A semiconductor diode. Panobva Electronics

With zvose zvakasiyana-siyana ano maatomu akafanana nehwaro zvemagetsi havafaniri kukanganwa kuti inobva nyore chaizvo zvinhu, umwe riri semiconductor diode.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa pakarepo kuti pakutanga kuaona chiri nyore maatomu akafanana. Kutaura zvazviri, kushandiswa kwayo kunoita kugadzirisa mabasa akasiyana-siyana mumunda zvemagetsi uye magetsi mapurani. Mabikirwo gadzira zvakadaro mano haisi kunyanya kuoma.

The diode ine mbiri dzakasiyana mune conductivity mhando nezvinhu inonzi nzvimbo N-conductivity uye peji-conductivity. Kana tikafunga musimboti kushanda rimwe semiconductor diode, tinofanira kupinda zvinhu zvakadai PN Junction, Erekitironi anobuda, diffusion, zvimwe zvakafanana chaiko migumisiro. Naizvozvo, tichisiya kukurukurwa mibvunzo iyi kuti imwe nguva, shandisa kuenzanisa. Enzanisa semiconductor diode angava vharafu. Nokuda mamiriro ayo, zvinosanganisira mbiri dzakasiyana conductivity mhando zvinhu ari mudziyo kwakadaro pane yaitsigira divi conductivity, izvo zvinoreva kuti magetsi kuburikidza kunogona ichiyerera chete rimwe divi. Chete zvinoitika kana uchishandisa vharuvhu - mhepo kana mvura inogona kupfuura chete imwe chete. Muenzaniso - bhasikoro kamera: kuti mhepo runoyerera, uye shure - kwete.

Zvinoita sokuti nyore chaizvo - imwe-nzira conductivity, asi anopa chaizvo mikana kurishandisa hunobatsira kushandiswa. Kunyanya, mumwe semiconductor diode anoita AC kuna DC kutendeuka. Pane boka rose mishonga inonzi rectifier diodes.

Vanoshanda sezvinoita vharafu. Kana polarity ari voltage kureva chigadzirwa rinoenderana inodiwa, kureva, kana kuwedzera voltage rinoshandisirwa mudziyo ndinoiitawo uye kubvisa kuti kubvisa, ipapo kuburikidza Magetsi, kana kwete, hapana chinoitika.

Akafanirwa kune mugumisiro anorondedzerwa AC voltage iri dzikwanise zvachose chimwe. The chiyamuro Dunhu iri vaipa kune rakatumbuka voltage, asi voltage mhiri semiconductor chapfuura chete zvakarurama polarity. Somugumisiro, patinonyatsonzwisisa goho voltage kuti polarity mumwe chete, apo pulsing, kureva siyana mu amplitude.

Izvi hazvisi chete kushandiswa semiconductor mano. Panguva PN Junction, inova hwaro diode, pane dzimwe nzvimbo, zvakawanda zviri rinorondedzerwa zvakananga kwayo mukugadzira. maitiro aya ndiwo hwaro mumwe, akasiyana zvikuru mudziyo makirasi. Izvi zener diodes, mukuru-kakawanda uye pulsed diodes, varicap, photodiodes, LEDs, etc. Asi vose vari inobva ehupfumi ari PN Junction.

Zvisinei, pane boka mano, rinonzi "semiconductor Gunn diode", haruna chokuita paumbwe yakadaro iitike. basa ravo inobva anonzi Gunn kushanda. It anokonzerwa kunzwisisa akagadzirwa mananara kuitika semiconductor Chip pasi zvimwe zvekunze izvi. Somugumisiro azvaiitwa magetsi ruchiyerera napakati sekristaro anochinja oscillations ayo kuitika. Asi nokuda kwavo kuchizvarwa uye kushandisa kwakadaro namano. Vari yemanyorero kushandiswa microwave michina seinokonzera vibrations.

Diodes vari chinokosha chero wemagetsi. Vari inoshandiswa kupatsanura uye voltage kutendeuka, Kudzikamiswa, inonzwika apo ruzha; nyore nyora nyaya apo havasi kushandiswa. Kwavari, pane mhando dzakasiyana pokugara, rakagadzirirwa dzakasiyana-siyana dzenzvimbo uye voltages uye akagadzawo zvose kwezvavakaisa goho nematunhu zvemagetsi. Diode - nayo pamwe ndicho chimwe chezvinhu inonyanya semiconductor namano.

Zvino munoziva kuti semiconductor diode, uye ndedzipi nzira kushandiswa kwayo.