Bhomba simba kupfuura munyika. Chii chakasimba kupfuura bhomba vacuum kana Fusion?

Hapana simba panyika zvikuru kuparadza kupfuura kuputika nebhomba renyukireya kana Vacuum. Various tsvakurudza uye kukura kwakaita kuti chokwadi chokuti akasikwa zvombo zvinoparadza, simba inoparadza kuti kuputika haana kurega munhu. Chii bhomba simba kupfuura munyika? Kuti tipindure mubvunzo uyu, tinofanira kunzwisisa peculiarities-siyana mabhomba.

Chii bhomba?

Nuclear simba miti anoshanda ari musimboti yokusunungurwa pinning pasi renyukireya. Izvi zvinenge kudzorwa. The akasunungura simba iri dzikwanise magetsi. The mabhomba bhomba kunotungamirira kuti pane cheni maitiro kuti zvachose chin'a, uye guru simba rakawanda akasunungura kunokonzera kuparadzwa zvinotyisa. Uranium exchange uye plutonium - havasi sezvisingakuvadzi zvinhu periodic table, hunozoita kuti munyika dambudziko.

A-bhomba

Kuti tinzwisise zviri bhomba guru zvikuru kupfuura renyukireya panyika, kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro zvose. Rehydrogen uye mabhomba mabhomba ndezvaJehovha renyukireya nesimba indasitiri. Kana iwe nokubatanidza zvidimbu zviviri uranium exchange, asi mumwe nomumwe ane uremu pazasi dzinonetsa kukosha, ichi "mubatanidzwa" vachava kure kusapfuudza dzinonetsa guru. Mumwe Nyuturoni rinobatanidzwa nengetani maitiro, nekuti Unokanganisa pasi chinoumba uye anosunungura 2-3 neutrons, anokonzera itsva kuora zvavaifunga.

Nyuturoni simba zvachose mhiri kudzorwa nomunhu. Pasati wechipiri mazana emabhiriyoni vachangobva decays kwete chete kusunungura guru yakawanda simba, asiwo kuva kunobva simba mwaranzi. Izvi radioactive mvura akafuka gobvu rukoko panyika, neminda, zvinomera uye zvose zvipenyu. Kana isu nezvazvo njodzi Hiroshima, muchaona kuti 1 giremu kuti putika kwakaita rufu 200 zviuru vanhu.

Nheyo kushanda uye zvakanakira Vacuum bhomba

Zvinonzi vaidavira kuti Vacuum bhomba, akasikwa kubudikidza Newest ruzivo anogona kukwikwidzana zvenyukireya. Nyaya iripo ndeyokuti pane TNT rinoshandiswa gasi fuma kuti ane simba kupfuura mashoma gumi nevaviri nguva. Aviation yakakwirira simba bhomba - simba kupfuura Vacuum bhomba munyika hairevi zvombo zvenyukireya. Inogona kuparadza muvengi, asi asingaiti kutambudzika kumba uye ano, uye kuora zvigadzirwa haazovanzwiri.

Ungazviita sei? Achangobva uchisiya munhu bhomba akaparirwa ari detonator pane imwe kure pasi. Dzimba vaparadzwa uye sprayed guru gore. Kana hwakakanyiwa okisijeni, anotanga dawo kwese - pamba, bins, matumba. kwose okisijeni kurukutika Vacuum. By anodonha bhomba ichi anotendeuka supersonic wave akaumba refu kwazvo tembiricha.

Kusiyana US Vacuum bhomba kubva Russian

Musiyano uri kuti ekupedzisira anogona kuparadza muvengi, uyo kunyange BUNKER, vachishandisa zvakakodzera warheads. Munguva kuputika mudenga warhead rinowira uye anorova zvakaoma pasi, vachiviga ari kudzika mamita 30. Pashure pokuputika kwacho, gore aumbwa, riri kuwedzera kukura, unogona kupinda munzvimbo yokuvanda uye nechekare ipapo putika. The warheads American azara zvavo TNT, saka zvinoparadza chivako. Vacuum bhomba zvinoparadza vamwe chinhu, sezvo ane nharaunda duku. Pasinei bhomba ndiyo simba - mumwe wavo anoita ungaenzaniswa ne chinhu kunoparadza ichivhuvhuta, kurova zvose upenyu.

H-bhomba

The H-bhomba - mumwe anotyisa zvombo zvenyukireya. Remubatanidzwa wenyika uranium exchange uye plutonium zvinowanisa kwete chete simba, asiwo tembiricha izvo zvakawedzera kuti madhigirii miriyoni. Hydrogen isotopes chokuita mu nehelium neerekitironi, izvo zvinowanisa zvikuru simba kunobva. Hydrogen bhomba ndiyo simba - chinhu zvazvisingarambiki chokwadi. Munhu chete kufungidzira Nokufema zviri kubhombiwa kubva 3000 mabhomba mabhomba ari Hiroshima. In zvose US uye yaimbova Soviet Union kuverenga 40.000 mabhomba kuti kugona zvakasiyana - renyukireya uye rehydrogen.

