Colony nokuti yevana. Educational uye correctional zvivako

Zvinosuruvarisa kazhinji musi kutevera mhosva hazvisi chete vakuru asiwo vana. Kufurirwa makambani zvakaipa, kushaya dzidzo vabereki, chido chikuru kuva vakuru. Dzimwe nguva akarova nokuda utsinye izvo vechiduku iri vanopara mhosva. Vakawanda vachiri kuyaruka vanofunga kuti nemhaka yezera ravo, chirango hauna vakatevera, uye zvikuru ndakanganisa. Kuti agadzirise pano vaduku vatadzi izvi, pane chinokosha masangano - nyuchi kuti yevana. Sei vakasiyana majeri, chii zvinhu yevasungwa uye zviyero dzidzo munyika mapoka, tichaedza kunzwisisa nyaya ino.

Chii nyuchi

Ndiyo chete correctional kupfungwa, chete aida kushumira mutongo yokupara vemhosva. Colony nokuti yevana muRussia vane nzvimbo chaiyo iri yose mujeri hurongwa.

The ndechokuti makore vemhosva vari kushumira nemitsetse establishments dzakadaro, zvikuru muduku, saka kunosanganisira pakusikwa Mamiriro ezvinhu nokuda kwavo kugutsikana. Kazhinji kugara mapoka akadaro hazvigoni kuenzaniswa zviri mujeri, uyewo pano zvose zvavanogona kuti kuyaruka kwete chete vakashumira wakakodzera musi, asi umutsidzire, vave nani.

Zvinoitwa mujeri nyuchi

MuRussia, basa iri the ndiyo 62 mujeri misha kuti yevana, vari riri zvidzidzo 54. Vazhinji vavo - iri nyika nokuda kugutsikana vakomana, uye muna Belgorod nharaunda iri nyuchi kuti vasikana underage uye zvakafanana muna Tomsk mudunhu.

Hekuno Nhamba kubudikidza mhando mhosva zvakaitwa yevana:

• 16% kuti mhosva yokuba.
• Nokuti ugororo ari kushumira mutongo vanenge 15% of angaratidza.
• Mazvokuda infliction muviri kukuvadza - 11%.
• Kuuraya - 10%.
• Mhosva chibharo vanenge 8% uye vakasara nzvimbo inogarwa dzimwe mhosva.

Pazera ripi anogona kupinda munzvimbo?

Juvenile correctional zvakagadzirirwa kushumira mutongo mu kuyaruka vane makore 14 kusvika 18 makore. Kune akawanda mhosva, mutoro unotanga kubva pamakore 14, vechiduku vakawanda vachiita chikanganiso kudavira kuti ichava chinhu nemaune yokutyora nokuti vachiri diki.

Muguta rimwe nerimwe kana nharaunda ane yokupara komiti. Her tsvimbo uye vabereki mwana mumwe nomumwe anofanira kutungamirira mubasa rokudzidzisa basa iri kutungamirirwa uye tsanangura, panguva ipi zera uye kuti chii mhosva mhosva basa.

Chirango kunobva kwokuomerwa utsotsi, zviri kazhinji apo mwana mutadzi anotanga kumushumira nyuchi kuti yevana, uye anoguma mujeri kare. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya kuyaruka vasiri kuziva mhosva yavo uye musatsvaka kuchinja, vanonyangadza kuzvibata munzvimbo.

Chii kuyaruka vanogona kuwana ikoko sangano?

Ndiani pangozi nyuchi kuti yevana? Sei vakwegura vanogona kuva kunze kwemasvingo aro? Kana Paunoongorora mutemo, tinogona kuona zvichiratidza kuti mutadzi kuita munyika yedu kunobva makore 16, asi pane chibvumirano iyo inoreva muchikwata kwokudarika pamusoro paunogona kupinda imwe yunivhesiti yakadaro kubva pamakore 14:

• Achiba.
• Ugororo uye kuba.
• Ugororo.
• Car kuba.

• Kana ndeimwewo akuvadzwa zvakaipa utano hwevanhu.
• Rape kana zvimwe mabasa ezvepabonde.
• Munyaya ugandanga.
• Kunwa hostages.

Kazhinji manjemanje kuyaruka akaita chiito kuparadzirwa, kukuvara kana kuparadzwa tsika pfuma. Nokuti kudarika dzakadai mwana iri mumadziro mujeri.

Panewo dzimwe mhosva umo kuyaruka kazhinji kuona asi ivo sezvakangoita musingadi kuwadzana mudiki:

• Pakuunganidza uye akatakura pamusoro zvinoputika.
• Kugadzira nokuparadzirwa putika mano.
• Kuba zvombo.
• Ugororo.
• Distribution uye kuba kuti marwadzo zvinhu.

