Environmental zvichiongororwa: mhando uye subsystems

Environmental zvichiongororwa - chine zvakawanika chichiitirwa kuti hurumende iri huri zvakatipoteredza, uyewo yaro kuyera uye Kufembera kuchinja pasi pokudzora zvose anthropogenic dzinongoitika zvinhu. Kazhinji, kuti chero ndima zvidzidzo zvakadaro nguva dzose kuitwa, asi basa, vari kuita, vanopinda madhipatimendi siyana, uye zviito zvavo zvisina chikwata mune chero zvinhu. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, pamberi kwezvakatipoteredza zvichiongororwa vanofanira chikuru basa: kuona zvipenyu uye upfumi nzvimbo. Chinotevera ndechokuti kusarudza mashoko chokuita ndiwo mamiriro kwezvakatipoteredza. Unofanirawo kuva nechokwadi chokuti mashoko vakagamuchira ndiko kunounza zvakarurama ndezvipi.

Mhando kwezvakatipoteredza zvichiongororwa

Sezvo panguva akataurwa kugadzirisa matambudziko akawanda akasiyana siyana, panguva yakanga aronga kusiyanisa ayo zvitatu:

- Utsanana;

- dzinongoitika uye zvoupfumi;

- pose.

Zvisinei, mune tsika zvikazooneka kuti ichi nzira hazvirevi zvakajeka havatsananguri zoning uye sangano parameters. Hazvibviri zviparadzanise uye mashandiro subspecies kwezvakatipoteredza rucherechedzo.

Environmental zvichiongororwa: subsystem

The chikuru subspecies pamusoro pakuongorora, kuramba kuti zvakatipoteredza, ndiko:

- climate zvichiongororwa. basa iri inotaura kudzora uye Kufembera okunze variability. Rinotaura chando, mhepo, gungwa uye dzimwe nhengo biosphere kuti kuchinja inotungamirwa kwayo.

- Geophysical Yoburitsa. basa iri inoongorora mashoko pamusoro kusvibiswa mhepo uye mashoko hydrologists, meteorologists.

- Biological zvichiongororwa. basa iri vachiongorora sei kusvibiswa kunokanganisa zvose zvipenyu.

- Monitoring utano vaigara imwe ndima. Izvi monitors basa, inoongorora uye aanenge ari mamiriro utano vemo.

Saka, vakawanda kwezvakatipoteredza zvichiongororwa sezvinotevera. Yasarudzwa zvakatipoteredza (kana mumwe nzvimbo dzayo), parameters aro akayera, aunganidzwa, uye ipapo mashoko inoparadzirwa. Pashure paizvozvo, humboo chinogadzirwa, wakapiwa mukuru maitiro avo magetsi Danho uye ari kufungidzira remangwana.

Kwevari vachiongorora mamiriro kwezvakatipoteredza

Environmental zvichiongororwa - kwegadziriro multi-chechetere. Nokuwedzera rinotsvaka sezvizvi:

- Detailed chechetere. Monitoring iri rakatangwa munzvimbo duku.

- Local chechetere. ino aumbwa apo chikamu hwakadzama zvichiongororwa ikashandiswa mumidziyo mumwe. Kureva kuti zvawave muruwa, kana guta guru.

- Regional chechetere. Rinotaura nyika munharaunda dzakawanda mukati ezvinhu kana dunhu.

- National chechetere. chimiro chake aibatanidza munyika imwe remunharaunda zvichiongororwa hurongwa.

- Global chechetere. It integrates richiona enyika vemarudzi akawanda. basa rake - kuongorora mamiriro kwezvakatipoteredza munyika yose, kuti kufanotaura kuchinja ayo kuitika, zvikurukuru, uye somugumisiro matambudziko ose anthropogenic zvikonzero pamusoro biosphere.

kuongorora chirongwa

Environmental zvichiongororwa zvesayenzi yakavakirwa uye ine chirongwa chacho. It rinoti chinangwa musangano, kongiri matanho uye nzira Implementation. Huru anoumba purogiramu kwezvakatipoteredza zvichiongororwa, zvinotevera:

- The mazita zvinhu kuti zvinoongororwa. A chaiyoiyo chinoratidza mundima yavo.

- The mazita zviratidzi ari kuramba kuongorora uye muganhu kuchinja dzavo.

Pakupedzisira, nguva puranga, kureva, kangani anofanira kutora ivhu, uye kana mashoko zvinofanira inopiwa.