Aripiko Field remhandara? History uye dzinonakidza zvinhu

Famous Moscow Maiden munda akatambanudza refu zviuno, conventionally kutanga Garden mhete akaguma Novodevichy chechechi. Miganhu anogona munyaya East Minor Pirogovskaya kumavirira - Pogodinskaya mumigwagwa. Vasikana pamusoro akabatana mumunda huru Pirogovskaya. migwagwa izvi kusvikira 1924 vakadanwa, ukuwo, Makuru uye Small Tsaritsyno. Iyi nzvimbo ine pachivanze mambokadzi Evdokia Lopukhina - mukadzi Peter I. Mambo

Musikana Name munda. Zviripiko?

Vazhinji vanodavira kuti nzvimbo inotumidzwa zita rayo kuti pedyo Novodevichy chechechi, izvo aifarira chaizvo Princess Sophia ari XVII remakore. Isa mberi dzimwe hypotheses, izvo zvinoreva kuti yapfuura akaumba Field remhandara. Moscow pa hwekare akasarudzwa nzvimbo idzi-famba. Ipapo anoenda Zvakasiyana - wemamongi akasimuka zita rayo kubva yakavakidzana munzvimbo.

Imwe shanduro kwakabva zita Maiden munda anoti panguva iri wechiTatar-Mongol vagari dzomumisha zvekwavaishandira pano vasikana yakaisvonaka kwazvo kuripwa mutero akavatuma Golden Horde. Chechipiri shanduro ndiyo nerujeko. Field zita rinobva pakuti kare kwaiva Mafuro, zuva townsmen musikana nokupfuwa mhou pano, uye ari manheru akaronga mhemberero, mitambo inotambwa vachitenderera, vachiimba, vakaronga mitambo yakasiyana.

Isa mitambo paruzhinji

In nhoroondo Moscow Maiden munda ichinyatsozivikanwa wayo kwazvo ruzhinji mhemberero uye mitambo. Pakutanga, dzemazororo vakanga varonga chete Ecclesiastical, kunyanya raiva zuva kunamata icon Yedu Lady pakati Smolensk. Hazvina rukudzo pacharo uye akakwidziridzwa kuti Novodevichy chechechi. Gare gare musi Field Virgin kwakaita emitambo Podnovinskie, saka vadikamwa veko. Kazhinji mabasa pano nomukurumbira wokumwe muenzi vatambi vaifamba munzvimbo Russia. The inonyanya kufarirwa nevanhu paruzhinji jugglers Zheni Latur uye Pinetti. Russian yepfuma akaita dzinounzwa kunyange mari, iyo yakavakwa pano remuti yemitambo. Mariri vanofamba vanhuwo dzakatangwa vakasununguka zvesimba. Zvinosuruvarisa yemitambo yakaguma pamusoro nguva. Muna 1771 akarega kushanda nekuda kwedamabudziko, uye gare gare haana simba govera mari kwayo yokuzvigadzirisa.

The kugadzwa zviri Nicholas I

Zvisinei, mhemberero pamusoro munda haana kurega. Cherechedzai anopiwa kuti kuziva chavanoshaiwa zvakaitika pano muna 1826. Mhemberero chakatsaurirwa kuna chevaux Nicholas I. Nokuti kugadza Mambo mhuri uye vanokudzwa panguva remhandara Field yeraundi yakavakwa rwakapoteredza kunge stylishly wakashongedzwa maberere. Takakokwa kupemberera uye vanhuwo zvavo. Kwavari, munzvimbo isina nzvimbo chakafukidzwa rinowanzova saka siyana yokufamba: ose pastries, doro, uchi, muchero, aisvuta hamu, grilled nyama uye zvakawanda. Near zvakanga vakaisa matsime waini (2 makuru uye 16 diki), zvakananga kubva mokugezera chichivheyeswa chena uye tsvuku waini. Remhandara Field yakagadzirira kugamuchira vaenzi. Holiday akanga nevakawanda kuziviswa, uye nzvimbo akauya guru revanhu chisingapembedzwi kutambura inobata. Kana chiratidzo yakarira kusvikira pakutanga zvoupfu, vanhu yaaigara ndokuendeswa yamatsime, namatafura. Chaunga oparadzwa zvose nzira kwayo, uye ichi ndicho pasinei akapiwa yakaronga kuita pamusoro anonongedzera. maminitsi gumi gare gare, zvakanga zvisingaiti kuti kuwana kwazvo kukohwewa nzvimbo. Ruzhinji akatendeuka zvose zviri matongo: matafura, zvigaro akavhuniwa, edibles panyaya mumasekonzi oparadzwa, vakaparadza maberere. Izvi, tine yezororo.

