Common Pochard: mapikicha, tsananguro, dzinogarisana

Mhuri duck zvikuru zvakawanda, zvinosanganisira zvinopfuura 100 marudzi. shelduck ichi, chena musoro Dhadha, kuti Dhadha-chikepe, Baikal Teal, mavara Teal, mallard, shoveler, merganser wokuBrazil, Muscovy Dhadha, pochard uye nevamwe.

Nyaya rinotaura pamusoro kuchangobva akasiyana Dhadha mhuri.

tsananguro

Pochard - chinhu Dhadha, ane uremu rinosvika 1400 magiramu. The shiri ine gobvu muviri, zvishoma kusvinwa laterally. Munguva kutiza, anomutsa zvikuru nemuti rutsoka kumusoro, nokuti chii chinotora svoebrazny curved chimiro. Kukosha akaenzana kukura musoro muromo. In ruvara ndiye, mukono (Drake) red-mashava ane ruvara Sheen uye Dhadha musoro yakatsvuka. The mapapiro ndiyo 0.6-0.8 mamita. Pochard dhadha-hombe vanhukadzi. Zvinofadza muswe wake. The shure uye muchipfuva muri vachitova rima kuchena, anogona kuva mashava. Zamu uye dumbu chiedza pfumbu mumvuri. muromo ruvara kubva wachena anova tsvina mutema. Rinoteta vanhu vose varume navakadzi, hombe, vachena ruvara. At bhokisi Drake nevanhu mapendekete vatema pasi, vhudzi shure, mativi kana kupinda ne transverse ripples. Muromo, kusiyana vakadzi, hapana zvitema, rima pamusoro.

Mafambiro-mberi

Pochard - rakaisvonaka dhaivha, mumvura kuti 30-40 seconds. shiri iyi yakanyarara. The hadzi ane shoshoma izwi, vachingoshandisa anochema munguva kutiza. Drake munguva ichangobuda neapo unobereka kutinhira kwakafanana showing.

Pochard, ane pikicha iri mupepa, zvakaoma kubvisa, asi nhunzi. Ronda ake wamapapiro pa nyaya nani unopinza inzwi. Mukusarudza Mobile upenyu, vazhinji vakange vakatakura pamusoro pemvura.

Vamiriri ava rudzi vanogona kurarama kwemakore 20, asi avhareji nguva muupenyu hwavo iduku zvikuru. Zvikurukuru,-refu refu shiri vakatapwa, uko vari vakatarira pashure, akadyisa uye kubatwa zvakanaka.

Common Pochard: dzinogarisana

Zviripiko shiri idzi vararame? Pakutanga dives akagara ari mapazi ose steppes uye masango-steppes, asi zvishoma nezvishoma dzinogarisana yave kuwedzerwa, uye shiri vakagara pamusoro inodziya mumadhamu makuru Europe, iri kuchamhembe uye kumadokero. Izvi imhaka kuperevedza mvura yekushandisa nzvimbo kugarwa nokuda dzinongoitika kuchinja uye kwaita zvakakunakira zvinopiwa mwana madhamu ari maindasitiri mumaguta Europe.

Mundima kugarwa (maberekero range) zvikuru rakakura; nayo pakugadzwa Britain kuna Lake Baikal, kuti reCaspian neGungwa Black kuna Amu DARYA uye kunozivikanwa Semirechye. Southern mhiri kwemakungwa nemisha svetuka nzvimbo dziri dzisinganayi munyu marshes. Muna US and Canada anogona kuwanika kuchamhembe madziva (Athabasca, Buffalo, Manitoba), uye mune makomo ari Sierra Nevada kusvikira kumavirira kondinendi iri kumabvazuva Delta yoRwizi Nebraska. In Africa, shiri idzi vanogara kumaodzanyemba nzvimbo Cape Verde, asi muna Arabia.

Winter pochard inopedza muGungwa reBaltic, Sea North, Sea Dema, Gungwa reMediterranean uye reCaspian nemahombekombe, asiwo muzvitsuwa Japanese, pamusoro reSiriya uye Iraqi kumhenderekedzo, munzvimbo dziri mumhenderekedzo dzegungwa kuti Iran uye Pakistan uye kuchamhembe kweIndia.

Molt - imwe nguva inokosha muupenyu

Pane dzimwe nguva drakes dives inotumirwa pfupi-rokuti molting. Gore negore vanobhururuka panzvimbo apo vanoungana huru ezvipfuwo. Molting anotora nzvimbo kunyanya musango mudziva. nguva yokutanga ivo Molt muzhizha - zviri Reset muchato zvipfeko, Re - autumn - pamberi itsva muchato mitambo. Young drakes Molt wokutanga September uye wozoshandura zvachose minhenga yadzo.

The hadzi Anoenda moulting pamusoro dendere, uye kana iye asingadi uchizvidya, iye anoteura nevanhurume.

Dzinotama migwagwa dives

Dives vari dzinotama uye ndakagara. Recent kurarama bedzi pachitsuwa Britain. Izvi zvakare svika nechando dives kubva Norway kuchamhembe Germany, kubva kuBaltic States uye kuchamhembe Russia. On nesting maviri vanoenda pashure kunyangarika chando kubva madziva.

On Kokchetav madhamu (kuchamhembe Kazakhstan) uye madhamu ari kuKurgan nharaunda iri kuenda Molt chikamu chiduku shiri kubva Urals, Western Siberia uye Khanty-Mansiysk zvionera Okrug. Vakawanda iwo ipapo drakes dzinobhururuka pamusoro Gungwa reMediterranean, apo ivo kupedza chando. Vanobhururuka, kupfuura pamakomo Southern Urals, Don pamapani uye kumaodzanyemba Ukraine. A chiduku zvinosara Sea Black nemhenderekedzo. Vamwe nendege kweGungwa reCaspian.

