Chirungu yemasvomhu Dzhordzh Bul: Biography, basa

Vachibva murombo mhuri anobatwa kirasi Dzhordzh Bul haana kuberekwa panguva iyoyo, panzvimbo isiri iyo, uye zvechokwadi kwete munzanga. Akanga asina mukana vanokura kwemasvomhu shasha, asi akazviita izvozvo pasinei zvose.

Dzhordzh Bul: Biography

Akaberekwa November 2, 1815 mune Chirungu maindasitiri guta Lincoln, Boole rombo rakanaka kuva baba uyo pachake aifarira masvomhu uye akapa zvidzidzo kuti mwanakomana wake. Uyezve, akadzidzisa sei kuti Manyiminya zviridzwa. Young George akashingaira vakanongazve zvidzidzo ake, uye pazera makore masere, rakapfuura kuzvidzora akadzidzisa yababa vake.

A shamwari mhuri yakabatsira kudzidzisa mukomana dzinokosha echiLatin uye vaneta mune makore mashoma. Kwemakore 12 Bull ave rakashandurwa yekare nhetembo Roman. Kwemakore 14, George aitsetsenura chiJerimani, wokuItaly uye French. Pazera 16 akava mudzidzisi mubatsiri uye akadzidzisa muzvikoro kumaruwa muna West vaifamba pakati kuYorkshire. Pana makumi maviri, akazarura chikoro chake muguta rake.

Mumakore mashomanana akatevera pfupi vakasununguka nguva Dzhordzh Bul akapedza kuverenga kwemasvomhu magazini akakweretwa panguva veko Institute of Mechanics. Ikoko verenga basa Isaaka Nyutona "mashoko Principia" uye basa French masayendisiti Laplace uye Lagrange XVIII uye XIX emakore "bhuku iri hweKudenga Mechanics" uye "Mechanics Analytical". Nokukurumidza nyanzvi yakaomesesa panguva iyoyo kwemasvomhu nenheyo uye akatanga kugadzirisa zvakaoma matambudziko algebraic.

Ndiyo nguva yokuti aenderere mberi.

achifumira nyeredzi

Pazera 24, Dzhordzh Bul akabudisa kwemasvomhu magazini Cambridge University nyaya yake yokutanga, "Studies of dzidziso analytic transformations" riri algebraic zvinetso Linear transformations uye differential equations uchisimbisa pamusoro pfungwa invariance. Mumakore gumi akatevera, nyeredzi yake hwaikwira tichigara karwizi nyaya yepakutanga, runosvika mberi masvomhu.

Pakazosvika 1844, iye yakaomerera kushandisa combinatorial kuongorora uye akarongeka akavhiyiwa kuti zvikuru diki uye isingaperi nhamba. Mugore iroro basa, rakabudiswa muna Journal of Royal Society "kwouzivi kwema," mipiro vake kwemasvomhu kuongorora uye kukurukurwa nzira tichibatanidza nemasvomhu kuti differential uye chinokosha calculus, akanga paakavapa rimwe menduru yegoridhe.

nokukurumidza Dzhordzh Bul akatanga kuongorora mukana kushandisa nemasvomhu kugadzirisa zvinetso pfungwa. Muna 1847 "kwemasvomhu Kuongororwa Musoro", haana chete akawedzera kwokutanga zvekungofungira Gottfried Leibniz pamusoro kuwirirana pakati kufunga uye masvomhu, asiwo akaratidza kuti aimbova kuchikonzerwa kwemasvomhu kuranga, pane youzivi.

basa iri kwakaita kwete chete kuyemurwa hunonyanya pfungwa Augustus De Morgan (chipangamazano kukakavara Bayron), asi yakasimbiswa nzvimbo yake purofesa wemasvomhu panguva Queens College kuIreland kunyange pasina dzidzo yokuyunivhesiti.

Dzhordzh Bul: Boolean nemasvomhu

Vakasunungurwa kubva mabasa chikoro, akarongeka shasha akatanga yokunyatsoongorora zvakadzika basa ravo, kufunga Kusimudzira "kwemasvomhu kuongorora" uye akasarudza kutsvaka nzira kunyora musoro mumwe mutauro hunokosha ravakanga vaizova zvinobvira havarongi uye kugadzirisa mathematically.

