Fence - Chii ichocho? Vose fence sezvo mutambo

Fence - paunhu, akanaka kwazvo, kwezvokufuka uye kudanana mutambo. Zvisinei, ichi chekare nemauto unyanzvi kuti zvose akanaka uye zvinouraya. Fence - zviri kurwisana vatambi, zvisina wandisa unhu ine utsinye uye kwamachinda. Nhasi tichaona panguva inonakidza mutambo uyu pedyo tarisa uye kuziva chii fence, uyewo pakange pamuviri, izvo mariri mune mitemo iyo kushandisa hembe sezvo makwikwi dzinoitwa ipapo uye akabudirira iyi Russia. Fencing ane kure midzi navo uye kutanga.

Zvaiitika

Fencing anonzi kuva nzvimbo yechizvarirwo kweSpain. Zvakanga pano akaberekwa chinhu chakafanana ano uri ive bakatwa uye rapier. In Spain, akaita nyika yakakurumbira Toledo mashizha, iyo, kunyange chiedza kwazvo, vane kwazvo simba unhu. Zviri munyika ino, uye gare gare Europe yakatanga duel pamusoro chombo kuchitonhora. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti muna Spain bhuku rokutanga, iyo yainzi fence dzakabudiswa. Men vaifarira kurwisa pazuva kuchitonhora simbi, uye vakadzi kugona fence zvikuru gare gare. Nokufamba kwenguva, nyika yakanga chikoro rokutanga fence. Kwete kure shure Italy, France uye Germany. Muna 1470-ies muGermany akasimbisa vesangano kuti vadzidzisi fence, uye muna England - Sangano fencers.

Pakazosvika mavambo XVIII remakore kwave zvikoro zvinoverengeka pose. Chief pakati pavo vakanga French uye chikoro Italian kuti swordsmanship. Zvakanga avo vakapa nyika yakakurumbira Pazvibato bladed zvombo.

Muzana XIX remakore waitanga inotungamirwa Fencing. Uye pakazopera rino remakore, makwikwi okutanga, kududzira dzavo ano vave vakarongeka. Muna 1913, zvakanga akasikwa neInternational Fencing Federation, izvo 1914 vakatanga kushandisa mitemo kurwa. Mitemo iyi kukwikwidzana ikozvino. Kusvika panguva International Fencing Federation inosanganisira zvinopfuura zana National nemisanganiswa.

Fencing muRussia

The Kufarira kutanga unyanzvi fence yakabuda muRussia mukuvamba XVII remakore. Peter ipapo Ndakaita "rapier sayenzi" munhu rokumanikidzirwa nyaya yokuti mauto nevanhuwo zvavo masangano. Muna 1816 muSt Petersburg akazarura chikoro fence chokurovedza kuvadzidzisi nevarairidzi. Coach Fencing, wobudiswa masvingo aro, kwainzi airemekedzwa munhu. Muna 1834 muRussia isu zvakagadzira fence mitemo bayonets. Zvishoma nezvishoma, kuchikoro vakatanga kuva akarongeka mamwe maguta.

Kubva 1899 kusvika 1916 St. Petersburg mitambo munharaunda vave fence ushasha ose gore, izvo wakapindwa Russia zvose. Russian fence vanatenzi munyika dzakawanda munhandare kokutanga kwakaitika muna 1910. Mumwe vatambi Russian akahwina nzvimbo yechitatu ipapo. Makore maviri gare gare vaipinda wokutanga Olympic Games muna Russian fencers basa. Fencing ipapo akatanga kuva ichimhanya zvikuru.

Gare gare, chikoro Soviet fence achava mumwe chakanakisisa munyika. Muna 21 fung vanatenzi zviri chipasa wokuRussia remakore vakakwanisa kuwana mashomanana gumi goridhe Medals uye kutyora zvinyorwa National chikwata yeSoviet. Nhasi, kune chikamu fence munenge ose mumaguta.

Sport fence

mutambo uyu anosanganisa anoranga matatu. Musiyano mukuru pakati pavo ndiye mhando zvombo zvaishandiswa. Fence kungava munondo, rapier uye Saber. Chinangwa chikuru chemusha sparring - konzera uchibaya uye uzvidzivirire kwepfuti ake. The weNobel ndiye achagona kupedza imwe nhamba yokutanga kurwiswa kana kuti awane migumisiro yakanakisisa kuti mumwe kwenguva.

chombo

Fencing chombo vanosanganisira okunze:

1. Chipande.
2. Garda.
3. Kuisa.
4. Bata.
5. Mupengo.

Pamahombekombe chipande chinokosha yokutenda. Zvombo zvinogona yakafadza uye zvavo. Electrical maoko chokuita ne wiring pamwe nenhumbi, iyo inobudisa kwepfuti. The waya akasungwa pasi nguvo nomutambi. Muromo chombo ane bhatani.

