CPL-Sefa pamwe tenderera polarization. Photography zvidzidzo

Ndechipi polarizing firita CPL? Ichi chombo kuti mifananidzo ose vanofanira mubhegi yavo. Sezvo Polarizer chokuita mufananidzo? Kuti vave kunzwisisa maererano nguva iyi kakawanda tinoda refu nguva kuedza. Munyaya ino uchadzidza kuti rikurumidze izvi zvakawanda chigadzirwa ichi kunogona kuita basa nyore (uye dzimwe nguva kukuvadza) mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana.

Where wanamatira CPL-Filter? Iye anogara pamberi mberi izvo. sei mudziyo basa? It filters rakananga kuratidzwa chezuva pasi opredelennіmi pamakona. Hazvisi panzvimbo, sezvo dzimwe chiedza noruvara kazhinji vapfumi uye zvakawanda akapararira. Kushanda mudziyo uyu kunoda kuwedzera pakunzwisisa (sezvo vamwe mwaranzi vari vakatsauka). Nokudzora filtration angled imhaka vachishandisa kutenderera mudziyo. Kubva kuwana mutsetse-of-maonero kwezuva hama kuti nesimba kushanda kunoenderana.

kutenderera firita

Kana tichishandisa CPL-Sefa, unogona kuwana kunonyanyisa nomugumisiro? kana chete mutsara maonero kamera riri perpendicular chiedza chezuva. Zvinokwanisika kufungidzira, kutumira indekisi nomunwe muzuva, uye napagumwe roruoko panguva iyoyowo uchingoti naye yakarurama akachinjikana. Paunenge tenderera ruoko, achinongedza chiedza masikati, upi Chokwadi, izvo zvichaita anoratidza thumbs wako achasarudza mutsara chemhando maturo pamusoro polarizer.

Zvisinei, chokwadi chokuti CPL-Sefa ichapa migumisiro yakanakisisa munzvimbo idzi hazvirevi hazvo kuti maari basa rake chichasimbiswa kwazvo kuchioneka. Chivharo polarization vachaonekwa kana rotates, izvo anochinja pakona noruremekedzo kuti kwaedza. Kuti kuona basa Sefa, zvakanakisisa kuzvitengesa, kutarisa kamera vanoratidza kana kwake viewfinder.

In pokushandisa mhami angled izvo zvinogona kuwanikwa mugumisiro kunaka, sezvo polarization migumisiro kuvimba pakona. Chimwe chikamu mufananidzo anogona kuiswa panguva rworudyi pakona yorusvingo kusvikira zuva, uye mumwe - kwaari. Muchiitiko chino, pane rumwe rutivi Photo polarizing kushanda haangavi kuoneka, asi pane dzimwe - zvinogona kuonekwa.

Zviri pachena kuti rakafara-angled lenses kukwana. Zvisinei, akatendeuka "polyarika" zvinogona dzimwe nguva kuti upenyu zvakawanda. Kakawanda, zviri nyanzvi akaisa kupfuura raidudzwa mugumisiro polarization pedyo kumucheto kana pakona mufananidzo.

tsananguro

Photographers rokusika yepamusoro mifananidzo kushandisa mhando mbiri filters: Linear uye tenderera polarization. mano aya voga uye vakaparadzana zvikamu vakapfuma inobudisa chiedza. Uchibatsirwa wavo, achibvisa pasi, unogona Anosakurawo kubva yakajeka kudzvokora, kana kuti andobata kwenzvimbo kunze nepahwindo pasina yayo kufungisisa mugirazi.

Linear filters kuita Kuvhiyiwa - Ivo dzakachinja chiedza akapfuura chete ndege imwe. Namano tenderera polarization kupa kuwana mwaranzi, munhu dzakachinjwa denderedzwa. Ivo chero refraction yemwaranzi iri dzikwanise idenderedzwa. Kutaura zvazviri, dzakaita raundi "polyarik" hakuiti kuvhiringidza autofocus anoita pachena guessing dzokupisa, uye anogona kuiswa pa makamera zvose (kusanganisira vakwegura).

Nokudaro kudzvokora pasingadiwi vanopiwawo zvachose, sezvo vari mudziyo pamwe Linear polarization. CPL-Sefa anopa "zvakachena" idenderedzwa refraction chiedza chete panguva imwe wavelength. In chinozunguzirwa ndiro Manyiminya nzira musiyano pakati weboka zvayo nyore uye zvinoshamisa mwaranzi ari kota pakureba kwayo chaizvo. Nokuti dzimwe wavelengths ose mudziyo kuchaita kuratidza chinhu elliptical Impact.

