Development of psyche iri phylogeny: iri paradigm pamusoro yokungotaura kuongorora uye muitiro matanho

Kuti chinangwa tinzwisise nyaya kusimudzira vanhu psyche mukati phylogeny, chinofanira kujekesa zviri pfungwa iyi.

Phylogeny anomiririra kukura zvipenyu muviri nokuda nhoroondo ezvinhu uye zvinhu zvine kukura ichi uye kushumira zvinyorwa zvayo. Schematized inogona achimiririrwa branching muti, iri kuwedzera uye mamwe matavi zvabayiwa mu nedanho kukura, nepo vamwe vari kukura.

Siyanei ari kugutsikana anoshumira rokuti ontogenesis, sezvaari nomumwe naErnst Haeckel , uye kunosanganisira kufunga kukura sezvo inofanira Kuzadziswa majini aikwanisa ane muviri kana yenhengo dzayo uye mabasa.

To musi, sainzi kwakasimbiswa yakawanda nhungamiro nedzidziso kuongorora kukura psyche iri phylogeny. musiyano wavo chikuru inomira ndechokuti vanoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana uye dzinokosha dzekuziva kuti kunyatsoongorora vamwe parameters womunhu psyche.

Ngatimbokurukurai zvimwe zvacho.

Antropopsihizm - dzidziso kuti wakarurama Rene Dekart, rinobva pakuti akaziva axiomatic mamiriro Kuwanikwa psyche kwemarudzi ichi chete somurume. Mupfungwa iyi, Descartes anotora pfungwa yacho shanduka mifananidzo panowanikwa psyche wayo kwokunze conditionality.

Vamiririri zvimwe zvikoro - panpsychism (ndiko, pakutanga kwezvose, vamiririri French zvinhu pamusoro Helvetius, Diderot, La Mettrie) aidavira kuti kukura psyche iri phylogeny haana, zvinhu zvatisingagoni uye kuri pazvose tichigara, akadai ibwe, mvura nehuni. In ichi vakaona kunamata hwekurarama zvose.

More mwero tichienzanisa dzidziso panpsychism timboona kukura psyche iri phylogeny, izvo vakanamatira havaoni biopsihizma - Erich Fromm, A. Lowen. Vaitsanangura kuvapo mupfungwa chete mhuka, zvirimwa yaisanganisira.

Kakawanda chaizvo munyika sayenzi ndiwo maonero vamiririri neyropsihizma - chikoro chesayenzi, unonzi muvambi Charles Darwin. Maererano nedzidziso iyi, kukura psyche iri phylogeny kunogona kuitika chete idzodzo zvipenyu nhaka tsinga. The chikoro, Chokwadi, akanga asiri chete rave zvesayenzi Soviet, asiwo, zvichida, chete haana kukonzera chero pfungwa kutsoropodza uye kutambudzwa. Zvisinei, kuchine mibvunzo yakawanda vasingagoni kupindura neyropsihizm, kunyange mupiro vamwe vamiririri vayo munyika sayenzi hazvigoni dzakanaka.

Kuti uzive kuti ari kukura psyche mukufamba phylogeny, vakatanga vakaedza rakatetepa mirayiridzo neyropsihizma - mozgopsihizm, mumwe huru yesayenzi dzematongerwe yakatanhamara neuropsychologist KK Platonov. The vamiririri paradigm ichi pakuti psyche - chizenga pamusoro zvipenyu vasina chete tsinga, uye zvikuru akakwana yawo chaikosha - uropi. Uropi, mune chokwadi, chete nemhuka yakakwirira ane tubular chimiro, apo zvipembenene Somuenzaniso, vane nodular maumbirwo nemamiriro tsinga.

Pasinei Misiyano vose gadziriro idzi ruzivo, ivo vose vanoziva kuti kuvapo pfungwa dzevanhu uye pfungwa iri pakuva rive rudzi. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kwete chete okukura kwepfungwa ari phylogenetic muitiro. pfuma iyi inechirevo kuvandudzika psyche iri ontogenesis.

psyche shanduka kunosanganisira matanho akawanda:

- kuchinja kubva motor-kutsinga dzinouya maonero uye kufungisisa kune perceptual chimiro;

- kwebasa perceptual chimiro ungwaru Danho;

- kukura mupfungwa rine ungwaru pachiyero kuziva, umo huru parametrial ehupfumi pamusoro psyche wacho anogona kuita chinhu-kusikwa chaicho dzatinoshandira mifananidzo, mutauro kutora, uye kuvandudzwa zvakakwana kushanda zivo muupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye dzemunharaunda yokuzvibata.

Kufunga nomumwe maitikiro izvi idambudziko ravakwa guru, vakapiwa multiplicity pakati kududzira uye zvikuru kuzviitira hunhu umbowo rinoshandiswa mumunda ichi nesayenzi.