Pashure pechiitiko ichi chakasimba, vose varaidzo mitambo munharaunda zvakavharwa. Akaita pano vaipemberera chete muchiuto uye kurovedza varwi. Chete muna 1864 pamusoro Field remhandara dzakatanga emitambo Podnovinskie, vakazotanga kubata uye mhemberero paupamhi pamusoro Carnival uye Easter.

Novodevichy chechechi

Ari remhandara Field, mumwe anoona pedyo of Novodevichy chechechi. Prechistenka kunotungamirira nayo, nenzira, zita yaiva chaiyo nokuda ndechokuti mugwagwa zvakatungamirira Novodevichy wemamonk, uko temberi kwakanga - mufananidzo Mhandara Yakakomborerwa. Above wemamongi masvingo akareba Tiered bhero shongwe. Pakati zvivako zvakawanda yemamongi inooneka kubva Maiden munda uye Smolensky Cathedral, iyo yakavakwa yaiva pakuyeuka wokusunungurwa of Smolensk nhare muna 1525.

Nechekare mumazuva ivepo rokutanga yaizivikanwa Novodevichy chechechi vakapfuma feudal upfumi. Muzana XVII remakore wemamongi zvaiva yakatarwa yeRussian nyika, aionekwa chikuru muridzi womunda. Paiva nemasisita Princess Sophia, I. F. Godunova, E. F. Lopuhina. Izvi anotsanangura chaizvo wemamongi nezviremera uye zvakanaka zvinhu rutsigiro.

Muzana XV remakore kurutivi rwamavirazuva kuMhandara mumunda kusvikira Moscow River akatambanudzira mukomboni Rostov bhishopu rakombwa ake weChicago duku vashandi panzvimbo zvino Rostov mukoto. Izvi nzvimbo panguva akataura ino sezvo Dorogomilovo ugari.

Clinical nhoroondo guta

Pamanyorerwo Yachinja Maiden munda pamagumo XIX remakore. Rakanga kwakabatana zvikuru vanachiremba rorusununguko Moscow State University. Nhamba yevadzidzi yakawedzera, vari mumakirasi ose nemasangano dzidzo pamusoro Rozhdestvenka uye Moss haana zvigaro zvakakwana. Muna 1884, ivo Moscow hurumende guta akasarudza uchatamisa yunivhesiti mari nyika remhandara Field akapa yunivhesiti wezvokurapa ne nemakiriniki. Shared Dedicated nzvimbo yaiva 18 hectares. Kunyange apfuura, muna 1882, zvavatengesi mudzimai Morozova akapa yunivhesiti 6 maeka nyika pedyo. Chipo akapinda batsira. Mari Morozova uye Paskhalov akavaka dzimba rokutanga vairwara uye obstetric madhipatimendi.

Saka vakatanga kuvaka Clinical muguta. ipapo The initiator ayo kuvakwa yaiva nomukurumbira chiremba - NV Sklifosovsky muna 1880-1891 makore - purofesa yunivhesiti. Iye akagadzira kunzwisisa kunotoda kurapwa kembasi Konstantin Bykovsky.

Official Tab akauya 1887 pashure Alexander III akatendera chirongwa ichi bhajeti uye siginicha.

Kupera kuvakwa

Field remhandara, izvo zvinoratidza Photo kukura kundima, akazadzwa zvipatara. Clinical guta rakakura. It mari kuvakwa mamiriro, asiwo entrepreneurial mipiro vairidza chihombe basa rokuvaka makiriniki uye anotanga.

Muna 1897, kuvakwa rakapera. Somugumisiro ari Moscow State University yakavakwa zvipatara 12, 1 amburenzi yemapurisa 8 masangano. Kubvira ipapo, ayo nhoroondo Maiden munda hunonyatsobatana kuti kukura mushonga mu Russia, uye gare gare Soviet Union.

