Chii masvomhu?

The unequivocal mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti chii masvomhu ndiko, kunyange nhasi, achiri hakuwaniki, pasinei nokuti sayenzi iyi akaberekwa kare, anenge kusvikira utonga yebudiriro. Munyika iyoyo kunowedzerwa, kuwedzera panguva Richisimbisa nokuvandudzwa pacharo senzira nzira nokuziva mitemo yenyika.

Nokuda pakuwedzera uye kuchinja chinoumbwa nezvinhu zvakawanda ukama muitiro masvomhu, vanhu anopiwa mukana kuziva uye kushandisa avo kana zvimwe mitemo yezvinhu zvakasikwa. Panguva ino, hazvisi zvechokwadi simba uye simba injini rwokugadzira uye nesayenzi.

Chii masvomhu? Kuziva izvi zhinji, asi mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu hakusi nyore. Chokwadi, munhu wose anogona kupa mhinduro yayo, izvo zvichaita kuvimba ayo pamwero kwemasvomhu ruzivo. Nokuti mudzidzi mukuru chikoro ndiro zita Generic kuti svomhu, nemasvomhu, geometry uye kutanga kuongorora. For hwokugadzira mudzidzi wepayunivhesiti ndiyo - Science zvinosanganisira yakawanda nomumwe zvikamu.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nhamba muzvikamu zvakadaro nguva dzose kunowedzera, sezvo, maererano kukura wemasvomhu ano kunoramba vafumiswa nemashoko matsva. Eya, sainzi iri kukwanisa kukurukurwa mwana muduku. Kunyange zvakadaro, upenyu hwedu hwose ari zvakabatana chaizvo pamwe mhinduro dzakasiyana-siyana matambudziko akarongeka.

Saizvozvowo, tsanangudzo kuti masvomhu, pane akajeka uye kazhinji akagamuchira tsanangudzo chinhu sayenzi. Kare zvainzi vaidavira kuti matambudziko akadaro ndiye kuyera zvakawanda kana nhamba. Asi pashure pechinguva paiva tsanangudzo wemasvomhu sedzidziso ane saizi.

Nyika yemazuva ano inokurukura masvomhu sezvo sayenzi kwemasvomhu hurongwa. Izvi izwi rakatangwa neboka French mathematicians, anozivikanwa pasi zita Bourbaki nyika.

sainzi ichi hakusi zvemasanga chisikwa pfungwa. It anoratidza chinangwa nyika mune dzimwe husingaoneki chimiro. kudzidza hunobva pfungwa hwokurara ne abstracting kubva zvinokonzerwa zvakananga nenyika chaiyo uye, mukuwedzera, kubva yapfuura ndivanamwari.

The panowanikwa ndivanamwari zvakadaro zvakabatana chaizvo chokwadi. Uyezve, pashure pakugadzirisa dambudziko kwemasvomhu mugumisiro wakasimba, uye ari ipapo rinoshandisirwa zvakasiyana siyana mananara, zvinhu hunhu iri yakasiyana mumwe.

Somuenzaniso, ongororo wemasvomhu kazhinji kunoderedza Okugadzirisa zvinetso chaizvo: sei kuwana mwero kwemabhakitiriya kukura sezvo barometric nevezera kuchinja kana kuti kuona mwero yokushata radioactive. The Kugadzirisa matambudziko ose aya ipfupi zvakafanana differential mukana wokuti vanhu vanga.

abstraction kwakadaro zvakaoma kwete chete kunzwisisa asiwo kuona munhu mukuru, ndoda mudzidzi. Ndokusaka zvichikosha chaizvo kuti kudzidza masvomhu nyore wose. Uye zvinoda kuramba pakuenzanisa specificity uye abstraction, nzwisisa nekuramba, pasina kurasikirwa kudekara achitsanangura pfungwa dzakaoma.

Ichokwadi, nhasi zvakaoma kuwana munhu vangadai vasina pfungwa pane masvomhu. Asi sezvo ari kutonga, vanhu vakawanda, zvakakanganisika, kuti izvi chete svomhu, kunosanganisira kudzidza nhamba uye chimwe chinhu chaicho navo, akadai chokuwanziridza kana kupesana.

Asi kana imi yakawanda yokunyatsoongorora sayenzi iyi, tinogona kuona kuti chaizvoizvo pfungwa iyi ndiyo bulkier zvikuru. Handiti, masvomhu inzira rudzi kurondedzera nyika uye mubatanidzwa zvimwe zvikamu zvaro nevamwe. In kwemasvomhu zviratidzo kuti anorondedzera zvakasikwa, kwakunoitwa ukama nenhamba.

Asi sei kunzwisisa yemasvomhu? Uyu yoga nyaya. mumwe muitiro kwakadaro kunoda kushivirira, chido uye kukoshesa. Zvisinei, zvose zviri nyore kudaro. Mumwe vanowanzoda kuita zvakanaka masvomhu nokuti akaratidza kuti "kunzwa" ndiyo tinozvarwa kugona.

No mugumisiro nomusoro axioms, theorems uye nomusoro Masvomhu, zvinosuruvarisa kwete. Chinhu chikuru - ndiko kunzwisisa musimboti wenyika kwemasvomhu dzidziso nemitemo yayo. Uye vainyatsotarisirwa inofanira kupiwa kukwanisa vafunga kubva iwayo, izvo vakaponeswa.