Bach Johann Sebastian. Nhoroondo yemunyori

Johann Sebastian Bach ndiye munyori ane tarenda zvikuru wezana remakore rechi18. Sezvo zuva rekufa kwake makore anopfuura 250 apfuura, uye kufarira mumimhanzi yake hauna kudzimwa kusvikira zvino. Asi munguva yehupenyu hwekufanirwa kuziva kuti munyori haana kugamuchira. Kufarira mubasa rake kwakaonekwa kwemazana emakore mushure mokubva kwake.

Bach Johann Sebastian. Biography: mwana

Akaberekwa Johann muna 1685 muEisenach, guta rehurumende muGermany. Baba vake vaiva violinist. Kubva ipapo, Johann akadzidza zvidzidzo zvekutamba chiridzwa chacho. Mukuwedzera, Bach Jr. akanga ane soprano yakanaka uye akaimba muimba yechikoro. Basa remangwana reJohn rakagara rafanotarirwa. Pazera remakore 9, mukomana wacho akasara asina vabereki. Akaendeswa kumba kwake nehanzvadzi yake yakakura. Pakupedzisira iye akashanda semutungamiriri wekereke ndokutora mukomana ikoko, akamugadzirira kuenda kumitambo. Zvidzidzo zvidzidzo zvakaramba zvichienderera mberi, asi dzaive dzakawanda kwazvo, dzisingabatsiri.

Bach Johann Sebastian. Biography: kutanga kwehupenyu huri kuzvimirira

Johann ane makore gumi nemashanu John akatamira kuLüneburg. Kubudirira kupedza gymnasium kwakamupa kodzero yekupinda yunivhesiti. Zvisinei, kushaya nzira dzekuchengetedza kwakadzivisa jaya racho kusashandisa mukana uyu. Aifanira kufamba kanopfuura kamwe muhupenyu hwake. Chikonzero chacho nguva dzose chakanga chisina kunaka mamiriro ekushanda, nzvimbo inonyadzisa. Asi hapana mamiriro ezvinhu akavhiringidza Bach kubva pakudzidza mutsva mutsva, nzira yekuita vanyori vemazuva ano. Kana zvichibvira, akaedza kusangana navo pachavo. Panguva iyoyo, vose vakanamata mimhanzi yekunze. Akanga ane ushingi hwokudzivirira nekudzidza mabasa ake enyika.

Bach Johann Sebastian. Biography: mamwe matarenda

Unyanzvi hwaJohann hwakanga husingagumi kuburikidza neunyanzvi hwokunyora. Pakati pevanhu venguva yake aionekwa somunhu anonyanya kuratidza wehupikiti nehupi yemutambo. Chaiva chekufungisisa pamusoro pezviridzwa izvi izvo akawana kukoshesa (kunyange vadzivisi vake) munguva yehupenyu hwake. Zvinonzi apo harpsichordist uye nyanzvi kubva kuFrance Louis Marchand vakanzwa kushanda kwaBach manheru emutambo muDresden vachiridza zviridzwa, akakurumidza kubva muguta.

Bach Johann Sebastian. Biography: munyori wedare

Kubvira muna 1708, Johann akashumira muWeimar semuimbi pachivanze. Panguva iyi, akanyora mabasa akawanda anozivikanwa. Nokukurumidza Bach akava nemhuri uye atova naye muna 1717 akasimuka pamusana wekukoka kwechinda kuKeten. Zvakazoitika kuti hapana chimiro. Muumbi wacho aifanira kutungamirira boka rechechi, achifadza mutungamiri ndokuenda naye kuimba. Muguta rino, Bach akanyora zvitatu-chikamu uye zviviri-inzwi rezvigadzirwa, uyewo "Shona" ne "French suites." Fugues uye preludes, dzakapedzerwa muKetene, yaiva yekutanga yevheti ye "Well-Tempered Clavier" - basa guru.

Bach Johann Sebastian. Biography shoma: kururamiswa muLeipzig

Muguta iri Bach akatamira muna 1723 uye akagara imomo nokusingaperi. Pachechi yaSt. Thomas akapiwa nzvimbo yemusoro weimbayi. Mamiriro ezvinhu aBach ainyara zvakare. Mukuwedzera kumabasa akawanda (mudzidzisi, munyori, mudzidzisi), akarairwa kuti arege kubva muguta pasina mvumo ye burgomaster. Aifanirawo kunyora mimhanzi maererano nemitemo: kwete zvakare kushanda uye kwenguva yakareba, asi panguva imwe chete iyo yakamutsa ruremekedzo kune vateereri. Asi, pasinei nemitemo yose, Bach, sekugara, yakaramba ichiumba. Zvinyorwa zvake zvakanakisisa zvaakasika muLeipzig. Vatungamiri vechechi vakafunga kuti mimhanzi yaJohn Sebastian kuva yakaisvonaka kwazvo, yakachena uye yakajeka, pakanga pasina mari shoma inopiwa kuchengetedza chikoro. Kubwinya uye mhuri zvakaramba zviri mufaro wemuumbi wezvinyorwa. Vanakomana vake vatatu vaivawo vaimbi vakuru. Anna Magdalena, mudzimai wechipiri waBach, aive ne soprano inoshamisa. Mukunda wake wekare akaimbawo zvakanaka.

Johann Bach. Biography: kuguma kwehupenyu

Makore ekupedzisira munyori akarwara nechirwere cheziso chakakomba. Basa racho rakanga risina kubudirira, uye Bach akanga ari bofu zvachose. Asi kunyange munharaunda iyi, akaramba achiumba. Mabasa ake akanyorwa pazvinyorwa. Nharaunda yemimhanzi yakange isingaoneki kufa kwemuimbi mukuru. Nezvayo zvakakurumidza vose vakakanganwa. Anna Magdalena, wechipiri mudzimai waJohnn, akafa muimba yekuda. Regina, mwanasikana muduku kuna Bach, aigara semupemhi, mumakore achangobva kupfuura Beethoven akamubatsira.