Kana paruzhinji mitambo, ivo rwakatora makore mashomanana pano pashure pakuvhurwa Clinical muguta. Asi muna 1911 ivo zvaiendeswa mvura yakachena. Made ruzha nechirongwa utano wevarwere nomudonzvo akumbirwa kuti makiriniki Government asarudza kumbosendeka. Muna 1930, kuti Medical weVadzidzisi Vedare akanga tinoshandurirwa First Medical Institute, uyo gare gare vakagamuchira zita Sechenov.

Kusvikira ikozvino, Field Virgin iri kuonekwa chikuru nzvimbo pfungwa kutungamirira vezvokurapa makiriniki kwete chete muMoscow, asi yose Russia.

kumakiriniki

Izvo kiriniki iri Field Virgin dzakanga dzakavakwa?

Yakapera muna 1890:

• kurapa kiriniki chiremba Zakharyin;
• zvomusejari Sklifosovsky;
• Kumakiriniki zvirwere etsinga;
• Filatov Vana Hospital;
• Institute of General Pathological Anatomy Klein;
• Institute kungopa zvokurwara, pharmacology, utsanana.

Muna 1892, muchipatara kuchipatara:

• Ostroumova kurapa;
• kuvhiya;
• propedeutics zvemukati zvirwere;
• zvirwere ziso.

Muna 1895, akazarura mukuru kunotoda murabhoritari nzeve, mhuno nepahuro.

Zvino Big Pirogovskaya tarisa pamadziro rorusununguko zvomusejari uye zvokurapa yekuongororwa. Iye akananga weDhipatimendi yokurapa, yakakurumbira zvaiti. In kukirinika yake pulmonary ropa akarara A. P. Chehov.

Chivako yakaisvonaka pamusoro Clinical guta - mukuru kunotoda outpatient kiriniki, iyo yakavakwa murongedzeri Zaleski akazarura muna 1896. Imba iri Rector kuti MMA. Chivako pamberi shongwe Sechenov - muvambi pachikoro physiology, akasikirwa muna 1958 Kerbel.

In kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero maviri zvivako zviri neoclassical manyorerwo - anatomopathological Institute uye Clinic zvirwere ganda. Next muna 1960 raiva shongwe Abrikosov murindi muvezi.

Mikhail Bulgakov

Nhoroondo iri saka hunonyatsobatana pano nemushonga, saka zvikazooneka - kunyange munyori Mikhail Bulgakov, vaigara pano kubva 1927, maererano basa rake mumwe chiremba. imba yake remhandara Field agara yakazaruka vaenzi. Vakanga kakawanda vashanyi ipapo Ilf uye Petrov, Olesha, vanodhirowa mifananidzo Arts Theater Yashin, mazambiringa. Mumakore 30 Bulgakov ichangotanga mabasa ayo panguva Art Theater. Mikhail Bulgakov akararama pano aine mudzimai rudo Beloselsky-Belozersky. Zvadaro kuchangotanga uye akakurumbira yokufungidzira "Tenzi uye Margarita", zita wokutanga waiva "Consultant kune akaparadzana." Akashanda ari tenzi uye mutambo "The Cabal pamusoro Vanyengeri" uye nyaya "Moliere."

sikweya

migwagwa nuoli Big Pirogov uye Elan kuchaita kuti Square Maiden munda. Ndiyo chete nomunda aimbova munhu yakanyarara munda asina vakavakwa. Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo ndivo munharaunda yakakura zvikuru pamitambo Mhemberero ndashama pano kubvira 1864. Sezvatambotaura, pashure pakuvaka Clinical town mitambo yokuzvifadza akumbirwa vanachiremba fakaroti vakakurudzirwa kuti showroom muna 1911. Local chete sikweya, dzinoungana, boulevards akasarudza kutendeukira mupaki guru, iro rakasimba muna 1912-1913.

Green, vakasununguka Square anotuma netriangle zvino kuumbwa izvo Large Pirogovskaya, Yelanskaya mumugwagwa kuti anopinda Plyushchikha uye achipfuura Devichye munda. Colorful mutema, inotarisirwa zvakanaka nzira, chitubu, zvigaro - nyika yorugare, dzimwe nguva havatombotendi kuti vazhinji ruzha Garden Ring. At pakona mativi unoiswa Filatov Monument - mumwe wevana aitungamirira padyo chiremba kiriniki.