Circular filters kuzokuomera zororo, saka mari yavo yakakwirira. Pamusoro kunze ari mudziyo wakaiswa kwakajairika Linear mudziyo, uye pamwe mukati - the kota-wave ndiro kuti vatendeuki Linear polarization kupinda idenderedzwa.

mufananidzo

Polarizing filters nokuti kamera - nayo kuti midziyo yemagetsi, zvakagadzirirwa kuparadza pasingadiwi zvinokonzerwa (zvichiratidza, kudzvokora), kupenya kuderera (pamwe yakafanana kuwedzera saturation) dzokudenga uye zvimwe zvinhu kuti awane aesthetic zvinangwa. Vanotarisira kufanana zvavo filters, asi vane zvikamu kumberi uye rwemberi zvakaenzana ukobvu chinogona tenderera vakasununguka.

Rakashandiswa CPL-Filter? Chii mudziyo uyu? rwemberi chikamu chawo ari Volt kune izvo, zvinozoita anosarudzwa nekuvhura mberi hafu chero akachinjikana. The chidimbu pamberi akwaniswe ane womukati shinda, iyo wanamatira Via ane Hoods chinangwa butiro Threaded kana zvimwe filters kuti chinhu chisingarambiki zvinobatsira.

zvikamu zvakasiyana anogona kupa chipenye zvinhu achatonga zvakasiyana pamakona ose polarization, iyo synchronously vanodzivisa mumwe Sefa hazvibviri. Uyezve, chakafanana pakati kuumbwa nyaya ingava guru nhamba. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, shandisa varambe vakamonyanisa polarizing filters, uye, vose, kunze neshure, anofanira linearly inobudisa. Izvi zvinokosha nokuti Manyiminya compensator yaigadzikwa mune raundi Sefa kunodzivisa ari kubudirira anoitwa mamwe namano kuti zvingaonekwa wakaiswa shure nayo.

The zvakawanda yakakurumbira polarizing Sefa kuti izvo? Manyiminya arambe achirema Its unowanzoonekwa rakamiswa ari zvinobva maviri nemashanu. Pangava ruvara kusarurama. Kazhinji, vamwe namano vane Donhwe kumisa ari Violet-yebhuruu nharaunda, nokuda izvo mufananidzo kuwanwa nyoro tint. Cheap dzeserura anogona bereka wakanaka yksityiskohta chinonyangadza. "Polyarik" pamwe "unodzivirira" UV-zvichivhiringidza Sefa iri kuvhiyiwa mudziyo mune mapikicha dzakawanda.

mashoko

Kazhinji, munhu polarizing Sefa anogadzirwa muchimiro ndiro mbiri zvakagadzirwa negirazi. Pakati pavo anoiswa Polaroid firimu rine Linear dichroism. chinhu ichi ndiyo imwe paiva cellulose acetate dzine anoyevedza nhamba duku microlites herapathite (Quinine sulfate iodide akakura).

Kushandisa kwakadaro ayodhini-polyvinyl firimu pamwe akatarisa polymer ngetani synchronously. Dzidziso microlites fanana maonero electric munda, uye polymer namaketani vari kuendeswa zvemaziso ndichisveerera. Circular Sefa, mukuwedzera, iri akashongedzerwa ane Manyiminya compensator - kota-wave danho ndiro. Pachishandiswa chikamu ichi inogona kutsunga nzira musiyano maviri mwaranzi kunotangira. It anoshanda maererano Chiitiko kuti kaviri refraction chiedza muna crystals.

Kutendeuka chiedza

Simple uye aakatipa mwaranzi vane aimhanya zvakasiyana. Dzavo Manyiminya nzira yakareba zvakare siyana. Saka, havana kuwana sitiroko musiyano akayera ukobvu pamusoro sekristaro, kuburikidza icho. Zvinonzi yakaiswa pamusoro panzira achifamba danda polarizer uye zvayaitenderera paguyo panguva neungano kusvikira panguva yakadai yaro oscillation akabatana haazorambi uwirirane Manyiminya namasanhu.

Panzvimbo ino, kuti kota-wave ndiro vatendeuki ari linearly inobudisa matanda mukati circularly inobudisa chiedza (kana vakutarisire) nokuwedzera musiyano sitiroko kuti madhigirii 90. With vakadaro zvinhu zvakaitwa zvose "polyariki". Musiyano mutengo, uye sezvakaita nokuti mamwe akaturikidzana: unodzivirira, antireflective, mvura-dzinga.

chitarisiko

Apo polarizing Sefa nokuti izvo yakagadzirwa? chigadzirwa ichi kwakatangwa kuburikidza kukura pezvokuvamba TTL otomatiki kamera, izvo, kusafanana mifananidzo, vava novimba matambudziko utsanzi pamusoro chiedza.

Kazhinji Linear-polarization nemwaranzi kunokutadzisa metering uye SLR makamera aoma tunodzivisa kushanda zvaitika kutotanga kutaura.

Nezvenyeredzi, "polyariki" akaumbwa mano nako akadzidza dzeraundi uye Linear kuchinja chiedza zvinhu achigara muchadenga.