Tinogona kutaura kuti zvakakwana yokupara mhosva haazoregi kurangwa, asi kazhinji kuyaruka kunyange kuziva uye vasina chifungidziro kuti nokuti vakaita mabasa zvisiri pamutemo aizofanira kupindura.

Kunyanya mhosva kuti vana

Kana tikafunga zvose mhosva kuti kazhinji zvakaitwa yokupara mutemo, ivo inogona kupatsanurwa muzvikwata akawanda:

1. Pamutemo mabasa pamusoro womunhu munhu. chikamu Izvi zvingasanganisira: umhondi, kubata chibharo, chikanyanya pamuviri kukuvadza. Sezvineiwo, mhosva dzakadaro vechiduku vanowira muhutongi kuvaduku kunge.
2. Mhosva pamusoro pfuma. Idzi dzinosanganisira: chitsotsi, kuba, kupamba, kuzotadzira pfuma. Mhosva idzi kunowanzoitwa zvakaitwa juveniles.
3. Kukanganisira izvo kunangana vanhu uye kuchengeteka kwenzanga. Izvi kutengesa zvinodhaka, akatakura uye nhaka zvombo zvinoputika. About 10-12% kuyaruka vanobatanidzwa mhosva dzakadaro.

Unogona kunyange kudana vamwe mhosva kuti urege huchikanganiswa munhu boka Somuenzaniso, chitsotsi pakati kuchengetedzeka, banditry, umhondi avo vana vachangoberekwa.

Zvose yokupara angaratidza akatotanga vaita ose mhosva wechishanu. Uye chii kunakidza: kuoma uye ngozi pane wokutanga mhosva, kwakondiko kuti kuyaruka kuchaita kuti zvakare.

Gore negore mhosva iri, mapoka "muduku" itsva yokupara mhosva vanogara kukasawedzerwa nevaya vane ruzivo kwazvo mhosva kare. Mapoka akadaro kusiyaniswa cohesion zvavo zvakanaka, iri ngozi nokuda vanhu.

vari mujeri nyuchi apo

Kana uchifarira nyuchi kuti yevana, kero anogona kuwanikwa mahara paIndaneti. On mundima Russian izhinji, yakadai se:

• Mune Altai nharaunda zvakadaro masangano 2: muna Biysk uye Novoaltaisk.
• Colony nokuti underage vakomana vari Krasnodar mudunhu.
• In Krasnoyarsk uye Primorsky Krai.
• Muna Belgorod nharaunda iri nyuchi nevasikana underage.
• Muna Volgograd uye Voronezh kumatunhu.
• In Ryazan, Rostov uye Samara kumatunhu vane zvivako zvakadaro.
• Muna Moscow nharaunda pane misha maviri navaduku.
• Nizhny Novgorod, Omsk, Orenburg, Novosibirsk uye Orel nharaunda uye munharaunda yayo vane majeri.

Kubva mazita anenge ose mapoka akagadzirirwa kushumira mutongo underage vakomana, chete vaviri vasikana vose Russian vakagadzirira kutora kugadzirisa. Somuenzaniso, pedyo Ukraine Melitopol chete mujeri nyuchi ari munhukadzi, vamwe vari kuti varume vakawanda.

Kunyange zvakadaro, vasikana vari zvikuru kashoma kuti kuva nhengo mhosva mapoka kana bedzi mhosva.

Conditions yevasungwa mu correctional munowanikwa

Juvenile correctional zvivako kuti juveniles vakasiyana majeri kuti vaiita zvinhu akawanda siyana:

1. Zvaunoda.
2. Strict.
3. Lightweight.

Pakarepo mushure yokupara muite chinoyambuka pachikumbaridzo dzaidzorwa ane nayo chaiye ezvinhu. Asi ichi rinoshanda chete vaya vakaita mhosva kokutanga. Mumwedzi mitatu ari mhosva kuyaruka vakatarisa. Kana panguva ino haana kupara chero zvakaipa uye ndichaita vazvibate, akabva akachinjirwa vakareruka ezvinhu yevasungwa.

Vaya kare mumazuva vari nyuchi hwatsvuka hurumende kurwisana wokutanga, anotyisidzira akasiyana chaizvo mafungiro. Ivo inoiswa zvakaoma ezvinhu yevasungwa.

Pamberi kusunungurwa nevaya muhubatwa akwanise ezvinhu kushandurira kupinda zvakanaka. Asi dzimwe nguva zvinoitika kuti vechiduku kupemberera musha nokukurumidza, vanotanga kuputsa hurumende, asi mumamiriro ezvinhu avanosangana kushandura kuzviomesera ezvinhu yevasungwa.