Michael temberi

Vaaishanda makiriniki Obstetrics and Gynecology Michael tembere riri zvipatara Devichye munda. It rakavakwa pasi chirongwa Nikiforov, Meissner iri chikamu chikuru Clinical muguta. pera ichi kuti inoshongedza muchipatara yakaoma, rinopa kukwana uye kuvimbika.

Muna 1894 Alexander III akatendera chirongwa ichi ezvivako, uye pakarepo akaisa temberi yakanga yaitwa. Nharaunda yaigarwa hukuru chinzvimbo Clinical muguta. Rakanga pano uye kwokufananidzira zvinoreva ari obstetric nyaya akaberekwa vacheche. Muchechi chete, uye vari kazhinji vakabhabhatidzwa. Paucheche mumuviri upenyu hwomudzimu panguva imwe chete.

Construction akaenda nokukurumidza, uye muna 1897 Michael kuchechi remhandara Field zvakatsaurirwa. wakatsaurwa ndipo azere kuvakwa pakuvaka Clinical guta raiva yokupedzisira basa vose vakavaka zvokurapa kunzwisisa. Michael Temple kwazadza upenyu reguta iri pakunamata chaiyo uye zvaanoreva. Vomuchechi pakanga vanachiremba, vadzidzi uye varwere, uye vagari vemo pedyo mudzimba.

Dzakaoma. kupora

Muna 1922, munyika dzakaoma nokuti Russian asingatendi muna Mwari mutembere remhandara Field sacked nokuda Bolsheviks. The pfuma ikavharwa uye akazivisa "pfuma vanhu." Muna 1931 chechi yakavharwa, rising kuparadzwa, izvi zvose pasinei mukanyiwa kwevakanga vemo. Kuvaka temberi, yokutanga yakarongwa kultprosvetchitalnyu, ipapo akashongedzerwa pano yokurovedza muviri, ipapo mishonga, sehofisi, yokuchengetera zvinhu. Muna 1977, chechi akatosvika kuparadzwa zvachose kuti nzira pakuvaka zvokudya. pavanogadzira zvinoitwa veruzhinji chete akabatsira kumisa vandals. Kwemakore akawanda temberi chakasakara yakanga isina. Chete mukutanga kuma1990, chivako pakupedzisira akapa vatendi. Zvakasaririra temberi kwenguva refu yokudzorera, akadzorerwa. Muna 2002, chechi Mikayeri rakavhurwa masuo aro vatendi, zvakare yakarira mairi munyengetero, shure yakapfuura runako uye nokubwinya.

Remhandara Field. Kolomna

Kutaura Moscow remhandara munda, tisingatauri eponymous mugwagwa Kolomna. Iyewo ane nhoroondo yayo anonakidza, kunyange vanhu vasiri vakawanda nhasi vanoziva nayo. Nhasi remhandara Field (Kolomna) - zvake guta mumugwagwa nharaunda Kolycheva apo yabuda mu akatevedzana pemapuranga dzimba. Vagari vakati zvakaoma kunzwa kufara nezvokuti vanorarama chaizvo panzvimbo yainzi chiratidzo kubatanidzwa Russia. Pano Dmitry Donskoy akaunganidza squads machinda vakanga vachirwa mumwe. Izvi apo iye kubatanidzwa akavaisa imwe Russian hondo nesimba, raiva amborohwa pakurwa kukuru Kulikovo. The Rostov akaenda kundorwa, muPskov, Suzdal, uye akadzokera - Russian. Saka pakanga yemubatanidzwa.

Nyika iri rinokosha chaizvo, uye gare gare akaramba akaita pano kutarira mauto.

Zvino nzvimbo iri dzinogarwa Kolychevo vakarongedza rine zvose mureza zviratidzo. Vasikana munda indekisi mu Kolomna - 140 404, kureba dzomumusha - 1.3 km chitima basa №7, mumaguta nharaunda Kolychevo. Mumugwagwa vakaita dzimba, uye zvokutengeserana emakambani, ruzhinji Eenhede uye zvokurapa.