Kuputika zvombo akafanana ne kwemasayendisiti kuti kumbowanikwa zuva nenyeredzi. Fast neutrons ari kumhanya nokumunamatira uranium exchange bhomba deko pacharo. It anomira panze kwete chete kupisa, asiwo fallout. Pane kuti 200 isotopes. Kugadzirwa yakadaro zvombo zvenyukireya isingadhuri pane zvenyukireya, asi ayo zvinogona huchawedzerwa chero kakawanda. Ndicho bhomba simba kupfuura raputika, izvo akatambudzika Soviet Union 12 August 1953.

mibairo kuputika

Mubayiro nokuputika hydrogen bhomba iri tsika katatu. Chinhu chokutanga chinoitika - pane Nokufema simba chaizvo. Kukwanisa Its kunobva mumhu kuputika kuitwa uye mhando kwenzvimbo, uye mwero pachena dzedenga. Zvingaite guru moto madutu, izvo regai dzikamhara kwemaawa anoverengeka. Kunyange zvakadaro, rwechipiri uye migumisiro zvikuru ngozi anogona kuti simba kupfuura yenyukireya bhomba - a radioactive nemwaranzi uye kusvibiswa nzvimbo dzakapoteredza kwenguva refu.

Radioactive residues pashure nokuputika rehydrogen bhomba

With kuputika fireball rine boka choupfu kwazvo radioactive nezvimedu, izvo zvichachengetwawo mu mumhepo rukoko panyika mugarepo zvachose. Kana kunyorerana pasi kuti pave fireball kunganduma guruva anoumbwa tudonhwe disintegration. Pakutanga rinoungana guru, ipapo munhu kupenya, icho akatakurwa mhepo kwemazana makiromita. nezvimedu izvi zvinogona kuonekwa akashama ziso, zvakadai somunhu guruva anogona kuonekwa chando. Zvinoita zvinouraya kana munhu aizova pedyo. The duku nezvimedu kunogona kuva zvakawanda makore mumhepo uye saka "kufamba", achidzokorora yodzoka yose nyika. radioactivity yavo rinova simba kusvika padanho Vachawira sezvo mvura.

In zvinoitirwawo hondo yenyukireya nokushandiswa rehydrogen bhomba madhaka nezvimedu kuchatungamirira kukuparadzwa youpenyu nharaunda yemazana makiromita kubva kwacho. Kana ichashandiswa superbomb, ipapo wakanganiswa nzvimbo zviuru zvishomanana makiromita, ruchaita nyika yaro zvachose isingagariki. Zvakaratidza kuti munhu-simba kupfuura bhomba munyika anokwanisa kuparadza makondinendi yose.

Yenyukireya bhomba "nemuriwo." zvisikwa

Bhomba AN 602 akanga mazita akawanda - ". Nemuriwo" "chevaux bhomba" uye Zvakange muhurukuro Soviet Union muna 1954-1961, ukuwo. Rakanga simba kupfuura putika mudziyo panguva kuvapo vanhu. Basa iri kwayo zvisikwa akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze kwemakore anoverengeka kunyanya muchivande mumarabhoritari pasi rokuti "Arzamas-16." Hydrogen bhomba inokwana 100 megatons kwazvo zviuru 10 kakapetwa simba bhomba paHiroshima.

kuputika Its anogona panyaya mumasekonzi kubvisa pachiso Moscow. City Center kuti nyore sasana ari truest pfungwa shoko, uye zvimwe zvose aizova zviduku marara. Bhomba simba kupfuura zvenyika zvichacheneswa kudzimwa, uye New York pamwe ose nhurikidzwa dzakawanda. Shure akasiyiwa dvadtsatikilometrovaya zvakanyunguduka wakatsetseka mwena. With kuputika ichi akatadza kutiza, pasi mukati pevhu. Nzvimbo yose mukati imwe nharaunda ine 700? Km aizova vakagamuchira kuparadza uye kubatwa radioactive inoramba.

Nokuputika "Mambo Mabhomba" - kuti kana kwete kuva?

Muzhizha 1961, masayendisiti vakasarudza kuedza uye murinde kuputika. Bhomba simba kupfuura munyika chaiva putika panguva yacho, iri kure kuchamhembe Russia. Nharaunda polygon hombe inoremekedzwa chitsuwa yose Novaya Zemlya. The chikero rokuparadzwa aifanira kusvika 1,000 makiromita. With kuputika aigona kuramba utachiona maindasitiri nzvimbo dzakadai kuVorkuta, Norilsk uye Dudinka. Masayendisiti, wakati nokuenzanisa rapanzvimbo njodzi, vakatora musoro wake uye vakaziva kuti bvunzo iri akadzima.

Places kuedza akakurumbira uye chinopa simba bhomba kwaisava pose panyika, pakanga chete Antarctica. Asi kondinendi nechando pazvisina kuita kuputika, sezvo nzvimbo iri kuonekwa dzakawanda uye kuti vawane mvumo kunovhenekwa kwakadaro kunongova zvisingaitiki. Zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti kuderedza nokubatira bhomba 2 nguva. Bhomba achiri raputika October 30, 1961 panzvimbo - pachitsuwa Novaya Zemlya (ari nekukwirira anenge 4 kilometers). With kuputika paiva monstrous huru howa gore kuti asimuka 67 makiromita, uye kuvhunduka chinozunguzirwa rakatenderedzwa nyika katatu. Nenzira, panguva Museum "Arzamas-16", muguta Sarov, mumwe anogona kuona pane revashanyi newsreel kuputika, asi vanoti kuti haisi pamberi nokuda kuziya kwomwoyo.