Bacteriological tsvakurudzo nzira: pamatanho, zvinangwa, chimiro

Kudzidza mabhakitiriya ari mukuru inoshanda zvainoreva wacho. Today akazarura vazhinji prokaryotes, izvo vakasiyana mumwe ari pathogenicity, kukura, chimiro, ukuru, nhamba flagella nezvimwe parameters. Kudzidza mu muudzame tisawirirane akashandisa bacteriological tsvakurudzo nzira.

Ndezvipi nzira Kuongororwa masero kwemabhakitiriya?

Kuti uone kana pathogenic utachiona, vari kuitisa kudzidza tsika dzakasiyana-siyana. Pakati pavo:

1. Bacterioscopic nzira.

2. bacteriological nzira.

3. Nzira vokubereka.

Tiibhii microscopy uye bacteriological nzira tsvakurudzo dzinobva basa rimwe prokaryotic masero sezvo ongororo utachiona unodiwa kuongorora kwaitwa masero kudaro mupenyu muviri mhuka experimental. Maererano mwero kuratidzwa ivavo kana zvimwe zviratidzo chirwere masayendisiti anogona infer kuvapo kana kusavapo pathogenic utachiona vari muenzaniso, uye chokwadi ivo kuwanda mumuviri chemhuka kuti tsika dzavo uye kushandisa mamwe mabasa.

Bacteriological tsvakurudzo nzira akasiyana zodzera. In wokutanga pachisara anoshandisa zvikuru akagadzirira tsika kurarama prokaryotes, kana yechipiri oparesheni rinoitwa nevakafa kana zvipenyu masero ari maikorosikopu ondomoka.

Zvokukura bacteriological tsvakurudzo nzira. zvidukuduku

Nheyo kudzidza zvivako zviri kwemabhakitiriya tsika zvinogona kubatsira kuti microbiologists, masayendisiti akaisa kunze kuongorora prokaryotic masero, uyewo Murabhoritari, vane basa iri kusimbisa pathogenic kana dzisiri pathogenic utachiona, uye ipapo murwere zvawanikwa.

Nzira yokudzidza mabhakitiriya rakakamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu:

1. Kusurukirwa mabhakitiriya kubva pakutanga mharidzo.

2. Kudyara uye kurimwa mabhakitiriya tsika yakaisvonaka, pakudzidza zvivako zvayo.

3. Kudzidza hwakadzama pamusoro kwemabhakitiriya masero.

Danho rokutanga

A mharidzo kana zodzera, hunobviswa vakasununguka pose svikiro kana murwere. Saka isu tiwane "coctail" kuti marudzi akawanda utachiona inofanira kudyara pamusoro zvokudya. Dzimwe nguva zvinoita kuziva pakarepo kwemabhakitiriya zvakafanira, achiziva kuparadzirwa dzavo nzvimbo muviri.

Shure kwemazuva maviri kana matatu vanosarudzwa zvinodiwa dzaidzorwa uye akaafukidza pamusoro hwakasimba vezvenhau Petri ndiro uchibatsirwa chena loop. Zvakasiyana-siyana mumarabhoritari tichishanda sepombi, sezvamakaropafadzwa yakasimba kana mvura kungava kuti inotonhorera svikiro. Uye inoitwa bacteriological nzira kutsvakurudza zvidukuduku.

chechipiri gumbo

Pashure kuwana nomumwe kwemabhakitiriya dzaitongwa rinoitwa zvakananga macro- uye microanalysis. All akayera parameters ungano dzaiva, kuona ruvara uye chimiro neimwe. Kazhinji count dzaitongwa pamusoro Petri mundiro, uye ipapo pokutangira zvinhu. Izvi kukosha ari kuongorora pathogenic mabhakitiriya, uwandu iyo kunoenderana mwero chirwere.

Bacteriological tsvakurudzo nzira 2 danho randinogara kudzidza nomumwe munowanikwa zvigare zvinogona machira kuti nzira zvipenyu zviri Kuongororwa mabhakitiriya. Chimwe chinangwa basa panguva ino - kuwedzera uwandu yokutanga zvinhu. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa svikiro, uye zvinokwanisika kuti kuitisa imwe Kuedza vivo kugara bvunzo zvinenge. Pathogenic utachiona zvichaita kuwanda, uye somugumisiro ropa ichange iine mamiriyoni masero prokaryotic. Kubva wakatora ropa riri nyore kuti agadzirire zvakafanira kushanda zvinhu utachiona.

