"Ball" inzvimbo yegungwa

Basa rekuita kuti kuchengetedzwa kwemahombekombe egungwa rive rakakosha kune nyika yose ine gungwa rakakura. Kutya kurwiswa kwemazuva ano kwakaoma mune zvematongerwo enyika, nyika ipi neipi inotungamirira chekuzvimiririra kunze kwayo inogona. Nokuda kweRussian Federation, yakakomberedzwa pamativi ose nemakungwa nemakungwa, pamwe nenharaunda yaro yakazara mune zvigadzirwa, dambudziko rekucherechedza mvura yegungwa rinokosha zvikuru. Iyi ndiyo nzira itsva yemassile "Ball" uye "Bastion" inovimbisa kudzivirirwa kwakasimba kune zvinogona kuitika.

Izvi zvombo zvehurumende ndezvechizvarwa chitsva cheDBK. Izvo ruzivo pamusoro pazvo rwakatonyorwa, asi kunyange ruchibva pamashoko mashomanana, mamwe mahedheni anogona kugadziridzwa.

Sei kupikisa-zvigadziriro zvezvikepe zvinokwanisa kufamba?

IRussian Federation ine mhenderekedzo yakareba kwazvo yegungwa (anenge makiromita zviuru makumi mana), inenge yakaenzana nekureba kweEquator yePasi. Kana miganhu yenyika inogona kuvharwa nemasvingo, kugovera zvigaro zveuto rehondo, kupa huwandu hunokwana hwekugadzirisa hurumende kana kune ngozi, kugadzira zvingatendeseka kupikisa ndege uye anti-missile kudzivirira zvirongwa, zvino kugadzirisa kurwiswa kwegungwa kwakaoma zvikuru nokuda kwekusagadziriswa kwehutungamiri hwekutsvaga.

Kuzvidzivirira kwezvombo zvombo zvehurumende zvinodhura bhajeti zvakanyanya, uye hutungamiri hweuto hunofunga kuti kuwedzera kwegungwa rose kunenge kusina maturo. Mukuwedzera, PRK yemazuva ano inokwanisa kuchengetedza nzvimbo yakawanda yakakwana yekugona kuitika kwemuvengi angangodaro. Mhedziso iri nyore. Chero bedzi munyaya iyi vanogona kuonekwa pane imwe nguva munzvimbo idzodzo kwavanonyanya kudiwa, uye nekukurumidza kuchinja nzvimbo inoshandiswa, yakasara isingagoni kubhadhara mhirizhonga.

Mashoko mashomanana nezve geopolitics

Izvo zvinonzi "gunboat diplomacy" zvinowanzoshanda senhengo inokosha ye geopolitics yenyika-zvichida vadzivisi. Iwe unogona zvakare kuyeuka yakakurumbira "tsvimbo huru" uye Monroe Dzidziso. Icho chinokosha chezviziviso izvi chakaderedzwa kusvika purogiramu iri nyore. Kana hurumende nezviito zvayo inodzivisa kutonga kwepasi rose kana kwekune dzimwe nyika zvekuAmerica uye vashandi vayo, ngarava inotumirwa kumahombekombe ayo, ukuru hwayo inotarisirwa kutya utungamiri hwenyika isingaregi. Mune mamiriro ezvinhu apo maitiro epfungwa haana kuwanikwa, moto uye mapapiro eviation zvakashandiswa. Zvadaro kutasva kwekugara, basa uye kuchinja kwehurumende yekutonga kune imwe yakavimbika kune inogona.

Nhoroondo dzezvakaitika zvekudaro nzira yekugadzirisa dambudziko rematunhu, uye dzakakwana, zvikuru mumakumi emakore achangopfuura. Sezvo mutemo, nyika dzakapfuma mumasikirwo ezvisikwa uye nekuda kwezvikonzero zvipi zvairamba kuongorora mauto avo ehondo, zvikurukuru marudzi akasiyana-siyana ezvidziviriro (anti-ndege, anti-missile uye anti-ship) ndivo vanova vekutanga vakaurayiwa.

Kuti "Ball" inotarisa sei kunze

Kuti udzivirire simba rakadaro, Russia, kune dzimwe nzira, ine nhare inoshandiswa pakushambadzira inonzi "Bal". Nzvimbo yakakosha yakashandiswa kubva muna 2008. Nhamba yezviitiko zvakasarudzwa zvakagamuchirwa nemauto munguva yakapfuura hazvizivikanwi, asi kurwisana kwezvikwereti zve BKK izvo zvatove takangwarira.

