Chii kukwirira ISS? The muchadenga of ISS kunhivi Pasi

The International Space Station kwakatangwa muchadenga muna 1998. Panguva iyoyo, nokuti vanenge zviuru zvinomwe mazuva, masikati nousiku akanakisisa pfungwa kushanda kugadzirisa chinonetsa Puzzles muna razero negiravhiti.

muchadenga

Munhu wose, kanenge kamwe vaona izvi akasiyana nzvimbo, akabvunza mubvunzo musoro: Chii kukwirira muchadenga of International Space Station? Ndicho shoko rimwe chete kupindura hazvibviri. Kukwirira muchadenga of International Space Station ISS anoenderana zvinhu zvakawanda. Ngationgororei navo zvizere.

ISS pairi ichitenderera pasi ipfupi nokuda kuona munhu rarefied mhepo. Rate zvinoderedza, ukuwo, uye kunoderedza kumusoro. How kutsigira nhokwe? Kukwirira muchadenga ISS anogona siyana achibatsirwa injini ngarava kwakunoitwa kwairi.

siyana miti

Nokuti yose rokuti nzvimbo basa vamwe anokosha tsika kunge vakaudza. Kare February 2011 kureba ISS muchadenga raiva 353? Km. Masvomhu All dzinoitwa pazvinhu wegungwa. Kukwirira ISS muchadenga muna June iroro yakawedzera kusvika mazana matatu namakumi manomwe namashanu makiromita. Asi hauna paunogumira. maviri chete vhiki NASA vashandi nomufaro akapindura venhau pamusoro mubvunzo "Chii kukwirira ISS muchadenga panguva?" - makiromita matatu namakumi masere nezvishanu!

Uye ichi hachisi pokupedzisira

Kukwirira ISS achine kukwana kuramba dzinongoitika kukweshera. Mainjiniya vakaenda mutoro uye ngozi chaizvo kufamba. Kukwirira ISS aifanira ngazviwedzerwe makiromita mazana mana. Asi chiitiko ichi chakaitika pashure. The dambudziko raiva, kuti ngarava chete wakamutsa ISS. Muchadenga kukwirira rave kungogumira nokuda shuttles. Chete chete nguva muganhu chabviswa nokuti vashandi uye ISS. Muchadenga kukwirira kupfuura 400 makiromita pamusoro pegungwa kubva 2014. Kufadza paavhareji ukoshi hwakanyorwa muna July uye raiva 417? Km. Kunopindirana kukwirira kugadzirisa zviri kuitwa nguva dzose nokuda kugadzira kupfuura Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri nzira.

History chokusika

Kunyange shure muna 1984, hurumende US anga vakarangana chirongwa nezvokudiwa kutanga munguva pfupi inosvika pamwero mukuru tsvakurudzo chirongwa. Oga kuita guru pakuvaka kwakadaro, kunyange vekuAmerica vakanga zvakaoma uye pave Canada uye Japan vakanga zvakabatana.

Muna 1992, Russia waibatanidzwa mushandirapamwe. Mukutanga nineties takanga kuronga pamwero mukuru chirongwa "Mir-2" muMoscow. Asi matambudziko emari havana vakaziva chikuru zvirongwa. Zvishoma nezvishoma nhamba pokuita nyika yawedzera gumi.

Bureaucratic sokunonoka zvakatora makore anopfuura matatu. muna 1995 chete rakagamuchirwa pachiteshi, gadzira, uye gare gare gore - the configuration.

Twentieth November 1998 aiva muenzaniso zuva munhau yenyika cosmonautics - the chikwata chokutanga rave zvinobudirira wakaisa kuti muchadenga redu.

gungano

ISS zviri tsanzira wayo nyore uye functionality. The chiteshi ine akazvimirira kutigumbura izvo interconnected sezvo guru constructor. Hazvibviri kuverenga chaiyo mari uye chinhu. Mumwe chikwata chitsva anogadzirwa imwe nyika, uye chokwadi, zvinosiyana mutengo. zvikamu zvose izvi chinogona kubatanidzwa chihombe mari, saka kuti yemapurisa inogona kugara achiudza.

ukoshi

Nokuti chokuti chiteshi dzakabatana uye avo kugutsikana kunogona kuchinjwa uye upgraded sezvo nguva zhinji sezvo refu ISS anogona Surf Nyika muchadenga.

Wokutanga aramu bhero rakarira muna 2011, apo, nokuda kwayo kudhura kwave kushoma chirongwa "Space Shuttle".

Asi hapana chaityisa chakaitika. Mitoro nemazvo akanunura pazvakaringana zvimwe zvikepe. Muna 2012, kuti ISS akabudirira yacho kunyange chomuruki dzakavanzika kuti zvebhizimisi zvinangwa. Zvadaro, chiitiko chakafanana chakaitika kakawanda.

Zvinotyisa kuti nhepfenyuro kunogona chete kuva enyika. Nguva nenguva, vakuru vakuru munyika dzakasiyana-siyana zvingakanganisa kurega kutsigira ISS. podderzhniya urongwa First ainyorwa pamberi 2015, ipapo 2020-ndipo. To musi, anenge pane chibvumirano kutsigira yemapurisa kusvikira 2027.

Uye apo enyika kupikisana mumwe, kuti ISS muna 2016 akaita chimwe zana kuzviuru pairi ichitenderera nyika, iyo pakutanga rainzi "Jubheri".

magetsi

Ndakagara murima, Chokwadi, dzinonakidza, asi dzimwe nguva kunetsa. ISS miniti ose kwavo uremu nendarama, saka mainjiniya vakashamisika nesimba kudiwa vaunoshanda dambudziko magetsi.

