Diorama "Sevastopol". The umhare kudzivirira Sevastopol. Diorama "Sevastopol": sei kuti

The diorama rinonzi "Storm pamusoro Sapun Mountain May 7, 1944" Zviri bazi National Museum of umhare kudzivirira uye kusunungurwa Sevastopol. Zviri 12 km kubva peguta.

Sei Diorama (Sevastopol)? How kusvika nayo?

The pfuma riri paGomo Sapun. Unogona kusvika shongwe kubva bhazi Malakhov. Aunotanga maawa: zuva kubva 9:00 kusvika 17:00, kunze weMuvhuro. Tikiti hofisi mukana kusvikira 16:30. Munguva kubva Chikunguru kusvika August, apo zviuru zvevashanyi kuenda Sevastopol, Diorama, pikicha kuti chinopiwa munyaya, zviri yakazaruka ose zuva kubva 9:00 kusvika 17:30. Kutenga tikiti panguva bhokisi kuhofisi inogona kusvika 17:00.

Events Historical kare

Of 1941-1942. - nguva yakapfuura ari umhare kudzivirira Sevastopol. The guta rakanga vakasunungurwa muna May 1944 akatendeuka kukuru kurwa paGomo Sapun. Kusvikira zvino, nzvimbo iyi kunoita nhoroondo vaiongorora zviitiko. Kunyange nhasi zvisaririra masoja vakachera namakoronga uye inoerera vari dzakasiyana, refu-refu kuzvidzivirira pfungwa, craters zvakadzama mabhomba uye anoshongwa, akafukidza zvakasvibirira matsva uswa. PaGomo Sapun akawana dzavo yokupotera vakawanda zvirangaridzo uye zvivako zviri chikamu chirangaridzo kunzwisisa munyika kukosha, yakatsaurirwa zviitiko Great Patriotic War. The Monument yokutanga mukukudza liberators ose Sevastopol vakanga yakaiswa pano ezvivako zvechiuto uye vavaki muchirimo 1944. Panguva chikumbiro ari mhare pakati rechi15 gore kusunungurwa guta kubva Nazi nechisimba akanaka Monument akasikwa - the diorama. Kutsigira Sevastopol - ane chokukomborerwa ushingi uye ushingi nemauto eSoviet. Kuyeukwa ichi vacharamba vari munyika nhoroondo nokusingaperi.

Kutanga Song

Musingavayemedzi basa kunyora unyanzvi-chidimbu vakagamuchira Moscow Studio nenyanzvi zvechiuto. MB Grekov. Executive basa rakatanga muna 1958, okusika chikwata PT Maltceva, umo kwaisanganisirawo NS Prisekin uye GI Marchenko. Kusika chaizvoizvo mabasa tenzi yakaisvonaka hwemashiripiti vasangana vechikamu ehondo paGomo Sapun, vainyatsoongorora zvakaitika nguva idzodzo, akaita zvakawanda yokunyora nokudhirowa, vanodhirowa yokunyora nokudhirowa ari mamiriro enzvimbo. Kusika shaped kanivhasi saizi 5.5 X 25.2 M uye mberi urongwa chinhu zvachose nzvimbo 83 sq. m. The vemifananidzo akatora 7 months.

Diorama (Sevastopol) yakanga yavakwazve musi November 4th of 1959, akava murwiyo rakakura zvakadaro saizi, iro nokusingaperi aishanda vatenzi Soviet ounyanzvi yakanaka yokutanga. Vanyori varo vakatsvaka uchatamisa vaifanira kuzara realism zviitiko zvinorondedzerwa. For nhamba vanhu ava zvakanyorwa dzinongoitika kukura kwevanhu, uye pamberi, zvinhu urongwa rinoumbwa nderechokwadi zvokushandisa, mayunifomu, zvombo, zvidimbu engineering zvivako, inounganidzwa kubva dzeminda. Musi kanivhasi kuti diorama zvinoratidzira pezvaiitwa varwi chaivo akatora mugove kudzivirira Sevastopol. Kuvapa mufananidzo wechinhu, vemifananidzo akashandiswa muvhidhiyo mifananidzo. Ivowo yakurukurwa kuti emhizha wokuenzanisira ane akafanana chimiro kana kunyange magamba pachavo otgremevshego hondo.

Chirangaridzo kunzwisisa

Diorama (Sevastopol) iri muchivako panguva pamusoro Sapun Mountain, chete apo zviitiko zvinorondedzerwa zvakaitika izvozvo. Kubva muvharanda, riri pamusoro kunze chivakwa, rinopa vashanyi yaizivikanwa kuti Nzvimbo mhando akabatwa by the artist pamusoro kanivhasi. Pasi pasi, kuongorora yevedza anoumba anopenya nevashanyi, yakasiyana miziyamu inoratidzirwa vanoda "Sevastopol muHondo Yenyika II."