Akauya mitauro nemasvomhu, akavhiyiwa matatu makuru dzaiva (uye vachiri) "UYE", "OR" uye "NOT". Izvi mabasa matatu zvinoumba hwaro isina kuvakirwa uye vaiva chete dzaishandisa hunodiwa kuita fananidzo akavhiyiwa uye dzinokosha kwemasvomhu mabasa.

Boole kuti maitiro hunotsanangurwa zvizere mubasa rake "The kudzidza mitemo pfungwa, inova hwaro zvose akarongeka dzidziso kufunga uye fungidziro" muna 1854, pahwaro binary nzira, uye kushanda pamwe zvinhu zviviri chete - "hongu" kana "kwete", "chokwadi" uye " venhema "," riri "uye" kubvisa "kuti" 0 "uye" 1 ".

upenyu Personal

Gore rakatevera akaroora Mariya Everest, mwana wemunin'ina pamusoro Sir George Everest, vaakadana inonzi zvepamusoro gomo munyika. Vaviri aiva nevanasikana shanu. Mumwe wavo, dangwe, akava mudzidzisi wekemisitiri. Vamwe vaiita geometry. The mwanasikana muduku George Boole, Ethel Lilian Voynich, akava nomukurumbira munyori uyo akanyora mabasa akawanda, zvikuru nevanhu iyo ndiyo yokufungidzira "The Gadfly".

vateveri

Zvinoshamisa, akapa mukurumbira wemasvomhu ari zvedzidzo yeChina, pfungwa Boole akatsoropodza kana kuteerera zvachose vakawanda venguva yake. Sezvineiwo, American logician Charles Sanders Peirce yaiva rakashama.

Makore gumi pashure Bhuku "Research" Pearce akaita nhaurwa pfupi, anotsanangura pfungwa Boole of American Academy of Arts uye Sciences, uye ipapo apedzera makore anopfuura 20, kuchinja uye kuwedzera kuti kuona zvingakwanisa dzidziso uchidzidzira. Izvi pakupedzisira pamasikiro pechingoro zvemagetsi pfungwa redunhu.

Pierce ake yokungotaura pfungwa chaizvoizvo kumbobvira kuvakwa, sezvo aiva nyanzvi kupfuura magetsi, asi akatanga Boolean nemasvomhu mu yunivhesiti kosi musoro uzivi.

Pakupedzisira, mumwe pakuridza mudzidzi, Klod Shennon, akatora pfungwa iyi uye kuikurukura.

Recent basa

Muna 1957, George Boole akasarudzwa Fellow of Royal Society.

Mushure "Research", akabudisa wandei kwemabasa, izvo zviviri zvikuru ndivo "bhuku iri Differential Equations" (1859) uye "A bhuku iri Calculus pamusoro Finite Kusawirirana" (1860). Books kushandiswa sezvo mabhuku kwemakore akawanda. Akaedzawo kusika nzira zvinowanzovapo fungidziro yokuti, izvo aizobvumira umboo kubva fungidziro chero gadziriro zviitiko kusarudza haizopereri mukana upi chiitiko chokuita wainyatsotaura musoro.

The tsva umboo

Zvinosuruvarisa, basa yakakanganiswa Boulle apo akafa "chikosoro kwokupisa" iri makore 49 pashure kuenda 3 makiromita mvura, uye zvokuita nguo nyoro. Uyu akanga nekusimba kamwe zvakawanda kuti shasha uye pfungwa dzimwe nguva hadziwirirani.

nhaka

"Kwemasvomhu kuongorora" uye "Tsvakurudzo" George Boole akatanga Boolean nemasvomhu, iyo unowanzonzi Boolean zvisingarambiki.

maitiro ake tsika mbiri, nharo kuparadzana kupinda makirasi siyana, izvo zvinogona zvino kuvhiya maererano kuvapo kana kusavapo kwemamwe zvivako vakaita zvinoita kuti inferences zvisinei nhamba munhu zvinhu.

Zvekufamba Buhl kwakatungamirira pakusikwa mafomu, raakanga kumbobvira tafungidzira. Somuenzaniso, makombiyuta zvinoshandiswa binary nhamba uye musoro okunze, marongerwo uye nokushanda iyo yakavakirwa Boolean zvisingarambiki. Science, izvo vaiona muvambi Dzhordzh Bul, kombiyuta, rinoongorora nheyo yokungotaura mashoko uye computation, uyewo anoshanda nzira nokuda Implementation kwavo.