Chii basa mvura mumasero dzevanhu

Sezvariri kubva pauduku wose anoziva mvura kuti anobatsira basa rinokosha kwatiri. Utsanana, kuchenesa, kunwa - mumwe zvinokosha muupenyu Rinobatanidzwa nemvura. Zvishoma nezvishoma, kudzidza nyika, uye mwana anodzidza pane basa mvura muchitokisi. Zvichida chete kubva pfungwa iyi zviri pachena sei zvikuru kukosha kwayo, pasina mvura upenyu zvisinganzwisiswi pacharo. Nokuda ehupfumi ayo, hunobvumira kushanda zvipenyu zvakaoma.

samolecular mamiriro

Basa remvura upenyu Sero akarondedzera peculiarities waro mamiriro zvakananga. Munhu wose anoziva nzira huru mvura mumuviri. Mumwe mvura Morekuru anoumbwa rimwe okisijeni atomu uye rehydrogen maatomu maviri. Vari akabatana kuva chete chairema nokuda polar covalent pazvisungo, kwakavakirwa paumbwe nevakawanda Erekitironi peya kwemaatomu maviri. A maitiro chinoratidza mvura mamorekuru ndiro yayo magetsi asymmetry. okisijeni atomu yakawanda electronegative, izvozvo Kunokwezva zvakasimba maerekitironi rehydrogen maatomu. Mugumisiro - zvakafanana zvaizopedza yegwara maerekitironi kune okisijeni atomu.

dipole

Chii basa mvura muchitokisi kunobva zvainyanya kuri muna fuma. Somugumisiro zvachose misha yacho peya maerekitironi izvozvo anowana polarization. Water mamorekuru dzinoratidzwa nemapango maviri: mumwe rehydrogen atomu aoma ane mafungire mutariri uye okisijeni - kukwana ruviri. Pamwe chete zvinoumba kwazvakarerekera Morekuru.

Saka, mumwe STRUCTURAL chikwata anomirira mvura dipole. Feature nemamiriro Morekuru kunotema unhu huri pakati yakavakidzana zvivako. Ubatanidzwewo kunaka okisijeni Atomu rehydrogen rine nokukwezvwa maatomu mamwe mamorekuru. Kuvakwa therebetween anonzi rehydrogen zvisungo. Mumwe morekuru remvura akanyarara navo nenzira iyi pamwe vana nevavakidzani vayo. Ose nuances ataurwa mamiriro iri pakutsvaga zvipenyu kunoita mvura muchitokisi.

Features

Rehydrogen zvisungo kuti anowanzoramba mvura mamorekuru kuona vakawanda zvivako zvayo. Kubatana pakati okisijeni uye rehydrogen maatomu ive simba rinokosha, i.e. kuti varambane, inotofanira anoyevedza simba. Somugumisiro, mvura ine mukuru Kubika pfungwa uye utsotso uye vaporization. Pakati zvakafanana zvinhu, mvura - chete fuma chipo munyika panguva iyoyo vari vatatu States of aggregation. Basa ripi remvura keji, uye anobva kuti mamiriro ayo.

Kudyidzana pamwe hydrophilic zvinhu

The yokusafa mano mvura inoramba yokuumba rehydrogen zvisungo anobvumira huru muviri zvinwiwa kuiparadza yeimwe zhinji. Kwakadaro zvinhu vanonzi hydrophilic, kuti ndiye "ushamwari" mvura. Izvi zvinosanganisira Ionic yeimwe: munyu, acids uye nezvigadziko. The hydrophilic uye nonionic zvinhu zvinosanganisira yeimwe kuva polarity. mamorekuru dzavo ane mhosva mapoka. Izvi amino acids, shuga, nyore alcohols navamwe yeimwe.
Basa mvura muchitokisi basa ndiko kusika kwezvakatipoteredza zvakakodzera kuti mhanyisa siyana zvose. The Kugadzirisa anomirira ezvinhu nyaya umo vose mamorekuru ayo anogona kufamba zvikuru akasununguka, i.e. anova yekudyidzana yepamusoro reactability kupfuura kwakajairika chimiro.

Pamusana ehupfumi izvi mvura kwazova svikiro vanonyanya aibuda oruzhinji nemakemikari. Uyezve, somuenzaniso, hydrolysis uye yose yakatarwa redox pezvakaitwa yaitwa chete zvakananga Kupinda chikuru muchitokisi mvura.

reagent

The hombe kunoita mvura iri mumasero oupenyu hazvirambiki. Iye paChikoro pezvakaitwa zvose zvinokosha. Somuenzaniso, mvura kunokosha kuti photosynthesis. Mumwe nzendo yayo, mvura photolysis, ndiko kuparadzana rehydrogen maatomu uye kuvabatanidzira zvichiguma makemikari akakura. Kana ichi anosunungurwa mumhepo yacho zvakasunungura okisijeni.

Basa mvura kwevanhu uye mhuka sero chokuita kare kutaurwa hydrolysis kuparadza zvinhu pamwe kuwedzera mvura. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvinoitwa ichi mhando muchitokisi ndiyo kuparara ATP mamorekuru zvinobva nokubudiswa simba, iyo inoshandiswa nokuda nemamwe maitiro inokosha.

