Bogolubskaya cheTheotokos (mufananidzo). Chii kunyengeterera?

Aizivikanwa vokuRussia vakawanda Bogolyubovo mufananidzo Amai vaMwari ari zvichida anonzi kuzvidhori zvikuru Russian Church Heritage. Zvakanyorwa anenge makore chiuru akapfuura, vakawanda zviitiko kuRussia chokuita nacho, uye vazhinji zvishamiso anonzi kuti simba rake rokuita zvishamiso. About kukosha kwayo nokuti vanhu Russian runoratidzwa dzakawanda mazita (makopi) kubva mufananidzo yepakutanga, uye kuti vanhu kuvimbisa kuti mifananidzo iyi ine munyengetero muzuva redu. On nhoroondo kwakabva icon, zvarinoreva kuvaKristu - nyaya ino.

Nyaya icon

Maererano nengano, muna 1157 Suzdal Grand Prince Andrey Yuryevich Dolgoruky aiva munzira yake kubva Upper Town muna Suzdal, munzira Akaperekedzwa icon Yedu Lady pamusoro Vladimir. June 18, 10 makiromita Vladimir, pangoro akabva angomira uye, pasinei nokuedza yemabhiza, havana kushandisa kuibvisa. Sweet Prince akaputsa munzvimbo ino tende mumusasa. Panguva munamato, muchinda aiva Tsvenetsvene cheTheotokos uye akamuudza kuti kuronga kunzvimbo ino Bogoliubsk kereke Amai vaMwari, ainzi nemarudzi Krisimasi Vladimir Icon of vanopfuura kuna Vladimir.

Prince, akafuridzirwa chiitiko ichi, mifananidzo Painters vakarayira dare kunyora mufananidzo Mhandara pamusoro revatungamiriri nomusaipresi muchimiro nayo akazviratidza kwaari mumunyengetero. Saka ipapo Bogolyubovo mufananidzo Amai vaMwari, pikicha iyo chinopiwa pazasi. Icon uyu Amai vaMwari zvakanyorwa kureba, pamwe akasimudza maoko ake pakunyengetera, uye pamwe chiso akatendeukira akananga Mwanakomana. In wake rworudyi anoratidzwa aine mupumburu wakanyorwa pamusoro payo kuna Jehovha mumunyengetero. The mufananidzo wemhandara Mariya ichifananidzwa Zvidhori akaperekedza Grand Duke parwendo - Jesu Kristu, kuti Vladimir Icon Mikaeri Ngirozi Huru uye Gabriel uye Ioanna Predtechi.

Celebration mifananidzo Bogoliubsk

Pakutanga Bogolyubovo mufananidzo Amai awana nzvimbo yaro muna Bogolyubov, muchechi, yakavakwa Prince akumbirwa Musikana, pamwe Vladimir Icon. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kuva pedyo icon pamusoro Vladimir, Bogolyubovo kana atora pamusoro kunoshamisa simba, achiva asina shoma airemekedzwa.

In pakarenda mazororo Orthodox ataurwa pamusoro 260 vairemekedza mifananidzo Amai vaMwari, tinazvo kunoshamisa simba, asi vakawanda mune zvinopfuura 860 akasiyana siyana nazvo. For kwemifananidzo dzakawanda pamhemberero mazuva avo kuti vanyore minyengetero yavo, nziyo uye troparia. Imwe neimwe mifananidzo Mhandara Yakakomborerwa ine zvainoita: mumwe anobata vamwe anodzivirira wechitatu anobatsira muzvinhu mhuri.

It ane zuva nekukudza Bogolyubovo mufananidzo Amai vaMwari. Mhemberero paruchaitika June 18, maererano nyaya. maitiro uye musi June 1 - idzva. zuva rino uyewo akaremekedza dzimwe mifananidzo Bogoliubsk mifananidzo - Moscow, Zimarovskaya, Uglich, Kozlovsky, Yurevskaya, Elatomskogo, Tula, Tarusskaya, Usman Bogolyubovo mufananidzo Amai vaMwari, mufananidzo zviri munyaya ino.

nzvimbo kuvake

Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro, pakutanga, mifananidzo iyi yakavakwa muna St. Prince Dolgoruky Church of Wokuzvarwa Musikana. Gare gare, kumativi temberi yakavakwa Bogolyubskii wemamongi, apo icon yakanga kusvikira akavharwa mukuvamba ramakumi remakore. Zvisinei, mushure kuvhara zviri wemamongi kwayo yaichengetwa mukereke Joachim naAnna guta Vladimir. Kubvira muna 1946, mufananidzo unogona kuonekwa Regional Museum of Vladimir. Muna 1992 zvakanzi kune Knyaginin kubvuma wemamonk, uye muna 2009 akatumirwa update (kudzorerwa) muna Vladimir-Suzdal Museum Bogolyubovo mufananidzo Amai vaMwari, apo iri nhasi.

mhando iconography

Iconography muchechi rinonzi pfungwa kushandisa maitiro mitemo uye zvirongwa nemufananidzo zvimwe mifananidzo kana zviitiko.

