Ancient Egypt: chombo chine zita

Mumazana kare Ancient Egypt aiva norugare uye norunyararo vake Vashanyi isingawanzowanikwi. Kunze kwokuti vagari murwizi aifanira dzinga kuti kurwisa vavakidzani zvehondo uye madzinza akawanda anongofamba, hurumende nguva nenguva runozununguswa zvinorwisana maari, kudirwa ropa mhirizhonga uye kusagadzikana. Naizvozvo zvekare Egypt zvombo kazhinji anova mutsindo nharo nokuda kwezvaizosarudzwa penhau dzakawanda dzinokosha.

The chikuru nguva kare vekuIjipiti

Setsika, nhoroondo yeIjipiti yekare zvinogona rakakamurwa muzvikamu wandei, huru ndivo vari:

1. Ancient umambo rinofukidza nguva kubva 3.2 fung. To 2.4 zviuru. BC. e. Rakanga pakurukurwa pre-dynastic nguva uye vokutanga dynastic nguva.
2. Middle Kingdom - kubva pamakore 2.1 zviuru 1,8 zviuru BC ... e.
3. Kingdom New - pakati 1,7 zviuru zvemakore BC. uye 1.1 zviuru. BC. e. Aiteverwa mukupera uye Hellenistic nguva.

Nguva iyi ndiyo nani zvimiso, sezvo pakati neimwe mikuru nguva munhoroondo kunge raiva refu kuchinja anova kwekanguva chakasimba enyika uye munzanga kurwisa, riri kusangana Ancient Egypt. Weapons panguva izvi nguva zvakaitika kwokudiwa zvisati zvamboitika, achipa mamwe riwedzere kuvandudza nayo.

Zvikonzero kusikwa uto dzose

Munguva Umambo Old, achikusiyirai kuyeuka pakuvaka kupfuura uye kupfuura ukurumbire nguva kwedu mapiramidhi, chikuru kutyisidzira kumaodzanyemba kumuganhu weIjipiti Aimiririrwa tsika vavengi ayo ari Nubians, uye nokuda kumabvazuva - anongofamba Bedouins. Sezvo kudzivirira kupindira kwavo uye kuchengeteka dzaishandiswa pakutengeserana hwatakazvarwa, vanaFarao vakatsiva kuchengeta pakusika hondo dzose dzakabatana vane rekuchikoro chombo. Izvi zvaisanganisira kunyanya vakasununguka vanhuwo zvavo, vanogamuchira vavo Services mumwe muhoro.

Chii chakaita zvombo muIjipiti yekare?

Panguva mumatanho ose emunhu zvayo zvombo kwaienderana achinyanya nenhanho unyanzvi mberi. Sezvo nguva pasi pakudzokorora zvakanga richiri kwayo kwokutanga danho, zvombo muIjipiti yekare vakaitwa shoma pamazita zvokuvakisa, izvo dziri iyoyo gunsmiths. Of nesimbi iri yavo dzaiva chete zvemhangura uye ndarira, dzaiva pamusoro zvaAtemisi nemapanga hondo namasanhu. Made zvombo izvi vaiva panguva zvinodhura chaizvo uye rinoshandiswa kunyanya vehondo panguva dzakasiyana-siyana mumatunhu uye vanaFarao.

Zvisinei, chikuru unoshamisa revarwi hondo vaiva nezvombo pamwe mapfumo nenhoo kuvanzarika shure. A yoga Bazi basa vaiva nouta, uye varwi, nokuparadza muvengi makirabhu. Spearheads uye arrowheads, uyewo rokumusoro thickened chikamu netsvimbo, akadana misoro, akaita anopinza.

Nhovo wigs Marines

VaEgipita nhoo aiwanzova pakubhadhara mbiri - guru, akapotsa kusvika murwi chirebvu uye Vakarodza pamusoro, uyewo zviduku, aiva tenderera chimiro. Sezvo avo nevamwe zvakagoverwa mukati chaizvo mabhandi anobvumira kuichengeta, uye kuita nyore zvakasiyana-siyana yetsiva nzira.

Kana hembe yavarwi yekare, tichiona yakaoma uye inopisa hapana yunifomu inokosha vakanga. Kazhinji, hembe dzavo zvinosanganisira pfupi siketi, uyewo zvakajairika pakati rehurumende vakawanda, uyewo wigs kuti nedehwe remakwai. Izvi zvinoita decoration chizenga, akanga zvisinei nechinangwa evasingatombonamati utilitarian. Made anoverengeka akaturikidzana nedehwe remakwai, mbava akamonyanisa kudaro headgear nengowani vakaita basa, achidzivirira musoro Murwi kubva kurova tsvimbo kana makirabhu.