Kudyidzana pamwe hydrophobic zvinhu

Vamwe mapuroteni, uye mafuta, uye nucleic acids havasi soluble nemvura zvachose, kana kuti muitiro zvakaoma chaizvo. Kwakadaro zvinhu vanonzi hydrophobic, kuti ndiye "yaityisa" mvura. Basa mvura muchitokisi uye muviri inobatanidzwa kudyidzana dzaro yeimwe izvi.

Water mamorekuru vanokwanisa kupatsanura hydrophobic zvinhu kubva Urume pachayo. Izvi pave anonzi inowanikwa. Vakaita vazhinji nemakemikari. Saka, nemhaka kukurukurirana pamusoro phospholipids, iyo sero Kamudzira, mumwe lipid bilayer yakaumbwa nemvura.

kupisa chinzvimbo

The zvipenyu kunoita mvura muchitokisi rinobva yokupindira wawo thermoregulation. The dzakananga kupisa mvura yakakwirira zvakakwana. Izvi zvinoreva kuti panguva Absorção de Água runoshamisa uwandu pamusoro chafariz simba pamusoro tembiricha mvura zvinosiyana chete zvishoma. Izvi zvichakubatsira kuramba ayo tembiricha kugara mukati muchitokisi, zvakakodzera kuti chakaipa nzira pezvakaitwa zhinji uye dzigadziridzwe dzomunyika kwezvakatipoteredza.

Dzakafanana kugovera kupisa

Chimwe yakasiyana kuchiitwa mvura - chafariz conductivity. Chinobatsira zvekare tirambe chenguva zvemukati ezvinhu. Mvura inokwanisa tama anoyevedza yakawanda kupisa kubva mugove muviri, apo zviri overabundant kune masero uye nyama iyo isina.

Uyezve, thermoregulation akatapa uye nokuda kuti kwemvura mvura. Kutonhora kunoitika nokuti kuti kuchinja kubva ehurumende mumwe anofanira kuputsa hydrogen zvisungo. Uye nokuda kwaizvozvo, sezvo kare ambotaurwa, zvinoda guru simba rakawanda.

hydrostatic marangwanda

Basa remvura sero upenyu hazvirevi kuguma pano. Huru muviri Urume ine chimwe: izvozvo anenge haadzokeri. maitiro Izvi zvinoita mvura kuita somunhu hydrostatic marangwanda ari keji. Water unoitisa turgor kumanikidzwa, nokudaro kusarudza zvivako masero uye nyama sezvo hombe uye kushinga kwakadaro. Zviri nyore kunzwisisa chii nezvebasa mvura muchitokisi, mupfungwa iyi, kana uchitarisa mumiti. The vanoziva Maumbirwe mashizha zvinoumbwa nemupristi nevamwe masero. Mienzaniso yakadaro munyika makemikari guru. Somuenzaniso, mufananidzo yaizivikanwa muramba kana roundworms akaramba zvakare nokuda hydrostatic marangwanda. Kurasikirwa masero mvura, ukuwo, zvinotungamirira Ivan Kuchin kwendangariro. Anotanga reshaping: wasvava mashizha, muchero ichipera, ganda anorasikirwa elasticity rayo.

Kubatanidzwa akatakura zvinhu

Mvura mamorekuru achishandisa rehydrogen zvisungo vanokwanisa kwete chete zvakabatana nemumwe, asiwo zvimwe zvinhu. Somugumisiro nekuita ichi rinowanika pamusoro makakatanwa wakakurira basa rinokosha mune chokufambisa kuti zvinhu pamuviri. Saka, mugumisiro wacho cohesion (adhesion mamorekuru vakadhakwa kwesimba regiravhiti, uye nyaya mvura - achishandisa rehydrogen zvisungo) ndiro kufamba muviri ari zvirimwa capillaries. Nokuda pfuma iyi sezvo mvura anopinda ivhu kubudikidza mudzi nevhudzi chirimwa.

Uyewo, pose Makakatanwa simba anobvumira rirambe richibvira ropa kuyerera kwemhuka nevanhu. Mvura rinobatanidzwa kufamba zvinhu uye excretion kuti tsvina.

Zvakaratidza kuti mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti, "chii nezvebasa mvura iri keji?" Ko nyore - zviri rakakura. Nokuda dzinokosha ehupfumi ari samolecular maumbirwo nemvura ave zvose dzinokosha urongwa, pasina iro upenyu hazvibviri. Mvura runogonesa kuti reactivity ose zvinhu, inotsigira chimiro masero uye nhengo zvinobatanidzwa kwavo Urongwa zvose zvakafanira, chikamu zhinji nemakemikari. Water - tsime roupenyu uye zvisiri dimikira. All zvikuru metabolic pezvakaitwa chokuita nacho, irimo kukurukurirana-siyana yeimwe. Imhaka zvivako izvi mvura ndiyo fuma iri kutsvaka pakutanga pataidzidza dzimwe nyika mukuedza kunzwisisa kana ivo akakodzera upenyu.