Wechitatu Danho

Chinonyanya kukosha muchidzidza - tsanangudzo morphological, nemakemikari, toxigenic uye antigenic zvivako kwemabhakitiriya tsika. Basa iri mberi "wokunatswa" ari tsika pamusoro inotonhorera svikiro, uyewo zvinodhaka (kazhinji mavara) nemaikorosikopu.

Isa nhengo pathogenic kana mikana bacteria kune imwe taxonomic boka, uyewo kuona kwavo kurapika achibvumira bacteriological tsvakurudzo nzira. Stage 3 - nemishonga, kureva kuongorora kwemaitiro utachiona masero ari kugutsikana zvinodhaka zvakatipoteredza ...

Kudzidza tsika nemishonga iri rinoshanda kukosha kana zvakakodzera kunyoresa kuti imwe murwere kudiwa uye inonyanya kukosha, inoshanda zvinodhaka. Pano uye anogona kubatsira bacteriological tsvakurudzo nzira.

Chii maberekero pasi?

Nokuti kukura uye kubereka kwemabhakitiriya kuva mune pre-akagadzirira tsika zvenhau. The kwemashoko aya vangava mvura kana zvikukutu, uye mavambo - chirimwa kana mhuka.

Zvinodiwa inotonhorera nhau:

1. kusabereka.

2. Maximum pachena.

3. Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri chokupika acidity, osmotic kumanikidzwa, mvura basa nezvimwe utachiona variables.

Wana voga nyuchi

1. Method Drygalski. It iri ndechokuti loop rinoshandisirwa kwemabhakitiriya zodzera nedzimwe mhando zvigare. loop iyi akaita musi wokutanga Petri dhishi pamwe inotonhorera svikiro. Next, pasina kuchinja loop kubudikidza residual zvinhu rinoitwa ne rechipiri nerechitatu Petri ndiro. Saka, wokupedzisira muhutongi utachiona ivhu achaiswa seeded hazvina zvakasimba, saka nyore kukwanisa kuwana zvakakodzera utachiona.

2. Koch Method. Inoshandisa sepombi pamwe yakaumbwa inotonhorera svikiro. Pane ari akaisa loop kana pipette zodzera utachiona, pashure izvo chubhu mukati hwakabuda mugomo rinokosha ndiro. Hagari (kana gelatin) solidifies pashure nguva uye zviri nyore kuona pakukora zvinodiwa muchitokisi dzaitongwa. Zvakakosha kutanga wokuparadza musanganiswa utachiona vari sepombi kusvika wevasungwa zvigare haana guru chaizvo.

Bacteriological nzira tsvakurudzo, matanho iyo dzinobva yakarurama yavaive kwemabhakitiriya nemagariro, unogona kuita pasina izvi nenzira mbiri yokuwana zvoga nyuchi.

antibiotikogrammy

Nemaziso, zvakaitwa utachiona nezvinodhaka kunogona kuonekwa nenzira mbiri:

1. Method mapepa discs.

2. rutoto mabhakitiriya uye mushonga mune mvura svikiro.

Paper Disc nzira inoda tsika tusingaoneki izvo akura ari yakasimba inotonhorera svikiro. Svikiro iri akaisa shoma zvidimbu zvemapepa wakatenderera, akaiswa mushonga wokuuraya nemishonga. Kana mushonga kuzvigona chete neutralization kuti masero kwemabhakitiriya pashure ichi kurapwa mugove anoramba kuine dzaitongwa. Kana kusafarira mushonga unorwisa, mabhakitiriya richapona.

Kana uchishandisa emura inotonhorera svikiro rinogadzirirwa sepombi shoma wekutanga tsika mabhakitiriya akasiyana inosiyana dilution. Kune vaya sepombi anowedzerwa nemishonga, uye pamazuva anotevera chirongwa nekuita pamusoro pfuma uye zvigare. Pakupedzisira, tine unhu antibiotikogrammy naro kutonga kubudirira zvinodhaka kuti tsika kupiwa.

Basic kuongorora dambudziko

Pano wavo akanyora pasi zvinangwa zvinokosha zviri bacteriological tsvakurudzo nzira.

