Chii mitengo uye mhando yayo

Mitengo - inofanira dzinoratidzwa dzose kuwedzera mitengo. Somugumisiro, mari yake anotanga kudzikisa ukoshi maringe zvinhu. Mitengo inoenderana zvinoverengeka pamusoro. Asi zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti haana kuchinja ose ari mutengo zviri.

We funga zvizere chii mitengo mwero uye mhando yayo. Izvi zvinoratidza pacharo somunhu akatsiga chinoshamisa. zvachose kana pfupi mutengo akasvetuka ari kukura vanogona kuonekwa mumusika. Muchiitiko chokutanga, rinongova mubvunzo mitengo, uye yechipiri yomwaka kuchinja ukoshi.

Kana mitengo kunowedzera zvinonyatsorehwa mutengo indekisi, pane kukosha zvinhu zvose zvavo. Pane imwe nguva mamwe zvigadzirwa vangava anodhura, vamwe isingadhuri, apo vamwe varambe nenguva chechetere. Asi panguva imwe chete kana yose indekisi, kureva, kubva GDP deflator, inoratidza kuwedzera, tiri kutaura pamusoro mitengo. In dzezvoupfumi, pane pfungwa "deflation" - kana kuti kuderera mutengo revarombo.

Saka, tinofanira kuramba funga kuti mitengo kwakadaro uye mhando yayo. muitiro uyu zvoupfumi kunotungamirira ndechokuti rokutenga simba mari shoma chaizvo. Vanhu vane nguva iri zvakaenzana anogona kutenga dzakabatana vashoma kutengeswa.

Concept uye mhando mitengo - mumwe mukuru misoro iri zvoupfumi dzidziso. It anofunga kuti kupatsanura kwacho. Nokuda ari kukura mwero mitengo rakakamurwa munyoro, kumhanya, kumusoro uye hyperinflation. Tikaongorora nechimwe izvi zvizere.

Mwero mitengo maitire hwenyika ano. Zvinonzi kuchengetwa dzakawanda munyika nenyika. Mwero mitengo akaratidza zvishomanana kuwedzera mutengo pamwero mugore. Its ukoshi ndiyo avhareji 3-5%. Kufadza zvinobvumidzwa yakakwirira - 10%. Izvi mhando mitengo chinhu chinokurudzira kuwedzera kugadzirwa mavhoriyamu.

Tinoramba kuongorora chii mitengo uye mhando yayo. Kumhanya sezvo kuyerwa muzana gore rimwe. Asi, mukusiyana kune mwero mitengo, chinotaurwa mune miviri digits, uye idambudziko chakakomba kuti upfumi dzakabudirira.

High mitengo iri kufarira pamwedzi. Zvegore, zviri zvikuru kumusoro kukura prices. Figures anogona 200%. Izvi mhando mitengo kunogona kuonekwa munyika upfumi munyika Kuchinja uye dzichiri kusimukira.

Hyperinflation ane hombe kukura prices. It anoyera chikamu rimwe zuva kana pasvondo. Kwemwedzi kuwedzera mitengo kungava 50%, uye sezvo mukuru sezvo 1000% pagore. Munhau pane vakadaro unoshamisa zviitiko hyperinflation. Germany, January 1922 - December 1924 padanho yakawedzera mitengo vakasvika 1012%. Hungary muna August 1945 - July 1946 takarwara hyper-mitengo (kukura mutengo yevanhu vanopfuura 1027%).

Saka, isu akatarira pfungwa "mitengo" uye mhando yayo. Asi izvi zvinogona Classified uyewo maererano zvine mashoko. Kusiyanisa pakati Isimba rakadini rinogona kubudiswa uye pachena mitengo. Chokutanga mhando Rinobatanidzwa ne zviito ehurumende. Zvinonzi pakutanga kuisa pasi zvakanyatsoenzana mutengo revarombo. Panyaya iyi, pane kuperevedza nhumbi mumusika. Yakajeka mitengo kuchengetwa kukura mutengo chechetere. Her tinogona kuona nguva muchimiro kuwedzera mari nenhumbi uye mabasa.

Chii chinokonzera uye mhando mitengo zviripo? Basic kupatsanura dzatakurukura, asi maererano nako pane dzose kuwedzera mitengo zvichabviswa kutsanangurwa pazasi.

The kuramba Zvakawanikwa mukanyiwa mari zvatova zvakafanira zvikonzero zvinoverengeka:

- kuti bhajeti dhefisiti zvinokonzera zvinosanganisira "wokudhinda";

- State anoitisa expansionary fiscal mutemo;

- zvinowanzoshandiswa chikwereti;

- chikwereti zviridzwa zviri mubhadharo zviridzwa;

- zvakawedzera kudiwa zvinhu uye mabasa tichienzanisa yapfuura nguva;

- achifumira mari inoshandiswa;

- zvimwewo zvikonzero.

Mitengo hakudzivisiki mumusika. Zvakakosha kuti hazvina kukonzera chin'a muitiro. Mitengo yokurinda, kunyanya hurumende hurumende.