Munondo Kureba isingadariki 110 masendimita uye uremu - Nereza 770 ane kureba 90 CM dhayamita iri kunonyanyisa murindi 13.5cm Weapon zvinoreva rinobaya ... A tefa simbi chipande ane trihedral muchinjikwa-chikamu.

Rapier akasiyana minondo kubudikidza parameters akadai uremu - 500 d; murindi dhayamita - 12 masendimita - chikamu uye Klenk - The dzakaenzana. It rinopa nyore fence.

Saber ane kureba asingapfuuri 105 masendimita Kana ichi chinosvika vaifanira chipande pakureba 88 CM Saber Weight -.. 0.5 makirogiramu. Saber anorondedzera kuti kuboora vakatema maoko uye ane kusanduka simbi chipasa ane shanduka trapezoidal muchinjikwa chikamu. Tine varindi Saber shackle, iro rinobatanidza pamwe mubato. Muromo munondo haisi.

munzvimbo iyi

Mune duel nemapakatwa kuverengwa majekiseni akaita muromo chipande chero chikamu mumuviri anokumhan'arira wacho. Just hazvigoni nekurova kumashure, usina kuzvidzivirira chifukidzo.

Zvino ngatikurukurei duel pamwe rapiers. Pakuurayiwa mitemo iri yakagozha fence. Rapier mumaoko nomutambi inoda zvakawanda kururama. The rapier sparring jabs vaiona chete mutumbi iri anokumhan'arira, zvose mberi uye neshure. Inovhuvhuta ichienda musoro, maoko nemakumbo hazvibvumidzwe. Kana foil fencer akuvadzwa uchibaya kunze akabvumira vematunhu, kurwa anomiswa, uye vose nokurohwa yechiitiko ichi havana kuverengwa.

Mune duel pamwe sabers vanobvumirwa kuita kwepfuti uye pakurohwa chero chikamu muviri, riri pamusoro muchiuno, kunze pamutsipa. Kana fencer raiva kunze nzvimbo iyi, haina kuwana nokurova / anobaya pfungwa, asi kurwa mberi.

The sparring fencers uye rapiristov dzimwe nguva kuverenga jekiseni / muridze akarova anobvumirwa bhendi. Izvi zvinoitika kana mutambi kuti runochengetedzwa nemaune rakavharwa parinouya chikamu chomuviri dzisisina. Somuenzaniso, tsoka kuti kazhinji kuwanikwa nokutarira unprofessional fence. Mirayiro uyewo rambidza zvakananga chokuita zvombo conductive hukawanika, kusanganisira yake suit, nokuti rinoita chenhema yakanaka magetsi hurongwa.

hembe

Tichidzidza fence. Ndeipi inoita fencer? Izvi chena dzokupfeka ina bhachi uye mudhebhe mumabvi pamwe suspenders. Bhachi inonzi zvomukati. Clothing fencer wakagadzirwa chinokosha angakudzivisai ukapisa murwi kusvika 800 Newtons simba. zvokupfeka izvi zvinoshandiswa makwikwi dzakawanda. Nokuti nyore vanga vaneta ndiyo jira zvakakwana inokwanisa withstanding kushanda nesimba 350 Newtons.

Mujinga ari fencer akapfeka refu masokisi chena uye anokosha shangu. Kubva nyore yokumhanya shangu, zvakasiyana munhu sandara sole uye Akazadzisa chigunwe uye chitsitsinho. Kune yakaderera uye yakakwirira yokutevedzera. Yechipiri rinoshandiswa kana pane chikonzero ari neketani zvechizarira.

Mask - ndeimwe chizenga inokosha, pasina pazviri pasingabviri kufungidzira fence. Chii chiso inodzivirira? Ichi chinhu chaizvo chinokosha zvakadaro yakanaka asi hasha mutambo. Unodzivirira chifukidzo harifaniri chete kufukidza chiso kubva pakurohwa, asi asingaiti kuvhiringidza mutambi wacho zvakanaka kuona muvengi. Naizvozvo, masiki ziso mapazi ane simbi afoot. A rinokosha simbi muhuro inodzivirira mutsipa.