Egyptian phalanx

About kukura uye kugona kweuto reIjipiti akati kuti panguva yaitonga Farao Sneferu (2614-2579 gg. BC. E.) By pokurwisa vaEgipita vakakwanisa andobata kunze vapfumi mugodhi uye kunyange 700 zviuru. Vasungwa. Sezvo hondo yakanga kuvhura sandara nomunzvimbo dzine, chikuru revarwi zvidobi vaEgipita kwaiva kuvaka phalanx - gobvu kuhondo, iine pikemen, kuchizvivanza nhoo.

Shure vakauya vapfuri, vachiridzira pamusoro pemisoro yavo uye kugeza muvengi namakore nemiseve. Kana nzira iri rakashandiswawo mune mamwe marudzi, nguva dzose yakahwina zvikuru kurangwa uye vakadzidziswa hondo. Panyaya iyi, vaIjipiti vakanga vasina kuenzana.

Zvakakurukurwa wehondo nguva Middle Kingdom

Zvombo Ancient Egypt panguva Middle Kingdom vakabatana kwakapararira demo. In yapfuura zvenhoroondo nguva vakanga nechakare pamahombekombe aNairi, asi akashandisa kashoma nokuti ayo kudhura. Izvi vendu-uye-rinobaya zvombo, inova akafanana navanopinda curved demo, akarovererwa pamusoro refu padanda, akaita yendarira, saka zvakanga zvinodhura chaizvo.

Sapakutanga, uto yakakamurwa varwi vaishandisa muhondo nhoo, uye vaya vanoita pasina pavo. Aimbova zvinosanganisira nevemapfumo, iyo pakupera kuMiddle Kingdom uyewo akabatana Marines namasanhu uye rechipiri - varwi vakabata mapfumo, namasanhu, namatemo, maces netsvimbo.

Zvakagadzirwa muhondo nzira

Neimwe kuchinjwa uye nzira yokuvakwa kurwa phalanxes. Kana vari mumutsara chete, zvino varwi akatanga kuvaka kuhondo shoma, rakatarira mumwe muzvirevo munguva. Panguva iyoyowo vaya inoiswa kumashure mukamuri, aiva nepfumo pamwe yakareba miseve, achivabvumira uyewo yakarova muvengi.

Izvi zvinofanira placement chikara chetsanga akadana chivakwa zvakadzama uye akabva ashandisa nemauto akawanda. Pasinei chokwadi kuti vakawanda muenzaniso wake wakakwana yakakurumbira Macedonian phalanx, akaedzwa uye vakava utsanzi ichi Ancient Egypt, ane chombo kunyange panguva akabvumira kushandiswa nzira idzodzo hondo.

A maitiro chinoratidza nguva hondo reIjipiti kuMiddle Kingdom ndechokuti painyanya zvachose kuti vaifamba, uye varege kushandisa mabhiza, kunyange Nile panguva iyoyo vakanga nechakare. Sapakutanga, mukufamba vachirwa basa rinokosha rakapiwa vapfuri, zvombo akanga okunatsiridza akawanda.

Yakanga yava muedzo simba. Masvomhu anoratidza kuti masoja, vakabata nyore uta wakagadzirwa nechimwe kudanda, uye mumwe nehafu metres kukura, vakakwanisa yakarova muvengi ari chinhambwe 150 metres. Pamwe chete kuti, paivawo zvakawanda yepamusoro yemashoko ichi chombo, inounganidzwa kubva marudzi akasiyana matanda uye akafukidza nematehwe. Asi nekuda kwayo kudhura, vakanga zvakaoma nyore varwi vanhuwo.

The Kuderera kwaizotevera kumutsidzirwa weIjipiti

Nokuti vaIjipiti kuMiddle Kingdom ndokuguma zvikuru. Izvi zvakaitika muchidimbu nokuti kuti havana kukurumidza Akazadzisa hondo itsva panguva muhondo ruoko - ngoro, izvo kare yaishandiswa vavakidzani vavo. Somugumisiro, vakagamuchira chidzidzo zvinovava, prepodnesonny dzavo madzinza Hyksos muArabhu.

Kushandisa mukuru-nokukurumidza hondo kaviri ngoro, vakaita kurwiswa mheni, achidururira mvura chemiseve muvengi uye ngozi kusiya kubva kusunga. Nokuti avo Mobile mapoka revarwi uye nezvombo muIjipiti yekare, paakanga akasungwa ari kumashure padariro kukura, haana kukuisa pangozi dzakakomba. Zvakaguma akava ake kwakasimba uye akafambira Hyksos nguva iyoyo kusviba.

Revival pamberi simba, asi akakundwa vaGiriki State rakatanga kumativi XVII remakore BC. e. Chikuru Chikonzero izvi ndechokuti varwi yeEgipita yekare uye dzavo zvombo zvave kuchinja zvinoshamisa kuti akabvumira pakupedzisira rokudzinga nechisimba.

Chokutanga, vakadzidza kwete chete ruchikonzera mabhiza, asiwo kubata navo. Uyezve, mhizha muIjipiti akakweretwa pavatorwa mukugadzira zvemichina nengoro, uye vaimbova Marines kugona magadzirirwo kuti kuvashandisa inoshanda kushandiswa zvechiuto.