Mushure British chando muna March anouya kutiza nguva, iyo rinoitwa kuguma April usati. Kuchamhembe-yokumadokero munharaunda Sea Black shiri vanotanga kuenda mukutanga April. Adjara vanosiya pakupera March. Fly kubva Iraq muna March. On the nesting svetuka anowana kudoka. The Middle Volga nharaunda, unowanikwazve okupedzisira vhiki April uye kuguma May uchiri kukwanisa kuona makwai maduku shiri dzinotama. Pakapera April unogona kutarisa vanobudisa kutiza kweshiri idzi kuburikidza Tartary.

Chando pazvitsuwa Japanese Pochard ibvai pakupera April. The drakes kutanga kubhururuka vavatevere masvondo maviri nendege vanhukadzi uye vechiduku shiri.

nesting

Dendere anoda svetuka madhamu zvakadzama taiga, sango inowanzorimwa, apo vazhinji tsanga, uye akazaruka munzvimbo. The nesting nzvimbo shiri dzichibhururuka zvipfuyo diki, anobata mvura inenge. Zvakanaka pamwe chete nedzimwe mhando duck, kwete kukwikwidzana navo pamusoro chikamu zvokudya kugadzirwa, sezvo inosimbisa achinyanya usiku. Vakati rora, vanosarudza muriwo Muterere. Panguva kutama uye chando shiri pamwe guru ezvipfuwo.

Anoparadzirwa nenzira dendere nzvimbo, vasiyana dzakanzi pakati hwemvura rekushongedzesa. Chikonzero ndechokuti tsotso netsanga nuija kana zvine Zvichakadaro kupinda. Zvino pochard, kuti pamusoro apa, zviri mudungwe Zvinhu Zvisina Basa chitsiga kubva pazamu uye Downy rukukwe orutivi mugodhi. Izvi zvinoyangarara Chimiro inoomerera zvakanaka uye hunobva mvura nokuda madzinde nemidzi hwemvura zvirimwa. Chimwe dendere inovakwa pamusoro anorovera uye anorovera, akafukidza netsanga pamhenderekedzo, kwete kure mvura. Hazvina kubva mashizha mumhenderekedzo yegungwa zvinomera, ane dhayamita pamusoro masendimita 30 uye kukwirira kwayo - 25 cm.

chikafu

Zvokudya nzvimbo nokuda kwavo mitumbi mvura, iyo yakawanda hwemvura zvinomera, dzimwe nguva haana guru chaizvo. Uyewo, havaiti kunzvenga munyu makungwa, apo pane zvokudya. Power dives zvose chirimwa uye mhuka (mazana, umhutu, utunga, tadpoles, etc.). Diet kuchinja zvichienderana nemwaka. Kuchinja - chitubu uye kwematsutso - miriwo chikafu, zhizha nechando - mhuka.

kubereka

Sezvo Anowanza pochard? Vakadzi vanosvika dzepabonde pakunamata pashure wokutanga (uye dzimwe nguva rechipiri) gore upenyu, Drake dzinokura mugore rechipiri. Yokudanana vakatakura pamusoro maberekero nhandare. drakes Several kazhinji kutarisira kuroora mukadzi, vari vakapoteredzwa mvura uye ratidza nokutamba, achikanda musoro wake mukuru, uye emit muridzo ruzha. The hadzi ndiyo kodzero kusarudza shamwari. Naye iye navo, zvichiita dendere uye incubates mazai. Muna April - May, duck vanotanga kusika masonry. Mune dzimwe matendere mazai angava vakadzi vaviri kana vatatu, sezvo vamwe mai hanya ogadzira mazai avo matendere nevavakidzani. Dzimwe nguva masonry nechikonzero vasingazivikanwi afa, zvino hadzi mazai ari nzvimbo itsva. In kuisa svetuka - kubva 8 kusvika 12 mazai, ruvara greenish mutema. The hadzi incubates mazai anenge 25 mazuva.

vana svetuka

Vakarangana nhiyo vanoyera kubva 40 kusvika 50 magiramu uye vari dendere kusvikira pakaoma. Drakes havabatanidzwi kutarisira ducklings kuti Jack haisi kuuya. Chokutanga, havana pedyo. Kudya vakadzi ipapo nokuunganidza zvipfuyo duku unisex. Kusiya dendere, Dhadha nhiyo rinogumisa pasi.

Ducklings pazuva rechitatu akanga akakwana svetuka uye zvinogona kubata nezvipembenene. Pooh vakarangana nestlings vane chaizvo gobvu. Pazuva rechipiri vanowana zvokudya zvavo pachavo, pecked pane zvipembenene mhodzi, svetuka. Monthly nhiyo vari kare fledged zvakazara,-mwedzi miviri uye vanokwanisa kubhururuka. Nhiyo kupindamo packs it, chengeta netsanga sedges. Kana ducklings ngozi vari akavigwa navo.

Mukutanga August, anosiya dendere, enda kune anongofamba upenyu.

nehanya munhu

How kuchengetedzwa pochard? The Red Book kweRussia rine shiri nokuti kuti uwandu kwemarudzi yakaderera kubva 60 kusvika 10-15 zviuru. Izvi nokuda ndichibvunza kukura munharaunda iyo rinopedza svetuka, inova shiri mutambo.