For fencers simbi afoot ari oga pamwe epurasitiki kuvhunduka nemishonga overlays kumativi ose. A pamipendero wakaita zvinhu kuti anogona kukunda matambudziko nesimba 1600 Newtons. Nokuti kurovedza, nhamba 350 Newton.

Rapiristov shandisa chete zvifukidziro, chete wemagetsi chipika. Zvose zvinoenderana vorudzii pakurohwa kunoita imwe fence.

Saber, sezvo kare ambotaurwa, unogona kurova chiso, saka masiki kuti Saber vari uninsulated afoot, kuitisa magetsi. Uye zvirokwazvo yose Saber masiki pamwe chipika, akaita ane electrically conductive zvinhu.

On ruoko rwakabata chombo, pfeka magiravhusi. Kana Saber fence zviri electrically conductive hand cuffs.

Pasi sutu, sokurondedzerwa pamusoro, dzinoiswa nabochniki izvo vanoramba kuvhunduka simba 350 kana 800 Newtons. Kuti tidzivise minyato pasi nabochniki Kuwedzera zvepabonde mapurasitiki dziviriro.

Sezvo fencers infestation ane penyika muviri wose chinorondedzerwa kuvadzivirira zvakakwana. Rapiristov zvakare kupfeka repfuti bhachi wakaitwa conductive zvinhu. It anoratidza pasi kuti ateme. In Saber, uyezve, zvakabatana nguvo chifukidzo.

Register sitiraiki

Kana rikashandiswa kune ponji kana kurova (nokuti Saber), kurekodha midziyo anopa kuziva nezvazvo wekushanduka chiedza zvakasvibirira. Kana Kurwisa akanga kuitwa zvose mitemo, zvino hauonekwi akakunda mutambi awana pfungwa. Kana yepanchi / uchibaya chakaitwa kunze akatendera mapazi ichivhenekera chiedza chena kumusoro. Kana abatidza panguva girini uye chena chiedza Mabumba, ipapo mbiri parinouya rakaiswa, uye wokutanga wavo waiva ndedzenhema. Somugumisiro, raparadza wechipiri hakuiti kuverenga. Sezvo fence epee anobvumira chero zvibhakera, hapana chena chiedza Mabumba. Kana chiedza girobhu racho dzakavhenekera panguva imwe chete kumativi ose, pfungwa vakagamuchirazve mumwe mutambi.

fencer suit anogona chokuita akarekodwa mudziyo akadai that no wired kana Wireless nenzira. To zvemagetsi ezvinhu akaratidza vanopfuura, arrowhead kumanikidzwa anofanira kusvika kanenge 4.9 Newtons kana 0.5 makirogiramu kuti gripper uye 7.35 Newtons kana 0.75 makirogiramu - nomunondo. Kana matambudziko munondo, anofanira kuiswa kwayo musoro mhedziso. Simple murove pano haiunzi pfungwa.

Zvakaoma kufungidzira, asi paiva nguva apo njodzi zvakanyorwa chete nemaziso. basa iri rinokosha rakapiwa referees mana akakomba muhondo kubva kumativi ose. Muna 1936, yokutanga akagamuchira nokutonga, maererano iro majekiseni fencers akatanga wakaiswa vachibatsirwa midziyo yemagetsi. Muna 1957 iri ino akatanga kukwikwidzana fence vatambi, uye muna 1988 uye Saber fencers.

pistes

Sparring anotora nzvimbo pamusoro pistes. Its kureba 14 metres, apo noupamhi anogona siyana pakati 1.5-2 mamita. Sezvo neimwe mutambo, muhondo ane markup. Muchiitiko chino, zviri inomiririrwa 5 mitsetse, perpendicular kuti achinje. mutsetse First - pakati. At chinhambwe 2 metres kubva kumativi maviri yokurwira iri. zvakawanda mitsetse miviri vari mamita manomwe kubva pakati uye neshure yevanoda dzinonzi miganhu.

Saka, pakutanga pakurwa, paaiva yokurwira, nomutambi ane 5 metres 9 metres uye shure nokuda kurwiswa. On mativi penzira vari dzinounzwa 2-mutinhimira zvikamu, izvo zvinoita vatambi kuziva zvakadini yaasara nzvimbo shure, kwete kutendeuka.

How kurwa

We nechekare zvavo nemashoko izvo fence. Chii fence sutu uye chii markup ndiyo muhondo, tinoziva. Saka nguva kuenda pane ari mafaro chikamu - kurwa kwacho.