Nokuda kwechivako chechigadzirwa chemagetsi uye chinangwa chekudzivirirwa, hazvisi zvose zvine chokuita nazvo zvinoratidzwa. Zvisinei, hapana zvachose chiripo pakunyanyisa zvachose maitiro ake. Pashure pezvose, kunze kwekugadzirisa kushanda kwekukurumidza, mabasa epfungwa anokonzerwa nechirwere anokosha zvakare. Kungotaura kuti chimwe chinhu chinogona kusvibiswa mune dzimwe nzira dzinokwanisa kuifungisisa zvakajeka chinogona kushanda sechidziviriro chakasimba. Nokudaro, mamwe maitiro uye maitiro ezvigadzirwa zveStestan anti-ship system zvinoshandiswa pachena.

Izvo zvakagadziriswa zveuto rehondo, rakashongedzwa neBalkan Ball, rinozivikanwa. Mhenderekedzo yegungwa yemassile system isangano remauto ekuparadzanisa uye inoumbwa nemamiriyoni (kusvika kune gumi) motokari paMaZ-7930 nharaunda yechina. Mabasa emutungamiriri we "uropi" hwegadziriro inoitwa neCPSU (inomiririra "nzvimbo yekutonga uye yekukurukurirana"). Motokari mbiri dzine zvigadzirwa zvakafanana zvakaisa nguva dzose kutarisira kupfura, kukurukurirana nemirairo yeuto nekukurukurirana pakati pezvimwe zvipfeko zvemafaira. Bhuku reB bal-E missile rinosanganisira kusvika kune zvitubu zvina zvakasimudzwa pachitsikisi chakafanana. Vanoshumira kumoto zvakananga kune muvengi. Kuvandudzwa kwezvombo zvinogona kuitika kana zvichidikanwa pamakwikwi anotevera anoitwa neTTM (mitambo-kutakurazve mitambo), inogonawo kusvika kune ina. Nzvimbo yacho inofadza-inosvika gumi kusvika kumakamuri gumi emichina.

Main caliber

Zvimwe zvinotaridza zvinoratidza kududzira kwetsamba "E" sechinyorwa chekutsvaga kutengeswa kwemuenzaniso. Zvichida izvi ndezvechokwadi, asi zvinogona kuitika kuti tsamba yezvechipiri inongova shanduko yekuchinja. Zvirongwa zviri mubasa neRussian Army zvinowanzotaurirwa mumutambo se "Bal-E." Mhenderekedzo yegungwa inoshandiswa nemakungwa semakona makuru ane chikepe chemassile X-35 (zvakare, dzimwe nguva nekuwedzera kwe "E"). Yakanga yakagadzirirwa sechinhu chakasikwa chepasi rose (ngarava, ngarava, pasi) uye inzira inobatsira yekuendesa shots rakarurama mukutarisana nemasimba akasimba uye akasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira magetsi.

Kutanga kwakasimba mafuta inokonzera mafuta kunopisa mafuta pakubviswa, ipapo inodururwa, inoparadzana uye inowira pasi. Iphiko iri kutakura, iyo inopinda mumhepo (iyo iri kubva pasi) ndiyo trapezoidal. Kubhururuka kunopfuura panguva yakadzika (kubva pamamita mashanu kusvika ku10), nokuti kuvimbika kwayo kunosangana ne-ultra-high redio altimeter. Nhungamiro yehutungamiri inobatanidzwa (inoshandisa nzira dzisingabatsiri uye dzechiradhi). Inomhanya yepamhanyi iri pedo nezwi rinomhanya. Kugadzirira kwekutanga kwe "cold" X-35E missile inoda imwe miniti. Kurema kweprojekectile yakadukusa - 620 kg, kuyerwa kwekuputika - 145 kg. Kudengenyeka kwakadaro kunoputika kwekuparadzana kwakakura hakugone kusimbisa kuparadzwa kwegungwa rekutsvaga nekuparadzanisa kwemashekeri anopfuura 5 000, asi izvi hazvidiwi. Mazhinji emotokari dzinokonzerwa neamphibious akakodzera zvakakwana mukati mekugadzirisa. Uye nokuda kwezvivako zvakakura, mhenderekedzo yemassile yegungwa yeBal-E ballistic missile system ingashandisa hurumende ye salvo. Nharaunda yekukundwa kweC-X-35 inosvika 120 km (zvishoma - 7 km). Izvi zvakakwana kuratidzira kurwiswa kwegungwa kurwisa zvisati zvaitika kana kuti kubvisa zvazviri.