1. Wana mashoko kutanga mashoko kushandiswa voga kwemabhakitiriya nyuchi. Izvi zvinogona kuva swab pachiso upi chinhu, mucosa kana mhango dzomuviri womunhu, miedzo ropa.

2. Kukudziridza tsika pamusoro yakasimba svikiro. 24-48 Maawa pamusoro Petri mundiro inogona kuwanikwa dzaitongwa mabhakitiriya dzakasiyana kwemarudzi. Filter kubudikidza morphological uye / kana nokukanganisika nzira kunodiwa uye inoitwa kuti basa aizomuroora.

3. Mashoko zvichiguma tsika. Bacteriological nzira kuferefeta aigona inobva zvokuimba kana zvipenyu nzira kuwedzera uwandu kwemabhakitiriya tsika. Muchiitiko chokutanga, basa iri pasi nenzira yakasimba kana mvura inotonhorera unosvikirwa, izvo mune mazai chenguva duku utachiona muwande kuumba mapoka matsva. Nzira zvoutachiona kunoda dzinongoitika ezvinhu kuwedzera nhamba mabhakitiriya, saka pano tusingaoneki chirwere rabhoritari mhuka. Pashure pemazuva mashoma ari muropa yokuenzanisira kana swab angawana prokaryotes zhinji.

4. Uchishandisa Yakanatswa tsika. Kuona taxonomic nzvimbo mabhakitiriya, uyewo avo chavanopinda kuti utachiona, zvakakodzera kuitisa anonyatsotsvaka Kuongororwa masero yakavakirwa morphological uye nokukanganisika maitiro. Kudzidza pathogenic mapoka Micro-muviri kunokosha kuziva sei zvinobudirira zvinoitwa inorwisa mabhakitiriya.

Yaiva zvakajairika hunhu bacteriological tsvakurudzo nzira.

Features ongororo

Nokutonga chikuru pamusoro bacteriological kuongororwa - ndiro kunonyanyisa kusabereka. Kana uri kushanda pamwe bvunzo sepombi, zvirimwa uye subcultures mabhakitiriya yaifanira chete pamusoro huru doro rambi.

mumatanho ose bacteriological tsvakurudzo nzira zvinoda kushandiswa rinokosha loop kana Pasteur pipette. Zvose zvokushandisa zvinofanira pretreated mumweya rambi womoto. Kana Pasteur pipette, ipapo pakarepo asati kudziyisa mbereko zvakafanira usiyane muromo pipette tweezers.

kwemabhakitiriya seeding chidobi zvakare ine maitiro ayo. Chekutanga, kana akaafukidza pamusoro hwakasimba svikiro rakatakurwa kwemabhakitiriya loop Hagari pemvura. Loop Chokwadi, vanofanira kare kuva pamusoro mharidzo pemvura tusingaoneki. Uyewo aiita chirimwa kupinda tsika svikiro, umo kana loop kana pipette anofanira kusvika pasi Petri dhishi.

Kana tichishanda mura Vezvenhau vaishandisa sepombi. Zvakakosha kuva nechokwadi chokuti mvura asingadi kubata kumicheto Murabhoritari glassware kana koko uye vaishandisa zvokushandisa (dropper, hinji), usagunzva yokumwe zvinhu uye hukawanika.

Kukosha zvoutachiona tsvakurudzo nzira

Analysis imwe mharidzo mabhakitiriya ine kushanda. Chekutanga bacteriological zveBhaibheri unyanzvi anogona kushandiswa mune zvokurapa. Somuenzaniso, zvinokosha kuti vadzidze microflora murwere kuti ndisimbise zvakarurama nechirwere, uyewo kuva nzira yakarurama kurapwa. Pane zvinobatsira antibiogram kuti icharatidza basa zvinodhaka kuzorwa chirwere utachiona hwakakura.

Analysis mabhakitiriya anoshandiswa murabhoritari kuziva zvirwere ngozi zvakadai tibhii, relapsing fivha kana mwandabvu. Rinoshandiswawo chokudzidza kwemabhakitiriya Kuronga tonsils, nhego in.

Zvidzidzo Bacteriological anogona kushandiswa kuziva nzira yakasviba. Maererano quantitative uye Qualitative Kuronga zodzera kubva pemvura chinhu iri pakutsvaga mwero nokugaramo pakati svikiro kubudikidza tusingaoneki.