Easy genetics: recessive unhu - zviri ...

Recessive unhu - chine asingaiti unooneka kana pane chikuru allele genotype zvakafanana chiratidzo. Kuti tinzwisise zviri nani tsanangudzo iyi, ngationei kubata kunoita Coding zviratidzo kuitika majini chechetere.

A vakasvimha dzidziso

Mumwe nzi kukwana encoded vaviri majini, alleles, mumwe kubva mubereki mumwe. Alleles akakamurwa kuzivikanwa uye recessive. Kana gamete varipo rave uye recessive allele, kuti phenotype achaonekwa zvakazara. Pfungwa iyi inoratidza muenzaniso kosi chikoro zvipenyu nyore kana mumwe mubereki rwebhuruu meso, uye mumwe - mashava, zvino mwana anogona kuva maziso shava, sezvo yebhuruu - recessive unhu. Kutonga uku kunouya kana ari genotype mbiri vabereki shava takangwaririra tsamba allele zvakazara. Meso shava mhinduro A Gene kuti rwebhuruu - a. Zvadaro, kana mayambuka akawanda zvichibvira mikana:

P: AA X AA;

F1: AA AA AA AA.

heterozygous vana vose kwakaratidzwa zvakazara - meso mashava.

Ipfungwa Second:

P: AA X AA;

F1: AA, AA, AA, AA.

With ichi vayambuka uye kuratidza recessive unhu (Meso ichi rwebhuruu). Mukana kuti mwana achava rebhuruu achishamisika - 50%.

Saizvozvowo nhaka albinism (pigmentation zvinetso), upofu, hemophilia. Izvi unhu recessive womunhu, anoonekwa chete pasina hukuru allele.

Features recessive Maitiro

Vazhinji recessive miitiro vavapo somugumisiro nemagene kunotouraya. Yeuka Somuenzaniso, zvakaitika Thomas Morgan nezvibereko kubhururuka Drosophila. The kuipa ziso ruvara nokuda nenhunzi - red uye vamwe chena takangwaririra Nhunzi chikonzero chaiva mutation riri X chromosome. Uye pakanga recessive, zvepabonde zvakabatana.

Hemophilia A uye upofu uyewo ndezvaMwari recessive nounhu, pabonde-zvakabatana.

Funga achiyambuka recessive Maitiro somuenzaniso ruvara upofu. Ngatitii kuti zviratidzo anokonzera kuipa ruvara maonero, - X, mumwe mutant - X ^d. Crossbreeding iri sezvinotevera:

P: XX X X ^D Y;

F1: XX ^{d, D} XX, xy, xy.

Ndiko, kana baba ruvara bofu, uye mai vake rakanga utano hwakanaka, vana vose vachava noutano, asi vasikana vachava vatakuri ruvara upofu Gene, inova 50% mukana kuti kuratidzwa dzavo dzechirume vana. Women colorblindness hariwanikwi chaizvo, nokuti utano X chromosome compensates nokuda mutant.

Mamwe Gene kudyidzana

The yapfuura muenzaniso pamwe ruvara nameso ake - muenzaniso yokutongwa zvachose, kuti ndiye, rave jini chose drowns kunze recessive Gene. Sign wakaratidzwa genotype anoenderana chikuru allele. Asi pane nguva apo ringareva Gene haisi zvachose anovanza recessive, nezvibereko anoratidzwa muchinjikwa - zvakakurumbira itsva (kodominirovanie), kana anozviratidza majini vose (kukwana kutonga).

Kodominirovanie - isingawanzowanikwi chinoshamisa. Muvanhu kodominirovanie rinowanika chete nhaka hwemapoka ropa. Regai mumwe vabereki boka ropa (AA) wechipiri, wechipiri - boka rechitatu (BB). Vose A uye B noruzhinji zvakazara. Kana rwizi, tinoona kuti vana vose vane ropa boka rechina, coded sezvo AB. Izvi zvinooneka phenotype zvose nezviratidzo.

Also nhaka ruvara vazhinji maruva zvinomera. Kana mayambuka tsvuku uye chena zvikwenzi, zvinogona zvose matsvuku uye bi-mavara ruva. Kunyange tsvuku ndihwo, uye panyaya iyi, haina vasaziva recessive unhu. kudyidzana ichi umo zvose maitiro pachena zvakafanana nesimba genotype.

Mumwe muenzaniso chinoshamisa chine chokuita kodominirovaniem. By achiyambuka matsvuku pezvakasikwa Somugumisiro kungava rwepingi. The vaaleanpunainen ruvara iri nemhaka kukwana kutonga, kana chikuru allele interacts pamwe recessive. Saka, imwe itsva zvenguva chinhu.

non-allelic kudyidzana

Zvinonzi waiti munhu genotype kukwana kutonga hakusi chaiyo. kukwana kutonga mashandiro hakusi kushandiswawo ruvara nhaka. Kana mumwe wevabereki ganda riri rima, mumwe chiedza, uye mwana - rima, zvenguva nzira, hazvina muenzaniso kukwana kutonga. Muchiitiko ichi chete zvinoitika kudyidzana nonallelic magene.