Chassis

Unyanzvi hwehutano hwomudziviriro hunoenderana nekukwanisa kwaro kusvika panguva inzvimbo yekufambisa uye nekukurumidza kuisiya mushure mevhiri. Nzvimbo yakataurwa yepamusoro patency MAZ-7930 inonyanya kuvimbika uye ine simba. Icho chakakonzerwa zvose zviripo zveimwe sarudzo "Ball". Mhenderekedzo yegungwa yemassile, iyo inosanganisira kusvika kune gumi nemaviri mumutambo wekufambisa, inogona kutangira kubva kune nzvimbo dziri kure uye yakavanzwa, iri kure nemakiromita gumi kubva pagungwa, nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwezvinhu. Uyezve, masango uye mapango ndiyo nzvimbo yakakodzera yekupfura, uko zviri nyore kuvanza. Apa ndipo paunoda nzvimbo huru. Pamusoro peizvi, MAZ-7930 chassis inopa muteveri wemataine makumi mana nematanho akareba kusvika 850 km. Kubva kumigwagwa inomhanya makiromita makumi maviri / h, mumugwagwa mukuru - 60 km / h. Pamusoro pePU imwe neimwe, chikwata chekutakura kutakura kwemisungo masere yakasungirirwa, saka iyo-shot volley yechipato inotanga 32. Nguva yekutsvaga kurwisa nyika kubva pakutakura - Maminitsi gumi.

Zvisikwa uye nhoroondo

The Moscow Engineering Design Bureau, pamwe chete nemamwe mabhizimisi ezvidziviriro, yakaita zvirongwa zvakafanana zvezvizvarwa zvakapfuura, uye yakaunganidza upfumi hwakawanda mundima iyi. Nzvimbo yepamhenderekedzo yegungwa yemassile system "Rubezh" yakagadzirwa pano, yave iri kushanda neRussia Navy kwemakore anopfuura makumi maviri, uye yakatengeswa zvakare. Inobatsira uye zviitiko zvakagamuchirwa panguva yekusikwa kwechikepe chemassile "Uran-E". Izvi hazvikwanisi kuonekwa sechisina basa, zvisinei, iyo Ball, chimiro chemasasa chechizvarwa chinotevera, mukugadzirisa kwayo inofunga nezvemaitiro ekuvandudzirwa kwemazuva ano mune teknolojia muzana remakore rechi21. Serial production yezvombo zvitsva yakagoverwa kunzvimbo yemupupuri. Mamiriro ehurumende akabudirira kubudirira munaSeptember 2004.

CPSU

Kubva pakuona kwevanhu vasina kufambidzana nenhau dzehondo, Bal-E yegungwa yemassile system ine humwe rudzi rwemapurisa. Zvechokwadi, zvipfeko pamusasa ane simba rine tsvina zvinounza pfungwa yakawanda yezvitsva zvinoshamisa zveutsi uye moto uyo wakaputika kubva mumigodhi panguva yekugadzirwa. Zvisinei, muhondo yemazuva ano, simba rekutonga rinonyanya kukosha, izvo zvinoita kuti zvose zvinopisa moto zvive zvakarurama. Kupokana kwakapiwa nemuvengi mumamiriro ekurwisana chaiwo kunogona kusanganisira zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvikamu, kubva pamashandiro uye kushandiswa kwekombiyuta kugadziriswa kuedza kuendesa mberi zvombo. Kuwanda kwemabasa e-self-propelled command yekutonga nekukurukurirana kunosanganisira radar kukudzwa, uye kushanda nezvinangwa (kusanganisira kuzivikanwa kwenhema), uye kurongedza kutaridzika munharaunda, uye kugadzirisa chinangwa chekutanga. Muchirongwa we SKPUS (pane maviri acho, anonyatsogadzirisa mabasa eumwe) ane hutachiona hwemapurisa anokonzera kushandiswa kwemahofisi akavanzwa, maitiro ekuona usiku, kushandiswa kwemichina nekugadzirisa kupindira kwavo pachavo. Iko kunowedzera zvidimbu zvinyorwa zvekukurukurirana kwekodhi yekusimudzira kwakasimba. Vongai nemichina yose iyi, iyo inopesana neyezvikepe "Bal-E" inogona kukurumidza kushandura kusununguka uye kuita nehuwandu hwekugadzirisa, nekugara nokukurumidza mauto matsva.

