2 Yukraine mberi: nzira yehondo, nhoroondo yemauto ehondo

Muna 1943, maitiro ehondo emiganhu yeGreat Patriotic War zvishoma nezvishoma inodzokera kunharaunda yezvino yaUkraine. Ikozvino, zviri pachena, zvakajeka kuti USSR ichakunda hondo nevanoshamisira vaFascist. Muchikamu chino tichazotaura pamusoro pe 2 Ukrainian Front, nzira yekurwa, nhoroondo yehondo iri kufadza.

Kubudirira kwekurwisana kukuru kwehondo

Mugumisiro wehondo yekare ingagadziriswa mune imwe hondo, apo mauto akasangana nehuma pahuma uye akabata hondo pakati pavo. Nekuvandudzwa kwekombiyuta yemagetsi, izvi zvatove zvisingakwanisi. Kukunda muhondo yenyika yose (kutanga neHondo Yenyika I) kunogona kukundwa chete neuto rinonyatsorongedza kufamba uye zviito zvekurwisana kwezvikwata pane imwe nzvimbo yepamberi. Muenzaniso wekubudirira kwakadaro kwemauto ehondo kunogona kunzi 2 Ukrainian Front, iyo nzira yekurwa nayo inofadza zvikuru. Kuburikidza nekubatana kwemapoka emauto, murairo unogona kuitika pamwe chete kubudirira kuburikidza munzvimbo dzakasiyana, uye muvengi, nenzira iyo, haazove nehuwandu hwevanhu uye zvehupfumi zvigadziro "kubvisa masango".

Zvisikwa zve 2 Ukrainian Front

Pakupera kwa1943, ndima yeSoviet Russia yakasunungurwa kubva kune vapambi. Nokudaro, vazhinji vevarwi vakabatanidzwa mukusunungurwa kweRussia nzvimbo, vakaramba vachifamba nehondo yavo shure kwevavengi ndokuenda kunharaunda yezvino yaUkraine. Muchirevo ichi, kubatsiridza kwekusika imwe itsva yakasimuka. Mutemo Mukuru weMutungamiriri Mukuru wepamutemo wake we 16 Gumiguru 1943 yakagadzira 2 Ukrainian Front, iyo hondo yakararama kusvikira 1945. Kubva munaOctober 20 wegore rimwe chete, mutemo wakatanga kushanda.

Zvaisava zvakaoma kuvaka sangano rinoshanda rekurwa, nokuti rutivi rweboka racho rwakanga ruine zvikamu zveiyo yaimbova Steppe Front, iyo yakanga yatova neruzivo rwekukurukurirana.

2 Ukrainian Front: Battle Route (Dnieper uye Central Ukraine)

Pakarepo mushure mekusikwa kwekusika, mberi kwakagadzirirwa kusunungura dunhu rekuUkraine nekukurumidza. Pakupera kwaSeptember, mauto panguva iyoyo akanga achiri kumberi kwepaguru akayambuka Dnieper pedyo neKremenchug. Pasinei nokuti chokwadi chakanga chisina simba rakakwana rekurwa kwakakomba, mutungamiriri wacho akasarudza kuramba achiparadza. Basa guru panguva ino nderokudzivirira uto revavengi kuti rirege kurwisana kubva kuDnepropetrovsk, saka boka remakurukota remashure rakasarudza kupfuurira mberi nePyatikhatki line - Apostolovo.

Kuvhiya uku kuchazozonzi Pyatikhatskaya. Izvo zvinopesana mushure mekunyanya kwemauto zvakatanga musi waOctober 15, 1943 uye zvishoma nezvishoma zvakabereka zvibereko zvayo. Mushure mokunge hondo dzakatora nguva refu, mutemo wakashandura nzira.

Kurwisa kweZnamenka uye Kirovograd

Apo hondo yakasungwa muhondo muDnepropetrovsk nzvimbo, zvaifanira kuchinja kutungamiri nekusimbiswa kwehondo. Nokuda kwechinangwa ichi, kubvuma kwaiitwa. Maererano nemashoko akawanikwa neuto, zvakava pachena kuti munharaunda yeZnamenka mashomanana mashomanana evengi anowedzera. Kupa kupikisa kunobudirira, muvengi achafanira kushandura masimba, izvo zvinotora imwe nguva yenguva.

Pasi peZnamenka, hondo yedu, iyo 2 Ukrainian Front, iyo hondo yekurwa nayo muUkraine yakagara kwenguva yakareba, yakarova dambudziko rokutanga panaNovember 14, 1943. Kusvikira musi wa25 Kubvumbi, kwakanga kusina simba rakakosha mumabasa emauto. Asi kubudirira muhondo idzi kwakavimbiswa nehutano 2 Ukrainian Front! Nhoroondo yehutsinye inotevera:

- Kubva panaDecember 3 kusvikira kuDecember 5 kwaiva nehondo dzekusunungurwa kweguta reAlexandria. Kune fascists, ichi chaive chinhu chinonyanya kukosha, nokuti munzvimbo ino kunyange ikozvino kune mahombekombe makuru emarasha, ayo aishandiswa sehuni.