Ibva imwe nharaunda mumwe zvinotora pachake musoro nyuchi.

Ndoupi musiyano pakati zvinhu yevasungwa?

Kana juveniles kushumira nemitsetse mapoka ari yakanaka mashoko, kuti vanogara chaiyo hostels. Mumwe ane nhoroondo yacho pane mari iri, uye vanogona kushandisa navo nokusingaperi. Kuvayaruki izvi vanobvumirwa kushanyira pfupi chero nguva. Mugore, ivo vanobvumirwa kutora refu misangano, panguva yavakanga kunyange kurarama kunze mundima nyuchi.

Pane zviitiko apo chiduku yaiva pamusoro akanaka mashoko, kurarama kunze masangano, asi chete pasi pokudzora kwokubatsira. Teenagers vakabvumira kushandisa mari uye vanopfeka zvakajairika nguo.

Kana mwana huri ezvinhu nyore, anorarama muhositeri anogona kutenga zvokudya, asi mari ndeyevanyori 7 pasipasi mubairo. Mugore, akabvumira kushanyira pfupi ose mwedzi uye refu - kamwe kota.

Zvatinosiita ezvinhu yevasungwa vanoti pekugara muna hostels, kuti zvekushandisa anosvika 5 nguva shoma mubayiro kutenga zvigadzirwa. Short musangano 8 kwegore, uye refu - 4.

Inoomesera ezvinhu inoitirwa kuti ine utsinye vakaipa kana vaya vanowa ive sangano kwakadaro haisi nguva yokutanga. Chero bedzi, akanyatsosiyana vakasiyana nevamwe. Teenagers nemataundi akaparadzana makamuri, izvo akadzivira kana asina kubatikana basa nemhosva kana kuchikoro. In mwedzi vanogona kushandisa 3 chete shoma mubayiro, refu misangano regai kuisa, uye pfupi 6 pagore.

Tichifunga pari kukwana mari nokuda masangano aya, tinogona kutaura kuti hazviiti nguva dzose kusunungura wechiduku kushandurira kupinda akanaka ezvinhu yevasungwa. Uye ichi nguva inokoshesa zvakakwana zvinoita kuti mwana kuchinja kurarama rusununguko.

Sezvo mujeri, kubva mujeri mberi. Kana mhosva iri vakaita kuyaruka, muwisira muchikwata che svikiro regiravhiti kana kwete guva, kuti vane maitiro akanaka uye kuomerera mhosva munhu anogona kuenda kumba kamwe ndashanda chetatu nguva. Kana mhosva dzakakomba vanosunungurwa mangwanani chete pashure 2/3 nguva.

Vana Community School hunoratidza kunobatanidza kuyaruka mubasa. Nguva yose kushanda zuva kunoenderana makore nemhosva. Usiku, ose basa hakubvumidzwi, uyewo pakupera kwevhiki.

Accommodation, zvokudya uye zvipfeko kupa mhosva neHurumende. The pachako Nhoroondo nomumwe hwanana inofanira Kutamiswa ose mwedzi kanenge 50% kuti zvakaoma dzavo.

Ndepapi Kutamiswa pakuomerera ezvinhu

All nemhosva yevana vari mujeri, vanofanira kugara ne nzira, kutevera mumwe murayiro. Nemaune kutyora iro mumwe akanaka ezvinhu kuti kana nhumbi enderana ndedzinotevera:

• Kana Zvakacherechedzwa kuti uparadze nedoro, uyewo zvinodhaka.
• Nokuti kuita mabasa hooliganism.
• Kutadza kutevedza zvinodiwa kwokubatsira.
• Okutuka vamiririri mujeri kutarisira.
• Storage uye kugadzirwa wairambidza zvinhu.
• Kunzvenga rokubva marapirwo, kana ani, akagadzwa nedare.
• Participation kana sangano parinouya siyana, bongozozo boka.
• Kuramba kushanda.

Pashure kuchinjwa ari kuzviomesera ezvinhu yevasungwa yakachinja pamutemo ari muduku.

Matanho kusimudzira munzvimbo

Area nokuti yevana zvakasiyana kubva mapoka kuti vakuru manyoro ezvinhu yevasungwa. Kubvumira zvakawanda kunoona, mumapasuru kana Mabhokisi, unogona kupedza mari kubva munhoroondo yavo. In nyuchi pane matanho chaiwo kukurudzira kuyaruka kuti maitiro akanaka, kushingaira mubasa upenyu tsika tsika, zvakanaka zvedzidzo mberi:

• A hwanana chakanzi kushanyira netsika kana mutambo kuti masvingo nyuchi, asi chete kana pamwe mudzidzisi masangano.
• Kubvumirwa kusiya nyuchi pamwe nevabereki kana nehama kwenguva yakati.
• Unogona akashaya kusada isolator, kana iwe ikoko nokuda kutoita mhosva.
• Early kuchinjirwa kune kupenya ezvinhu yevasungwa.