Saka, pakutanga hondo navavengi dziri mutsetse kutanga chinzvimbo padivi kune mumwe. Muchiitiko chino, rimwe gumbo chinoyambuka mutsetse. Zvombo akatumira muvengi, uye vakasununguka ruoko rakaiswa shure. The duel rinotanga uye inoguma kana muzvinapembe anopa murayiro rakakodzera. Zvisinei, pakupera kwenguva pfupi kunogona kuitika kana vakaparadzira Mureza kuzivisa kuti munhu kumativi rapera.

Setsika, pakutongwa rinoitwa muna French. Risati ratanga kurwa, kuti muzvinapembe anopa murayiro "An Ngwarira!", Iro rinoshandurudza se "kurwa!". Iye zvino anobvunza vatambi mubvunzo: "EY Vu Pre" kuwana kana vagadzirira. Kana vose fencers ndivo, mutongi anopa murayiro "Alla!". Kana uchida kumisa pakurwa, anoti shoko "Viola!", Iro rinoshandurudza se "Mira!". In awarding kunongedzera imwe musoja, mutongi akati: "A Droite", "A gauche" kana "Ku kaviri." Izvi zvinoreva: "rworudyi," "vakasiya" uye "vose", ukuwo. Kana kunyoresa haushandi akarova mutongi inoti: "Pa Conti" - "Ini havarangariri." Pashure scoring vashori kudzokera kwavo yepakutanga nzvimbo, uye kurwa mberi. Uye kana kurwa rikaguma pasina kuwana mubayiro, Akatangazve panzvimbo yaaigara.

Nomumwe mutambo rakakamurwa vaitenderera zvitatu zvisingaperi 1 miniti. The penguva pakati vaitenderera ndiyewo miniti. kunhivi Kumukundi ndiye mutambi uyo hwakawanda vokutanga 15 points, kana kuchatungamirira nhoroondo panguva rwakapoteredza miromo. Kana pakupera vaitenderera nhatu dzinokosha nokuda SWEDERA, basa chimwezve kumativi wechina. Panguva imwe cheteyo, isati yatanga, vakabata SWEDERA Kumukundi anosarudzwa umo kana miniti hakumbobatsiri.

Zvino funga fence chikwata, izvo mitemo vari siyanei. Kana chikwata makwikwi, mumwe fencer Irwai ose chikwata muvengi mutambi. Sezvo chikwata rine vanhu vatatu, machisa pakati zvikwata zviviri inosanganisira mumwe hondo 9. In muhondo yokutanga uyu unoguma apo mumwe mapato yokuwana 5 pfungwa, wechipiri - 10 points, uye zvichingodaro kusvika 45.

The fencer uyo akarwiswa pakutanga, anopiwa chinzvimbo zvebhinya wake anokumhan'arira, ukuwo, rokudzivirira. Panguva iyoyowo wavanozvisunga / majekiseni, kunakisa inopiwa kurwisa mutambi. Rave pakutanga chiito runoita kubva mumwe fencer. achange kana electronic ezvinhu akanyorwa nokurova / bara, asi zvakaitirwa kutyora Kurwisa pakutanga pfungwa paakavapa. Kana mugumisiro yakawiriranwa muzvinapembe chiito ezvinhu. Ridzai / uchibaya akuvadzwa mushure murayiro "Mira!", Hauonekwi chete kana sangano rakatanga kuraira.

Muchidimbu pamusoro unyanzvi uye nzira dzinoshandiswa kuti muhondo

Ngatitarisei zvishoma udzamu inonakidza mutambo uyu zvakafanana fence. Chii chinonzi hondo? Izvi kukurukurirana mashizha, izvo zvinoreva uremu matete, runonyengera, achasimbiswa kufamba uye unyanzvi. Kuti ichi ndicho musiyano mukuru kubva fence nokurwisana, vachishandisa vane inorema zvombo.

Kana zvakananga kurwisa hazviiti, fencer anoedza neutralize ari counterattack uye counterattack. Uye kuti kubvisa ngozi, kwete hazvo kuzeza, unogona tirwise chipande, uye ipapo kushandisa yemabhuku punchi.

In fence, zvinoita basa rinokosha rinonyengera kufamba. Izvi zvinogona kuva: kamafurashi, iyo inobatsira kuvanza zvinovavarirwa mutambi; feint anomirira ngozi inofamba; kupokana, kutsamwisa muvengi mutsindo, asi kwete nguva dzose zvakanaka vaiona zviito, uye zvichingodaro.

