Everyday Magic: Vanilla maruva muupenyu hwedu

Vanilla hunonhuhwira anotiperekedza upenyu hwedu hwose kubvira ndichiri muduku Tinoyeuka munhuwi zvinonaka Vanilla mabhisikiti, vechidiki isu kusonganirana anonhuwira nemusikana kana kwako kufarira munhuwi. Ushamwari uye kunyaradza dzinobva rimwe nerimwe nendangariro! Kwete kare, masayendisiti akawana kuti kunhuwirira kuti exudes Vanilla maruva uye kunhuhwirira simba zvinobva pazvibereko chirimwa ichi, Anyarara uye kuzorodza ari huta dzevanhu hurongwa. Kana vanhu kuzivikamwa pamusoro chirimwa ichi, inobereka ruva uye chii zvinhu zvinodiwa izvozvo? Nyaya ino achaedza nezvamai ruva iri sezvo ari Vanilla Orchid, pikicha iyo chinopiwa pazasi, uyewo kupindura mibvunzo yose.

A Nhoroondo shoma

Vanilla nzvimbo yechizvarirwo ndiye Central America, uko kwakanyorwa hwainyanya kubudikidza veko - vaAztec, uyo akahushandisa kuvandudza palatability matsvene zvinobata - zvikabva yazvino chokoreti.

Wokutanga European kumboona kuti siyana nezvinonhuhwira, aiva Hristofor Kolumb, uyo aiona chokoreti vanwe mutongi dzomunharaunda. Kuti Columbus akauya Vanilla kuna Europe, apo kusimba munuhwi yaro yokutanga munyika dzakadai Spain, Austria uye Italy yavose sezvavakatarirwa. The vokuSpain, ada kuti Vanilla munhuwi uye akagamuchira kubva kutengeswa pods purofiti kutora kubva kumarudzi Mexican akawanda mutero ndiwo muchero, yakaumbwa mushure -buda pakati Vanilla ruva. Vanopfuura matatu emakore chiSpanish umambo ndiye oga imupota uye mutengesi Vanilla muna Old World. Nokuda kudhura uye kunzwisisa adzikinure dzimwe nyika akasangana ichi inonhuhwira gare gare. Saka, pakutanga XVII remakore, Vanilla rakatanga kuwedzerwa zvinhu zvakabikwa, uyewo yaro flavoured kusvuta wemisanganiswa kuti pombi uye zvinwiwa zvinodhaka.

botanical zvinhu

Vanilla, zvakawanda chaizvo - Vanilla Orchid - mumiriri chete Orchid mhuri (orchidaceae), michero, izvo zviri kushingaira kushandiswa nevanhu. Sub-mhando chirimwa ichi, chizvarwa kuti dzinopisa kumatunhu vaviri hemispheres panyika, pane anenge 100. Nokuti Vanilla rapera iri zvokutenga pamwero ose matatu Categories:

• planifolia;
• pompona;
• tahitensis.

Kuti uwane mamwe mashoko pamusoro mumwe nomumwe wavo vachakuudza gare gare.

All Vanilla - Curling mizambiringa, izvo zvakasikwa ezvinhu anogona kusvika 40 metres. Zvakasikwa, ndivo parasitic ari koko miti uye yecocoa ivo hwokugadza anokosha zvokushandisa kana kudyarwa pedyo navo Dracaena miti havasi kutambura kubva munzvimbo yakadaro. Vanilla mizambiringa kukura chaizvo, kukura mumwedzi kare anogona kusvika kumusoro kuti mita. Kubva herbaceous hura Vanilla achiumba panguva kukura midzi ane muzvizhinji mhepo, achibatsira kuomerera chirimwa uye rakaitwa miti. Mashizha ichi Orchid dzine, denderedzwa-lanceolate.

Large uye zvakanakisa hwema Vanilla maruva, mapikicha izvo zvinogona kuonekwa pazasi, vakaunganidza ari mumakwenzi uye dzakapendwa mu tsvuku-nyoro ruvara. Perianth ine petals matanhatu, imwe iri kungoitwa kumicheto uye anoumba munhu "muromo", izvo pistil zvakavanzika uye stamen chete. Similar ruva mamiriro anoita zvakaoma pollination, izvo zvinogona kutakura chimwe chete mhando nyuchi omunharaunda uye Tsodzo.

Vanilla Anotumbuka mugore hwake rechitatu, pamwe zuva rimwe chete mumwe ruva mupenyu. Ovary, izvo zvinoumba mukume maruva Vanilla, dzichiri kwazvo refu kubva 7 kusvika 9 months - uye dzinoumba nhete elongated cylindrical muchero kureba 10 - 30 masendimita mukati zvisvundu mumwe-mupanda bhokisi izere mbeu duku rutema pamusoro .. Zvirimwa izvi zvibereko kwenguva refu, 20 kusvika 50 makore.

mhando

Akashandurwa kubva muchiLatin mumutauro Russian zvinoreva Vanilla "Pod", uye nhasi mhando nhatu zvinomera zviri akura vazhinji chaanofarira inonhuhwira. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Vanilla maruva kuti zvinowanikwa Central America, vaiva madzitateguru pakubhadhara zvose kushandiswa nhasi.

Vanilla planifolia

Saka, vakawanda uye tiine kupfuura simba uye hwema Vanilla planifolia inokura muCentral America, Indonesia, muCaribbean neMadagascar. Maruva zvipenyu ichi ane zvikuru uye kusimba munhuwi, mukume artificially. Zvibereko chirimwa ichi vari kumorwa noruoko, chichiri kushandiswa kubika uye zvizoro.

Vanilla pompom

Ishoma uye nderamafuta ndiyo inonzi Antilles Vanilla - Vanilla pompona, akura muMexico uye Panama, uyewo dzimwe nyika muCentral America. Izvi mhando rinoshandiswa kakawanda muchimiro atakatora yaigadzira zvokudya.

Tahitian Vanilla

Rumwe rudzi Orchid, vane zvibereko zvinoshandiswa pakubika, inotengwa somugumisiro kuyambuka Vanilla planifolia uye pompona Tahitian Vanilla - Vanilla tahitensis JWMoore. Kura chirimwa ichi muzvitsuwa zviri French Polynesia, uyewo zvimwe wokumaodzanyemba kumatunhu nePacific Ocean. The pods iyi mhando ane mari vanillin maduku, asi vakawanda vemamwe munuhwi zvinoriumba - heliotropine. Nokuda Vanilla tahitensis ine nyoro uye kusimba hunonhuhwira ane predominance michero uye maruva manotsi. Kuwedzera culinary chikumbiro, maruva akaisvonaka kukura tahitensis Vanilla kuti uhwiro uye kushongedzwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana.

Apo inokura?

Kana yepakutanga Vanilla inokura chete mune zvimwe zvikamu Central America, asi nhasi yakura iri dzakawanda dzinopisa. For kwomuzvarirwo kukura chirimwa ichi chinoda nyorovera uye inopisa. Saka miti kunoda tembiricha hapana kupfuura 30 ⁰ C uye kwete kuvatumwa 15 ⁰ C uye aida mwando vanenge 80%. mhando dzose Vanilla zvikuru vachirayira kuti ivhu: Zvinofanira friable uye yakapfuma Organic zvinhu, zvakanaka mhepo permeability uye mvura.

Nhasi, Vanilla vazvinorimirwa munyika dzakawanda munzvimbo kubva 10 kusvika 20 madhigirii kubva neequator: kuMexico, Brazil, Paraguay, United States, kuWest Africa States uye muzvitsuwa French Polynesia.