Kana musungwa anobvumirwa kushanyira zvemitambo netsika zviitiko, zvinokwanisika chete masikati. Teenagers panguva nyaya vanhuwo nguvo, kuitira kudzivisa pamamiriro mafungire kwavari nevamwe.

Matanho kurangwa yevana

Havasi kuyaruka zvose kamwe ari mujeri Colony, chengetai nzira, iyo nzira uye kuedza kuvandudza. Kune avo vari zvakafanana akaipisisa vemhosva, sapamazuva rusununguko. Kwavari, pane chinokosha mirango:

• Nokuti maduku hadzina kufambiswa zvakanaka zvinoita pakutsiurwa.
• Teens angaramba kuwana chinhu mafirimu mumwedzi.
• Inogona kushandawo chirango 2 pasipasi mubayiro.
• Placement mu nechirango isolator.

• Kushandurirwa zvikuru ezvinhu yevasungwa.

Kana tikaenzanisa uwandu vakashandisa zviyero nemibayiro Varange, tinogona kugumisa kuti wokutanga rakawanda. Izvi zvingaratidza kuti vakawanda vachiri kuyaruka vanoziva mhosva yavo, basa rokudzidzisa riri munzvimbo goho zvabuda.

Educational basa iri munzvimbo

In yokuyaruka, pachine mukana itibatsire mwana uye kuchinja maonero aaiita kunze nyika uye pachako. Ndokusaka yokupara muusungwa nzvimbo kupedzera nguva yakawanda basa rokudzidzisa.

Basa muzvinhu zvinotevera:

• dzidzo Physical.
• Moral.
• Labor.
• Aesthetic.

Teenagers vari pamasvingo nyuchi, anogona, kana achida, kuti vawane unyanzvi mune dzimwe ounyanzvi hwokugadzira, izvo ndabuda zvichavabatsira wokuburitsa pachavo uye zvokudya pachavo.

Vachengeti Masangano kugara vazvichengete kuyaruka hurukuro uye hurukuro pamusoro dingindira mhuri uye kuroorana, tsika. Vana vakawanda vanobva mhuri dzinoparadzana, vamwe vanoberekwa vaishanda zvirevo, saka ivo kazhinji vasina pfungwa chii chinofanira mhuri hwandaiva.

Kakawanda nekutambudzika kuyaruka vane hakuvaki tsika sokusvuta, doro, saka inokosha dzidzo panyama.

The yokupara muusungwa nzvimbo kazhinji anoshandisa zvakawanda zvikwata netsvimbo umo vechiduku vanogona kubatanidzwa uye sarudza kuti kufarira.

Organization rokudzidzisa muitiro mukati masvingo nyuchi anotevera zvinangwa akawanda:

1. Kuti vabudirire nokururamiswa kuyaruka.
2. Kuvagadzirira yakazvimirira upenyu kunze tsika.
3. Kuumba maitiro mutemo, hana mafungiro kushanda.
4. Kuwedzera pamwero wavo tsika uye rokudzidzisa.
5. Training.

Zvakakosha kuti pakuitika basa rokudzidzisa pakati yevana akaumba chivimbo kudiwa vabudirire pazvinangwa zvavo.

Mamwe mapoka, mazita izvo zvakurukurwa kare, netsika kuronga mubereki mumatare, izvo anoshanda vachitungamirirwa musoro tsika. Inogona akasikwa kubudikidza Board wematirastii pakati vamiririri masangano akasiyana-siyana, maNGO uye vagari vanhuwo, ndiani vanobatsira sangano dzadzidza muitiro, achitaura nyaya mabasa ose juveniles pamusoro kusunungurwa.

hwanana, vadzidzisi uye vabereki vagari basa, Komisheni vanofanira kuedza nechokwadi kuti nevechiduku vakanga vasiri pasi wemhosva muhwezva, uye kukura vanoteerera mutemo wenyika yedu.

Panguva iyoyo kuRussia hapana hurongwa yaizobatsira vasungwa pashure Vasunungurwa kudzokera dzose upenyu. Kakawanda, kuyaruka akatarisana zvakafanana ezvinhu, izvo vakamuendesa dhoku. Naizvozvo, mukuru chikamu zvazvo uye zviduku zviri zvakare mukati pamasvingo nyuchi.

Zvakakosha kuva pashure kusunungurwa kuyaruka vanoda zveupfumi rutsigiro, asi pane nyaya iyi munyika yedu pane basa rakawanda richiri.