Modern fence, zvichienderana nemhando zvombo, ane zvimwe kusiyana unyanzvi, nzira uye mitemo mavambo nokuda nyaya zvombo. Saber akatora chipande, iro raishandiswa vamabhiza. Ivo akarwa vamabhiza hondo, saka anotema kwevashandi pamusoro bhandi. Izvi zvakafanorongwa kukura infestation ane pamusoro mumutambo Saber fence.

Munondo waro akavamba mumwe dueling chombo. Zvaizobuda duel aigona ndeakaita pena chero chikamu muviri. Naizvozvo, zvinokosha kuti tiise kutanga uye kuzvidzivirira pamwe norudaviro kubva lunge. The ichocho rinoitwa pamusoro kupinda fence ano.

Rapier pakutanga zvakangonyuka kurovedzwa chombo. Saka, mamiriro ezvinhu enyika hondo iri neusimbe zvikuru fencers. Ndizvo chete fence AKAITA kutanga. Women kamwe aiva nekodzero kurwisa chete rapiers. Sezvo chombo chiedza, kunyange vana vanogona kugadzirisa izvozvo. Sezvineiwo, fence vana tichaona akaderera zvishoma. Akadaro chinhu se "tactical tisingatendi" wakasimukawo kubva zvinodiwa muhondo kudzidzisa, waiva kugadzirira munhu kurwa chaiye.

fines

Kana mutambi kuti adzivirire sideline kurwa mumwechete gumbo, akanga paakavapa faindi 1 mita. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kurwa iri dzakatanga kure 1 mita kubva kutyora nzvimbo kurutivi avatadzira. Saka, anova mita zvishoma nzvimbo dzokera shure. Kana fencer rokunyengeterera musana mutsetse, mudzivisi scored imwe pfungwa. Izvi zvinonzi "chirango anobaya." In fence zvisingagamuchirwi:

1. The Kurwisa run.
2. Mazvokuda pamuviri nevateereri.
3. Kuvaparadzanisa muvengi.
4. Tenderera shure kune muvengi.
5. kuridza pfuti pasi.
6. Chero chiito ake akasununguka ruoko.

Shoot ZANO nezvombo, kuedza kuchigadzira uye kuita mamwe mabasa hakubvumidzwi pasina mvumo mutongi. Kusiya munda kubvisa masiki pasina murayiro rakakodzera kuri hazviiti. For nemaune kutyora mitemo vatambi vanogamuchira chirango nemakadhi.

Yellow kadhi yakapiwa kana yambiro fencer iri rakapa. Kana mumhanyi ari kutyora mitemo kechipiri, akaratidzwa dzvuku kadhi. Hazvina basa, akadzokorora mhosva yake kana vakaita zvimwe. A kadhi dzvuku, sezvo anodzivisa yero, kwete chete kunotadzisa, asiwo anotsiva nokuda chirango jekiseni. The kadhi dema riri pana chakakomba kutyorwa mitemo, unsportsmanlike mufambiro uye kana fencer wodzokorora kukanganisa yaakanga paakavapa kadhi dzvuku. Black kadhi rinoratidza Vachinyunyuta neKusharwa kweVanhu.

olympiad

Fencing vagara chinokosha yeOlympic. The ano Olympic Games vanofanira 18 nevatambi, vaviri vacho tsitsi. The chikwata ine varume navakadzi. Olympics chirongwa zvinosanganisira pachake uye chikwata makwikwi mune zvose zvitatu mhando zvombo, hunoita fence ano. Vakadzi nevarume, vanogona kurwa neminondo, rapiers uye sabers. Chirongwa zvinosanganisira 10 makamuri, 6 zvacho nomumwe uye 4 chikwata. Pakupedzisira Olympic Games muna Rio mafeni Russian nemanyawi akatarisa fence. Vanhu dzakakundwa mibayiro maviri, apo vakadzi - ndarama matatu, rimwe sirivha uye mumwe nendarira. In zvinonyatsorehwa menduru Standings Russian fence chikwata yaiva panzvimbo yokutanga.

Junior fence

Fence nokuti vana nhasi yakatanga hapana zvishoma pane mamwe mitambo. Kazhinji chikamu kutora vana 9 makore. Muzvikoro yakanaka vanodzidziswa kwete chete unyanzvi uye nzira kubva kuhondo, asiwo kushivirira muvengi. Chikamu Akakodzera fence iri guta guru ose. Pasina sparring fence ichi aizova zvaro Battle mashizha.