Zvaiita sokunge nengoro?

Ndipo muEgipita ngoro, nhasi unogona kutongwa nokuda hwakawanda huripo zvifananidzo, uyewo zvinhu zvaishandiswa yakawanikwa panguva matongo Zvakafukunurwa. Chaiva chiedza ngoro, rakagadzirirwa vanhu vaviri, mumwe icho nemabhiza maviri mahanisi kwairi akamhanya, uye yechipiri panguva ino vanogumurwa vavengi kubva uta.

magadzirirwo ayo chakaumbwa nenzira yakadaro kuti ngoro aiva shoma zvinoita kurema, uye aikwanisa yakakwirira aimhanya. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, isu muenzaniso nhamba kunodiwa lateral emapuranga inodiwa, uye pasi rakagadzirwa mutete rakarukwa tsvimbo. Mavhiri pamwe yakatetepa emapuranga hoops uye haana zvakawanda uremu. To panhivi ngoro yakanamatira magoba nemiseve, Nehunde izvo kunoita hondo kuramba.

Zvakagadzirwa pachipfuva nyaya

Zvisinei, chinonyanya kukosha chokufunga kuti vachasimudza midziyo weuto kuvandudza, uve kuvandudzwa simbi kugadzira. Pamusana kwavari, mutana mapanga mapfumo nemiseve vakanga yakatsiviwa simbi vachiwaridza. Rave nani uye magadzirirwe uta pachavo, zvichaita yekudyidzana kuvandudza kururama uye kuwanda kurwa.

Panguva iyi, akare zvombo yeIjipiti yekare, nemazita kuti vari kunyanya vanoshamwaridzana vanoda kare, vaisanganisa nokuda utsanzi, chikwereti, maererano vaongorori, kubva sevaSumer. Izvi zvakanga vanonzi KHOPESH - rudzi chando simbi, zvinosanganisira nejeko serin'i chipande uye mubato. A maitiro kuchiitwa ichi mhando bakatwa raiva kwayo yakakwirira kupinda, izvo akabvumira kuti varove varwi, akapfeka simbi dzokurwa.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti pakati zvichiitika iyi mhando itsva zvombo vakawana uye boomerangs, pamwe Runako anenge indistinguishable nevaya akashandisa vagari Australia uye Polynesia. Sezvo iyi, chero nokukwereta zvinogoneka chete vakafungidzira kuti yokumusha kwavo zvakananga Ancient Egypt.

Zvombo uye uto sangano Umambo New

The-pamusoro apa hwokugadzira zvakagadzirwa zvichaita yekudyidzana kugadzirisa uye yose muchiuto sangano ehurumende. Uyezve nhaka kubva zvapfuura emakore inifanduri - "pajira riya", akaonekwa vengoro - "netheter", iyo akava mhando wehondo vepamusoro. Ivo chose upenyu hwavo vachidzidza uye kurwisa unyanzvi kubva baba mwanakomana akapa nzvimbo mungoro.

Vari ndavhiyiwa shanduko nguo uye nezvombo muIjipiti yekare infantrymen. By chete pamipendero mwoyo-akadhindwa akawedzera anodzivirira namaapuroni, kufukidza mudumbu somurwi. Not akaruramiswa uye disused mbava wigs rakatsiviwa headscarves, yakadzivirirwa kubva inopisa kupenya kwezuva.

In Rwose michina varwi vayo muIjipita nezvenguva New Kingdom, chaipiwa pa Hondo Kadheshi (1274 BC. E.), Where hondo dzavo unga muhondo navarwi yoUmambo muHiti. Ancient Egypt, ane zvombo zvakapfuurira kuvandudza, kunze kwayo mutsika siyana, dzakadai uta, namapfumo, miseve, hondo namatemo, namatemo, nemapanga, uye akazviratidza nguva pfupi asati KHOPESH, sezvo rwa pamusoro, kuti zuva akazivisa nyika, uye mhando mbiri itsva nemapanga .

Vane unocheka mativi mashizha ndokugadzira kubva simbi (yaimbonzi kugadzirwa zvavo kubva yendarira) akanga mashizha zvakaumbwa, kwavakazvidza vari pakunwa tapered panguva yayo kumugumo. Zvakanga hwomutambarakede uye ruoko, akashongedzerwa aine cône serin'i mabhero. Vakanga akafanana, uye musiyano waiva kunyanya kukura kwezvinhu zvavo. hondo iyi yakanga Watershed, apo yendarira uye mhangura mumaoko varwi akasvimha simbi.

In Zvakazoitwa nhoroondo nguva yekare Egypt zvombo (mufananidzo zvayo nomumwe ivhu vanoonekwa munyaya) kwave kuchiita zvimwe kuchinja, zvichibva zvose zviripo mberi mukati munyika, uye pave dzakawanda ukama.