- Kubva musi waDecember 6, kurwa kwakatanga nokuda kwekusunungurwa kwegungano guru rezvitima - guta reZnamenka. Guta rakabudiswa mumazuva mashoma.

- Ipapo mauto akaenda kuKirovohrad. Nharaunda kubva kuZnamenka kuenda kunharaunda yepakati makiromita 50 chete, asi hondo yakakwanisa kusunungura Kirovograd chete musi waJanuary 8, 1944. Muvengi akavaka nhare yakasimba yekuzvidzivirira, iyo yakareba kwenguva refu yakadzosa masoja eSoviet, asi yakanga isingagoni kurwisa kuparadzwa.

Uman-Batoshan basa

Ko 2 Ukrainian Front yakaenda kupi? Nzira yehondo yehondo dzedu yakaramba ichienda kumadokero. Zvaive zvakakodzera kusunungura Kodzero-Bank Ukraine neMoldova. Izvo zvinopesana neUan kubva kumuganhu weKirovograd zvakatanga musi waMarch 5, 1944. VaGermany vaisagona kusika nhare yakasimba yekuzvidzivirira mumuganhu wekushanda. Muzvikamu zvose, kunze kwekufambisa ndege, simba reBlack Army raive rinenge kaviri pane rakakosha kune zvanokwanisa zvemuvengi. Hondo yakakunda mutsara wekudzivirira mauto we Wehrmacht anenge makiromita 8 kubva mumazuva maviri. Pashure pacho, kubudirira kwakabudirira kwakatanga.

Guta reUman rakasunungurwa musi waMarch 10, 1944. Ipapo mauto akayambuka Southern Bug uye akaramba achienda kuDubno neZhmerinka. Musi waMarch 19, guta reMogilev-Podolsky rakasunungurwa.

Kutaura zvazviri, mumavhiki maviri, mauto eSoviet akabudirira mune duku "blitzkrieg". Somuenzaniso, kureba kubva kuKirovohrad kusvika kuUman kune 197 km. Kubva kuUman kuenda kuMogilev zvakare hausi pedyo zvikuru. Tinofanirwawo kufunga nezvechikonzero chekurwa.

Mukupera kwaMarch uye kutanga kweApril, mauto e 2nd Ukrainian Front aifanira kubatsira mauniti e 1 Ukrainian Front pedyo neKametets-Podolsky. Basa racho: rakapoteredza 1 muvengi weuto rehondo. Mauto aifanira kusvika kune Dniester ndokurwisa chaizvoizvo pamahombekombe kuitira kuti atendere hondo yevavengi. Rin'i racho rakanga ravharwa. Musi waApril 3, ngarava yacho yakatora guta reKotyn, rinozivikanwa nenhare yaro.

2 Ukrainian Front: The Battle Road muNhoroondo yeHondo kune imwe nyika

Masoja eEuropean Front Front akatora chikamu mubasa re Red Army kunze kwemiganhu yeU.SR yakaitirwa kuparadzwa kwakakwana kwemauto evengi. Zvakakosha panyaya iyi zviitiko zveAugust 1944. Panguva iyoyo, mauto eSoviet akaita basa rekunyadzisa raJasko-Kishinev, iro rakabva rasvika rikabatanidzwa nemauto eRomania veBucharest-Arad. Icho chinangwa chekushanda uku chaiva kushandiswa kwesimba muRomania uye kubviswa kwehurumende iyi kubva muhondo kurwisa USSR. Pasina mubvunzo, Red Army, iyo yakanga isati yisingakwanisi kumira panguva iyoyo, yakazadzisa basa rayo.

Zvakare 2 Ukrainian Front (kurwisana nenzira 922 p. Regiment nemamwe makemikari anorondedzerwa munyaya yacho) vakatamirwa kuHungary. MunaOctober, hondo yedu yakaita kuti vatsamwisana neuto revavengi munzvimbo yeDebrecen. Hondo Yemauto "South", iyo yakashanda muHungary, yakapwanyika nekuda kwezviito zvakarongwa zvakanaka zvemauto edu. Mushure mezvo maSoviet mauto akatungamira kuBudapest, akakomba muvengi ndokupinda muguta.

Kurwisana kwokupedzisira kwemauto e 2nd Ukrainian Front yakaitwa muAustria neCzech Republic. Dare rePrague rinonyomba pamusoro pemamwe mapoka emauto eGermany rakapera musi waMay 12, 1945.

Mhedziso

Munhoroondo yeHondo Yenyika Yechipiri, chiUukraine Front (iyo nzira yehondo - 1943-1945) yakasiya chiratidzo chinokosha. Masoja ezvo izvozvi zvakasununguka akadzikinura nzvimbo dzinokosha dzeCentral Ukraine, uye akabatanidzwawo muhondo munyika dzakawanda dzeEurope.

Europe, Russia, Ukraine neBelarus hazvikanganwi kushandiswa kwemauto eSoviet!