Rakanga yakati wandei pfungwa dzakasiyana, uye pakupedzisira akabvuma kuti yakanakisisa rezuva ukomba ari muchadenga hapana.

Kana basa racho Russian uye American mativi vakaenda zvavo yoga nzira. Saka, rudzi rokutanga nyika magetsi anogadzirwa kuti mamiriro ezvinhu volts 28. Makakatanwa ari American chikwata - 124 V.

Zuva ISS anoita yakawanda ritenderere Nyika. Mumwe kutenderera - inenge hafu yeawa,-mana mashanu vari pamumvuri. Zvechokwadi, panguva ino Chizvarwa rezuva ukomba hazvibviri. Feed chiteshi nickel-rehydrogen mabhatiri. Izwi kushanda ari mudziyo kweanenge makore manomwe. nguva Last vakanga zvakachinjwa shure muna 2009, saka kuti zvikuru nokukurumidza akanga akamirirwa kwenguva refu yokutsiva chichaitwa kubudikidza mainjiniya.

mudziyo

Sepakutanga kunyorwa, ISS ari constructor hombe vane zvikamu zviri nyore chokuita nomumwe.

Muna March 2017 ravarwi ane gumi nhengo. Russia wakaisa anokwana zviyero zvishanu, inonzi "Dawn", "search", "Nyeredzi", "Dawn" uye "Pier". VokuAmerica akapa dzavo migove minomwe mazita akadai, "Unity", "Destiny", "akadzikama", "Network", "Leonardo", "Musigg" uye "Harmony." European Union nyika uye Japan hausati ayo zvikwereti imwe mufurati, "Columbus" uye "Kibo".

Parts vanogara kuchinja, zvichienderana mabasa akatumirwa taita. Munzira mashomanana kutigumbura, izvo yekudyidzana simbisa pakutsvakurudza nezvaanogona taita. The kupfuura dzinonakidza, Chokwadi, rabhoritari modules. Vamwe vavo vane chisimbiso zvakakwana. Saka, vanogona kuongorora zvose, kusvikira mutorwa zvisikwa, pasina mukana wokutapukirwa nokuda rakarira.

Other zvidzidzo zvakagadzirirwa kuti vaunze zvinodiwa zvakatipoteredza kwomuzvarirwo basa nevanhu. Vamwezve dzisina kudzivirirwa nekugara kuwana nzvimbo uye kutsvakurudza, kuongorora kana kugadzirisa.

Chikamu zvinogumbura musatakura mutoro uye tsvakurudzo zvinoshandiswa sezvo okuchengetera.

kunopfuurira zvidzidzo

zveBhaibheri zvakawanda - chaizvoizvo chimwe chinhu ari nineties kure enyika vakasarudza kutuma muchadenga mugadziri, ane ukoshi nhasi vanofungidzirwa pana anopfuura mazana maviri mabhiriyoni emadhora. Nokuti mari unogona kutenga gumi nyika uye kugamuchira chipo chiduku mugungwa.

Saka, ISS ane vakadaro nemamwe features, risina munhu pano murabhoritari. Chokutanga - kuvapo kusingaperi Vacuum. Wechipiri - the rakapotsa kusavapo regiravhiti. The wechitatu - zvikuru ngozi yepasi pose nemwaranzi, kwete vakapamba nokuda refraction ari pasi muchadenga.

Vanotsvakurudza hamufudzi chingwa, asi kupa chinhu poizuchat! Vanofara vanoita mabasa avo asina basa, kunyange pasinei nengozi rufu.

Masayendisiti Most kuziva zvipenyu. Munzvimbo iyi zvinosanganisira hwokushandura zvinhu zvipenyu uye kutsvakurudza zvokurapa.

Other masayendisiti kazhinji kukanganwa pamusoro hope, kusora mauto extraterrestrial nzvimbo chaiko. Zvinhu, quantum wefizikisi - chete chikamu tsvakurudzo. Favorite basa zvakazarurwa zvizhinji - kuedza zvinwiwa siyana mune weightlessness.

Kuedza pamwe Vacuum, zvarwo, anogona kuitwa kunze anovhara, kurudyi napadare. Earth masayendisiti chete negodo rakanaka ndichiona kuedza pavhidhiyo.

Munhu munyika aizopa chinhu nokuda spacewalk. Nokuti vashandi hwomuti iri rinenge nepurogiramu basa.

zvakawanikwa

Pasinei kutsamwa kudanidzira hwakawanda vatsoropodzi pamusoro kusabatsira chacho, ISS, masayendisiti zvinhu zvakawanda zvinonakidza kuti vakabvumira mumwe kutarisa nzvimbo mune imwe yose, uye kuti nyika yedu.

Zuva nezuva, vakashinga vanhu ava kuwana guru dose nemwaranzi, uye zvose nokuda tsvakurudzo, anozopa vanhu kusingaenzaniswi mikana. Mumwe anogona chete tichiyemura kwairo basa, ushingi uye kutsunga.

ISS chinhu nokururamisira guru kuti kunogona kuonekwawo kubva pepasi. Pane kunyange Website apo unogona kupinda Coordonatele eguta uye gadziriro achakuudza chaizvo chii nguva zvichiita kuti kuedza kufungisisa yemapurisa tasangana chaise Lounge pamusoro nhurikidzwa yako zvakanaka.

Chokwadi, nzvimbo yemapurisa yakawanda vavengi, asi mafeni zvikuru. Izvi zvinoreva kuti ISS achaita nechivimbo kumira kwayo muchadenga kune makiromita mana pamusoro pegungwa uye kanopfuura kamwe kuratidza inveterate vatsoropodzi, vakanga zvakaipa fungidziro dzavo uye zvakafanotaurwa.