Recharge

Mukana wekutyisidzira kwechokwadi kubva kune rumwe rutivi rune vavengi muzvikepe zvese, bhatiri yezvitsotsi zvinofanira kubudiswa pa salvo. Chirwere cheimwe X-35 rocket chinogona kukonzera kukanganisa kwakakura kumugwagwa wefrigate kana kuti kuparadza zvachose chikepe chiduku, asi chinangwa chikuru (cruiser kana ndege inotakura ndege) inoda mutsara wehutano hwakarongeka. Zvinonzwisisika, kana kupisa volley kupatsana kwezvina zvitsva kuchapedza zvombo zvakakurumidza. Mhenderekedzo yeBallistic missile yakaoma yeBal-E ibasa remisisi yakaoma yakakwanisa kuita zvisikwa zvina (maererano nehuwandu hwePU) maminitsi matatu oga oga (iyo nguva iri pakati pemotanga yemotokari imwe neimwe). Mushure mekupfura, chikwata chinofanira kusiya chigaro kuitira kuti usadzivirire chiito chekudzorera. Inotevera inouya TPM (kutakura-reloading machine). Nhatu-centered shells (makumi matatu nemaviri, zvombo zvakakwana) nerubatsiro rwemagadzirirwe anotora nzvimbo dzavo mune zvidha zvisina chinhu zvePU DB "Bal". Iyo yakaoma yakaoma ichava nemukana wekutsva zvakare pamhirizhonga. Izvo zvekudzorera zvisingatore maminitsi makumi mana.

Zvombo zvekudzivirira

Mamiriro ezvinhu, marudzi ose ezvombo anogona kugoverwa muzvikamu zviviri. Zvidziviriro zvidziviriro zvakagadzirirwa kudzivirira masimba anonyadzisa kubva kupinda achipinda munharaunda yakachengetedzwa yenyika. Zvombo zvinokuvadza zvinoshandiswa muchiitiko chekugadzirisa kusati kwaitwa kana kupikisa. Hazvibviri kubvisa chinangwa chinokuvadza chemuvengi anokwanisa, apo humwe hutongi hwenyika hunodanwa mubvunzo. Ndezvipi zvombo zvekuti "Ball" ndeyayo? Izvo zvombo zvinogona kukurumidzirwa kuendeswa kunzvimbo yaidiwa yemitambo yekushanda, zvichienderana nedzimwe nzira kana nenzira dzakasiyana -siyana dzekutakura (somuenzaniso, nekuisa zvikepe). Muchiitiko ichi, achafukidzira mauto kurwisana nemhandu dzinogona kuitika kubva kugungwa. Zvisinei, iyo inoshamisa inofambisa motokari inoita kuti zvive zvakaoma zvikuru kufamba mumhepo, saka, kune zvikonzero zvose zvekutenda kuti iyi DBK yakagadzirirwa kuita maitiro ekuzvidzivirira munharaunda yayo. I-Bal-E kugungwa missile system, kana ichiendeswa kunyika dzakashamwaridzana, ichadzivisa zvakasimba kupindira kwezvombo muzvinhu zvavo zvemukati.

Mikana yekufambira mberi kwemazuva ano

Rudzi rumwe norumwe rwezvigadziriswa zvinoshandiswa kugadzirira zvakagadzirirwa kushanda kwenguva refu kwemauto, izvo zvinopfuurira dzimwe nguva kwemakumi emakore. Iko mari yakakwirira yegadziriro yekutanga inotarisirwa kudikanwa kwekuderedza mutoro wekushandiswa kwemari yekudzivirira mubhajheji. Nokudaro, sarudzo imwe neimwe inokurudzirwa nekufungisisa kuiswa kwezvinobvira kushandurwa kwakagadzikana kunokonzerwa nekuonekwa kwechimwe chezvinhu zvakanakisisa zvese uye, kutanga kune zvose, maererano nekombiyuta yekombiyuta yepamusoro uye yekukurukurirana. Kwete, uye "Bal-E." Mhenderekedzo yegungwa inopesana nesara inoratidzika nepamusoro-soro yezvinoitika zvemazuva ano. Kunyanya, zvinobvira kuvandudza hutungamiri uye chinangwa chekugadzirisa mararamiro uchishandisa ruzivo runobva kunzvimbo dziri kunze. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvisingabvumirwi nemotokari dzemotokari, ndege yekutambira uye helicopters, nzvimbo yekucherechedza uye kurega radar kuongorora zvigaro. Kusungirirwa kwekudzivirira kwekunyorwa kwepamusoro kunobatsira basa rekuwana chinangwa.

Kana zvichiitika pakuonekwa kwemazuva ano emisipiresi, vachagadzirirwa zvakare ne "Bal-E". Mhenderekedzo yegungwa yemasisitoni ichakwanisa kuita mabasa ayo akapiwa maererano nezvinodiwa zvemazuva ano. Mhando dzakasiyana dzemamiriro ekunze, umo rusununguko rweRussia runochengetedza kukwanisa kukwanisa, uyewo inotarisa yepamusoro yekutengesa.