shizha disks zvinogona kunge chaizvo siyana chimiro, kukura, mamiriro, uye dzimwe parameters. Pangave mumwe kana kupfuura. Kana chete chinyorwa rimwe, mashizha dzinonzi nyore. Form emiti iyi nyaya zvinogona denderedzwa, kumativi, lanceolate, oblong, zai serin'i, Linear, obratnoyaytsevoy. Kana simbi dzakawanda pamusoro chete petiole, ndiko kunzwisisa rudzi. Location lamina kunogonawo zvakasiyana. Form Mashizha (zvakaoma) angava sezvinotevera: preryvistoperistoslozhnoy, trizhdyperistoslozhnoy, dvazhdyperistoslozhnoy, imparipinnately, parnoperistoslozhnoy, palchatoslozhnoy, ternate.

Zvisinei, zviri nyore mashizha havasi nyore. Funga izvi nomuenzaniso zvakawanda zvirimwa monstera. Her mazita ine chimwe chete lamina anonzi nyore. Zvisinei, chimiro chayo noshamisa kwazvo. Mashizha aya mhando anonzi dissected. Kune mamwe marudzi. Kana ndiro asingadi kusapfuudza chekawo-kumativi ose yakafara, chimiro lobed nemashizha emiti. Kana unotemwa pedyo wechitatu, kunonzi mahwanda. Zvangoitikawo kuti chekawo papepa rinosvika huru mutsinga. Panyaya iyi, chimiro chirimwa mashizha dissected.

Kuwanda cheka, chimiro mashizha mashizha uye kumicheto

Mberi rinotevera kupatsanura. Plants dzingasiyana uye uwandu cheka vari jira. Kana muzvikamu zvitatu, kunonzi troychato- kana 5 - palchato- kana hombe dzinoverengeka zvikamu - peristo- (dissected, paradzanisa, chovha).

Shizha mashizha uyewo Classified chimiro. Govera munhu muzvizhinji siyana :. Ovoid, idenderedzwa, lanceolate, lanceolate, Linear, oblong, akaita somwoyo, museve serin'i, etc. By chete nechigadziko kunogona patsanura uye kumicheto. Vakawanda muchimiro jira unopinza - chinokosha (wakatsetseka-rinocheka mashizha). Zvisinei, pane dzimwe mhando dzakawanda. Dzinounzwa toothed, crenate, kolyuchezubchatye (spiny), serrate chimiro meandering shizha mucheto.

Geterofiliya

Wakamboverenga pfungwa iyi? Kana kwete, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mashizha chimwe nhungirwa anogona kuva akasiyana chimiro, ruvara uye uwandu. Fani iyi pakuzivikanwa se geterofiliya. Zviri kwese Somuenzaniso, nokuti arrowhead, buttercup, uye dzimwe mhando dzakawanda.

chirimwa tsinga

Pamunenge muchikurukura shizha miti inogona kuonekwa kuti pane mutsinga. Izvi midziyo conductive. nzvimbo yavo jira kunogonawo anosiyana. Venation - inzira shizha urongwa. Kune akawanda marudzi ayo: Net (pinnate uye munwe) dichotoma, chinhu chakakombama dzakafanana. For monocots mamirire chinhu chakakombama kana yakafanana veining, uye nokuda bipartite - mambure.

We zvamaronga kuti kufunga uye enzanisa pomuouki uye Maple mashizha, ona chimiro chavo.

pomuouki mashizha

Oak - mbeu runowanzoitika unozvidzora mumamirire ekunze. Inogona kuwanika munyika dzakasiyana-siyana Northern Hemisphere. Tropical dzakakwirira - kumaodzanyemba panogumira kukura kwayo. mashizha ayo Rakaunyana. Vanoti muti waigara uri girini mhando kwemakore anoverengeka, uye mune dzimwe mhando kuwira nerimwe gore, kana kuramba pamapazi, uye unoomesa zvishoma nezvishoma collapsing. Form pamuouki shizha iri chovha. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva pane yose. Ichi chimiro womuoki shizha aona vamwe miti yakasvibira marudzi. The chena, somuenzaniso, mashizha chaizvo guru (kusvika 25 cm). In Miti iri miti oblong-denderedzwa chimiro papepa. Muchirimo korona anova piriviri coloring, uye panguva yezhizha Kuchinja ruvara wayo yakajeka mitema, apo rezasi chikamu jena. Mumvuri Mashizha dzinosiyana kuwa. Zvinogona kuva kubva vakapfuma nezvisungo Burgundy. Forms mumatsutso Mashizha handishanduki.

Red Oak (zvikasadaro inonzi North) - muti wakareba (kusvika 25 m), iro rine korona batana. mashizha makuru, vane reza wakarodzwa. zita rayo ndiwo muti akawana nokuda mashizha, iro rine yakatsvukuruka ruvara mune mumatsutso uye muchirimo.

Maple mashizha

Eurasia musha mumeporo. Ndiwo Deciduous muti pamwe gobvu, vakagumisa, korona paupamhi. Nourefu wasvika 30 mamita. Muti unogona kurarama pasi akanaka ezvinhu kusvika makore 200. mashizha makuru, dhayamita kwavo masendimita 18. Ivo raidaidzwa mutsinga. Kuumba Maple Leaf ari sezvinotevera: ine 5 mashizha, kuchiguma zvakajeka lobes. Muchiitiko ichi nhatu mashizha pamberi regai kwakasiyana nepedyo, uye vaviri ezasi yakati duku. Woita mukudzokera vari pakati vose. Petioles refu. Kana ruvara, uyewo dzinosiyana zvichienderana nenguva yegore. Muzhizha mashizha vari murima manyoro kupfuura uye chiedza mitema pasi. In Mumatsutso vanova shava, mutsvuku, maroon uye mashava kwerima guru.

Saka, zvatakurukura huru chimiro mashizha. Pakupedzisira, tinofanira kuudza nezvebasa ravo.

zvichireva mashizha

Chinonyanya kukosha basa iri paumbwe makemikari nyaya. Large uye sandara papepa nendiro Anobata chiedza chezuva. Zvinotora nzvimbo Mashizha nedanho photosynthesis. Uchibatsirwa yavo, muti uyewo runopwa mvura. Zvinogona kuchinja kusimba acho, nokuvhara uye akazarura stomata. Mukuwedzera, achibatsirwa shizha gasi Exchange kunoitika. Carbon dioxide uye okisijeni iri zvokudya pachishandiswa stomata. Okisijeni runodikanwa kufema, uye carbon dioxide kunoda chirimwa nokuda kwetunhu Organic zvinhu. Munguva shizha nokuwa zvisingakoshi zvinhu vanobviswa, pose zvemuchadenga nhengo zvinoderedza mu rwakashata munguva. Plant runopwa mvura shoma, korona rinoungana zvishoma chando, zvinoreva hazvizorevi kuiputsa.