Polarizing cherechedzo ndiyo nzira inokosha yokuwana mashoko pamusoro inogona remagineti kumatunhu generating nemwaranzi pa, muti, dwarfs chena.

nikon CPL

Polarizing Filter CPL Nikon 52 mm - chinhu chinokosha kuti nzvimbo mifananidzo uye vaya vanoda kuwana yepamusoro mifananidzo. Pane zvinenge nhanhatu zvikonzero nei uchifanira kutenga chigadzirwa ichi:

• Nokuti kutora mifananidzo yetumedu mvura (chinova zvasviba uye kupfuura segirazi).
• Shooting girl (kuwedzera "saturation" denga uye girini).
• Nokuti vachipfura necheparutivi nepahwindo (kubvisa kudzvokora uye zvichiratidza kubva girazi).
• Kubviswa pakati zvichiratidza kuine zuva (mvura, girazi, michina).
• Kuwedzera shutter nokukurumidza kuti vaviri kwamira (kana zvakakodzera).
• Gogorosi kudzivirira zvokuimba zvazvinoita.

Buy Sefa ichi zvakakodzera kuti vaya kuenda ushamwari nyika - chinhu chinokosha zvikuru kubudisa mavara mifananidzo. Inopenya mushana mudziyo uyu kunonatsiridza mufananidzo unhu nokuwedzera musiyano uye saturation, saka kubvisa maumi.

kurambidzwa

vanhu vaya vanoda kudzidza kutora mifananidzo yakanaka, tora mifananidzo zvidzidzo kubva nyanzvi. How kushandisa polarizing firita? hunokwanisa dhayamita ari mudziyo zvakafanira remhepo kamera izvo. Rotating ari sekristaro ari Sefa, unofanira kusarudza zvinodiwa mwero polarization, vachibvumira kubatwa kubvisa kudzvokora nemvura kana girazi uye kumubatsirawo zvakawanda fluffy uye chena namakore, azere denga.

Pane dzimwe rairambidzwa kushandisa vakadaro mano:

• Rotating polarization Sefa zvinofanira kukurukurwa kuti zvinotarisirwa mugumisiro vakaomerwa nzvimbo pachaiswa panguva anenge 90 madhigirii kubva kwokutanga nzvimbo. Kana mudziyo wacho zvayaitenderera paguyo 180 madhigirii, rinoshamisa ichi achaita mufananidzo wacho pakutanga.
• "Polyariki" kunyevenutsa chiedza nekubudisa kupinda CCD kamera kubudikidza izvo, saka nyanzvi kazhinji kuwedzera nengaidzo pamusoro chokupfeka pachikuva 1-2.

kutadza

Photography zvidzidzo inodiwa kuti beginners rokusika yepamusoro mifananidzo. Takawana kuti "polyariki" anobatsira chaizvo. Zvinosuruvarisa, vane zvinotevera payakaipira:

• Nokuda kwaizvozvi, kuti dzokupisa midziyo anogona kukumbira zvimwe chiedza 4-8 nguva (2-3 matanho) pane dzose.
• Vanofanira mumwe angled panyaya zuva kuwana zvakanakisisa mugumisiro.
• With filters izvi pamusoro kamera viewfinder chinonetsa okuMabvazuva.
• Uyu ndiwo mumwe zviridzwa zvikuru zvinodhura.
• Ivo zvinoda kutenderera, saka anogona kuwedzera kusarudzwa murwiyo.
• Kazhinji havagoni kushandiswa hwayo-angled uye panoramic image.
• Kana Sefa inetsvina, zvinogona kuderedza mufananidzo unhu.

Uyezve, dzimwe nguva kuratidzwa inodiwa ari mufananidzo. Chinonyanya unoshamisa muenzaniso muraraungu uye kunyura kwezuva. Zvakakodzera kuti chero wavo kushandisa polarizer mavara kufungisisa anogona kunyangarika zvachose kana pobloknut.

Other kurumbidza

Filters nokuti kamera - vari dzakaoma namano. Asi iwe unogona kudzidza kushanda navo pamusoro nguva. "Polyarik" dzimwe nguva kushandiswa kana zvakakodzera kuwedzera nguva dzokuteerera. Sezvo kunogona kuderedza 4-8 nguva (2-3 matanho) zvitange chiedza, unogona kushandiswa kubvisa mvura nemapopoma.

Kana kupfeka polarizer dzezvidzidzo angled izvo, zvinogona kuumba catchy pamupendero achiipa mufananidzo ( "vignetting"). Kuti izvi zvisaitike, pamwe une kutenga zvimwe "usingaoneki" pfungwa zvinodhura.

Circular polarizers akanga akaisa kuna AF maitiro uye metering mukamuri akaramba kushandisa apo akapfeka firita. Linear "polyariki" isingadhuri zvikuru, asi havagoni kushandiswa zvikuru digitaalinen SLR makamera (kubva vanoshandisa danho vasabatwa autofocus uye TTL - metering kubudikidza izvo).