Kana mufananidzo Musikana, pane zvakawanda anozivikanwa mhando iconographic:

• Oranta (mufananidzo wemhandara Mariya namaoko aro vanomutswa chete nezvanza akatendeuka outwards, uye pamwe mwana mumaoko ayo - chiratidzo Kunyengeterera).
• Eleousa (mufananidzo Musikana pamwe mwana mumaoko, chakatsikirirwa wake dama cheek Amai - inomirira soro rudo rwaMwari kuvanhu).
• Hodegetria (mufananidzo Musikana pachigaro choumambo akabata mwana, akabata mupumburu rworudyi rakatarira mu mirayiridzo yake - unomiriri vanonamata mwana).
• Panachranta (mufananidzo wemhandara Mariya pachigaro choumambo akabata mwana noruoko rwake rworudyi kuitwa mirayiridzo yake - inomirira ukuru Virgin)
• Agiosoritissa (mufananidzo Mhandara Yakakomborerwa pasina Child mumunyengetero - munamato anomirira kuti vanhu).

Iconography mufananidzo

CheTheotokos pamusoro bogolyubovo inobatana ndewechiLatin iconographic - Agiosoritissa, asi ane misiyano shoma kubva chinyakare zvirongwa Mhandara mufananidzo. Zvikurukuru, rine zvinhu mhando Hodigitria uye Orans. On the convolution, riri mumaoko Amai vaMwari, rakanyorwa mumunyengetero kuna Jehovha kudzivirira rwevanhu. Zvinozivikanwa kuti chinyorwa akanyorwa papepa iri, kushandura ose nguva kudzorerwa kuzvidhori.

Bogolubskaya Amai vaMwari zvakafanana zvikuru mufananidzo Musikana, waMosesi muKereke Santa Maria, riri muguta Palermo. A zvakafanana zvakafanana kunogona kurondwa kusvikira nzira hunomirirwa ari tuore Mirozhsky wemamonk muPskov, uyewo pachiso nemhandara Mariya rwiyo "Kutongwa Kwokupedzisira," uye "Candlemas." Kupiwa nezveizvi, vanyori venhau vakagumisa kuti muvambi mifananidzo iyi yokutanga yaiva Byzantine kuvake rokupenda, uyo akauya kudare Prince Dolgoruky uye zvadaro kumusha.

Anozivikanwa mazita kuvake

Shoko "zvakarongwa" pano rinoumbwa, deducted kubva yepakutanga.
Yakakwirira kunamata icon inoratidza chokwadi chokuti Russian vanhu mumakore chemakore akasika vanoverengeka gumi nevaviri makopi nayo, vava simba rayo chishamiso. Akanakisisa Padzimba dzino Moscow, Uglich uye Zimarovskaya mufananidzo Amai vaMwari (Bogolyubovo). Zvinoreva mifananidzo iyi vanhu Russian iguru; pamberi pavo akanyengetera panguva internecine kukakavadzana, nechisimba navatorwa, zvinouraya matenda.

Moscow

Moscow Icon zvinoratidzira neMhandara Maria ane rwakapetwa muruoko rwake, achinyengetera kuna Mwanakomana, uye pamberi paro, akapfugamira, zvitsvene. Aiva nemukurumbira Pamazita ichi ndechokuti Muscovites vakaponeswa kubva zvinotyisa dambudziko kupararira chirwere muna 1771. Kubva muzana remakore rechimakumi maviri Bogolubskaya cheTheotokos muna Moscow iri mukereke St. Peter uye Paul.

Zimarovskaya

Zimarovskaya mufananidzo Mhandara Yakakomborerwa haasi mwana, renguva urefu, rakatarira kuMwanakomana, zvaro kubva kudenga. Icon kuzivikanwa anogona kuporesa vanhu vanobva zvakakomba zvirwere - denda, korera. Kusvika muna 1925 icon Raichengetwa mumusha Zimarovo Ryazan nharaunda, asi pashure 1925 zvakanga arasika, uye kubva ipapo kwaunenge vasingazivikanwi.

Uglich

Zvakanyorwa mukuvamba kwezana remakore rechi17, uye makore 200 gare gare orutivi icon akatamira kune rimwe hwaro itsva. Icon anozivikanwa nokuda Kuporesa Uglich vagari denda pakati rechi17. Nhasi icon iri muguta Uglich, mukereke St. Dhemetriyo.

Chii Bogoliubsk kunyengetera pamberi mufananidzo?