Next chivako unogona kuona imwe rokuti zvinokosha chokurangaridza kunzwisisa. Pano vashanyi vachaona Huro kwemasimba rechiuto zvokushandisa, izvo muchirongwa hondo chaiyo. Diorama (Sebastopol) akapoteredzwa matangi, wengarava uye munda atirari, Anti ndege uye kuzvidzora propelled pfuti, uyewo Guards akakurumbira mumaturi "Katyusha". Chikuru chepfungwa chirangaridzo kunzwisisa "Sapun Mountain" iri vaiona obelisk yeKubwinya ane 28-mutinhimira mukuru, mujinga iyo kubva 1970 kuramba yakavhenekera nokusingaperi womoto.

Mufananidzo "Kutsigira Sevastopol"

In yehondo uye post-hondo nguva kwave mabasa mazhinji mukukudza kukunda fascism, kuti kuchengeta kuyeuka varwi rawa. Diorama (Sebastopol) ndiro rimwe remasangano chirangaridzo kuna zvakaitika 1941-1945. vemifananidzo vakawanda vanoratidzwa ake pamatende zvimedu kuti hondo inotyisa.

Mutsindo painter Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Deyneka akanyora: "Ndimi Great anozvarwa somugumisiro hombe dzinongoitika manzwiro, uye kunogona kwete chete zvokungonakidzwa, asi hasha." manzwiro akadaro kuti - ruvengo rukuru uye hasha muvengi - fema kupenda ake "Kutsigira Sevastopol" uye "On nechokunze Moscow," rakanyorwa panguva Second World War. Izvi zvinopikisana kwakakwana nemabasa ake akapfuura, zvakazadza nechido, mutambo mufaro nokubudirira Soviet rwokugadzira mberi, muchitenda mupfungwa utano kumuviri uye pfungwa rugare zvachose. "Kutsigira Sevastopol" - yakakurumbira chidimbu AA Deineka, rakanyorwa muMoscow muna 1942. Panguva ino, kanivhasi rinomiririrwa muna Russian Museum muSt Petersburg.

nhoroondo mashoko

Kubva Nhoroondo data, zvinganzi vaifungidzira kuti mufananidzo AA Dejneka rinotaura zviitiko kuwa Sevastopol muna 1941, nokuti riri gore rino munguva kubva 30 October kusvika 21 November, vaNazi vapedza uuraye wokutanga guta. Hondo First dzakarwiwa pamusoro kure makwara nzira Sevastopol, uye kubva November 2 kurwisa rakatanga kuzvidzivirira nenhare. Sezvo ari Army muguta hakusisipo, kudzivirira Sevastopol akatora Marines of Black Sea Fleet, munhu wacho dzakabatana uchishandisa moto rutsigiro ngarava. Kurwa akatora chikamu uye pamahombekombe mabhatiri.

kuratidzwa zviitiko

Panguva Great Patriotic War kubudikidza mauto eGermany akanga vakaedza 3 kuedza kutora Sebastopol. Wokupedzisira hondo nokuti guta rapera July 9, 1942 Pasinei nokuti mufananidzo kuratidzwa AA Deineka, haasi echokwadi, pamusoro building pamusoro Sevastopol muAtlantic mazana kurwa kwakadaro. The munyori akakwanisa kubudisa musoja heroism pamusoro kanivhasi Feat guru Marines vaya vakabayira upenyu hwavo kudzivirira guta.

tsananguro

Kutanga mufananidzo "Kutsigira Sevastopol", yokudhirowa anoudza vateereri sokuti akasuruvara, utsinye nhoroondo. Mairi, iye anorondedzera hondo hwaiitika pamusoro building, umo vezvikepe Soviet richakudzikatira kumucheto muvengi guta chikwata. Kure munhu anogona kuona matongo edzimba vakamira, vakakomba moto uri kunganduma. Munguva nechekumberi, kuti kupenda chinofananidzira vakakuvadzwa wechikepe, kukanda boka magirinedhi. Chiso chake vasingaratidzi uye asingatyi, maoko rakawedzera rinooneka kurutivi, makumbo paupamhi kunze. Pose mukwasvi inomiririra yose inaccessibility, kuzvitsaurira uye kuda kumisa muvengi chero zvodini. Kupa chaizvo kuva, AA Dejneka wairatidza nechepakati mufananidzo murwi pamwe iya kuruboshwe pakona, saka kusiya nzvimbo kuti ndege magirinedhi. By noukuru munhu wokupedzisira apererwa rikakandwa, achipa yose simba uye kunoshamisa sezvamunoita. Uchatamisa groznosti uye kumanikidzwa kusvika muvengi mauto munyori anoshandisa nzira chaiyo - akanamatira bladed bayonets kwepfuti.

No masanga kuti womufananidzo zvinoratidzira murwi nhema yechiFascist makumbo disproportionately diki zvichienzaniswa huru hunhu pamufananidzo. Saka Dejneka anoratidza simba uye rubatsiro kumeso muvengi uto reSoviet. Mufananidzo "Kutsigira Sevastopol" - haisi kutamba Zvikamu remapazi echiuto, uye kupfuura zvose chifananidzo zvokufananidzira zviri kudhumhana wevarwi Soviet chena, ane rima, anenge faceless vakawanda nechisimba. Deineki kanivhasi sezvo basa dzimwe vemifananidzo zhinji, immortalized kuyeuka magamba Hondo Yenyika II, achitora chikamu hondo dzinotyisa uye akapa upenyu hwavo nekuda rusununguko nyika yavo.