Amai vaMwari nguva dzose vanotaura dzoMweya ave murevereri pakati pake uye Ishe. Munyengetero Bogoliubsk mufananidzo Amai vaMwari kazhinji rine chikumbiro ruponeso murume kubva chirwere uye njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga, kurwisana kwemadzinza uye makuhwa pamusoro vanhu vanobva moto mumasango uye minda, nenzara uye urombo, kubva zvinouraya matenda, mafashamo, chando uye kwemvura, kubva kurwisa utsinye nezvimwe inoti uye kubva inokuvadza mudzimba nokukakavara. Mukuwedzera, vafambi vari kukumbira kuti zvakanaka icon munzira, uye amai vakabvunza pamusoro utano vana vavo mune dzimwe nyika.

Kuchengetedzwa kwemifananidzo mumazuva edu

Last hwokudzorera wakazarura pristine mufananidzo Bogoliubsk mifananidzo, kwakaitwa kugomo mavara maruva. Saka, neMhandara Maria anofananidzwa muchimiro nguo manyoro uye ndachena nguo nejasi chidhinha. Meso Mhandara - ebhuruu uye matama - zvinoshamisa inopenya tsuka meso. Zvisinei, chimiro ichi, icon akazozivikanwa ichangopfuura. To musi, mufananidzo uyu primordial basa yakavanzwa vakawanda akaturikidzana wependi uye wakisi zvavakatemwa nokuda yapfuura restorers.

Chokwadi chokuti Russian mifananidzo kukuru vachingotya kuparadzwa, akanyora muna 1915 imwe yakakurumbira Byzantinist NP Kondakov. mifananidzo rwaiitwa muna 1918 nokuda kwayo muedzo Mashoko okutanga. Zvisinei, muna 1946 kudzorerwa F.A.Modorov nyanzvi akatamba "inosimbisa" wependi paiva Paraffin chikanganiso akasarudzwa michina yavo, izvo zvinoshamisa inokanganisa ezvinhu kubhadhara zvinoera. Saka, muna 1956 icon hwakatamisirwa miziyamu, apo nyanzvi yakapiwa pakugumisa kuti vazadze with hot wakisi yekudyidzana akarwarisa ukama nomuti lähikuva. Somugumisiro, kwakasarudzwa kusimudza Paraffin rukoko mufananidzo. Kwemakore 20, miziyamu restorers kunge vakachenesa pemvura icon kubva wakisi, asi zvamuremadza gesso nependi panguva vakafunga hunhu ane kusingarapiki.

Status mifananidzo zvanyanyoipa shure Raichengetwa nokufungidzira Cathedral iri Vladimir zvaipesana tembiricha uye mwando anokonzerwa kuregeredza ari mushandi netsvimbo. Muna 2009 icon hwakatamisirwa Vladimir-Suzdal Museum, apo mamiriro icon kwainzi nemafashamo.

Segdnya Bogolyubovo mufananidzo Amai vakaramba zvikuru-akashongedzerwa nzvimbo uye miziyamu conservators regai kuvimbisa kuti chive kuratidza mune foreseeable ramangwana.

temberi Russian nokuda Bogoliubsk mifananidzo

Vatatu Church yakavakwa Russia: Cathedral Bogoliubsk Amai Mwari Bogolyubovo muna Suzdal nharaunda, Michurinsk Michurinsk reruwa Tver - muna Vysokopetrovsky wemamongi.

Kuwedzera machechi munyika akavaka 12 makamuri ainzi Bogoliubsk mifananidzo - somuenzaniso, muna Dobrynin (Sobinsky District), mu Pavlovsk (St. George uye Paul dzoruwa), mu Shustin (Kolchuginsky District), mu Boldin (Petushki dzoruwa), muguta Ivanovo uye Tarusa, seconds. Teterinskoe (Nerekhtsky District), mune Krasnoyarsk uye mamwe maguta Russian uye maguta. Moscow Chapel Bogoliubsk Amai vaMwari pamusoro Kalitnikovskaya kumakuva muna Davydkovo uye Barbarous shongwe.

Kuwedzera Cathedral, Russia akavaka machechi 69 vachikudza icon.

Temberi Moscow, kuratidza Bogolyubsky kuvake

MuMoscow, Moscow Bogolubskaya vairemekedza Icon Musikana, akaisa pamusoro masuo Chinatown. Magedhi aya riri pedyo St. Peter uye Pauro pasuwo Yauza musi Kulishki, pana St. Peter uye Paul Lane, 4, kuvaka 6.
Moscow kuvake akanga kupendwa mugore iro pamwe chepakutanga - muna 1157. Munguva mhemberero icon kwemazuva matatu kubva pasuwo uye vachiita minyengetero yake.