Zita yekare Ages maguta list, nhoroondo uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Nhoroondo yevanhu odzokera emakore. Huge kufarira ndiko kudzidza zvakasiyana eras. Munyaya ino, muverengi ravapo Kunyatsoziva mazita maguta avo nhoroondo kuMiddle Ages.

A mukuru hunhu Ages maguta

Nguva yeMiddle Ages chinhu chisinganzwisisiki uye makakatanwa munhoroondo yevanhu. kukosha kwayo pakugadzirwa maguta hwakakura kwazvo. On dzavo chiitiko Ages, kukanganiswa zvinotevera zvinokonzera:

• European Maguta nhaka huru zviri rokutonga hweRoma. Ivo achiripo kusvikira nhasi.
• In paumbwe Ages maguta vairidza chihombe basa dzaishandiswa nevezvokutengeserana dzaibatanidza Europe pamwe East.

• Chaikosha ndimo dzemamongi nemisasa vaiva kutanga mumaguta ramangwana. Kunyange zvazvo chete vamwe dzokugara madzimambo uye feudal madzishe vakabatsira nekukura zvoupfumi kweguta.
• Zvikuru vaiva hondo, urwo rwakatora emakore dzose. Chinangwa kuzvidzivirira meimba akanga mukuru urefu, migwagwa yaiva yakatetepa mapindu - pasi.
• Chiitiko kuMiddle Ages ndiye madhorobha kukura navaArabhu. Vari kwose kwose vakavaka misasa kuti mauto. Kudzora akakunda nyika, akavaka wenhare, iyo navaArabhu rinonzi Shahristani. Pane zvose akagadzirisa: vatongi, avo varanda, courtiers, navapfuri vesimbi, uto squads. Shakhristans akavaka kunhivi kugarwa, akakombwa namasvingo.
• Kumabvazuva kweguta muMiddle Ages zvakasiyana European vaya. Iripo imwe chete ino wenyika, asi vasina kodzero.

Mdina

The Ages guta raiva guru cheMarita rokutanga. Mune imwe nzira inonzi vakanyarara guta. The kugarwa nevanhu rokutanga rinoreva Bronze Age, pfumbamwe BC. Nzvimbo dzokugara veFenikiya akasarudza pechikomo. The yokugara akanga akapoteredzwa namasvingo kudzivirira pakurwisa kubva mamwe madzinza.

Chii akakwezva nzvimbo iyi yekare kugara? Kune manyuko pasi nokuda iyo vanhu vaigona refu kukunda kukombwa, pasina kuenda kunze unodzivirira hurongwa. The guta yasvika kubudirira kusingaenzaniswi, kana yaitongwa navaRoma. Gare gare, apo bhodhi Mdina akapfuura navaArabhu, guta rakanga riri muzvikamu, rimwe rwakazokura kuzivikanwa Rabat.

Middle Ages kuna Mdina kuchiratidzwa kwemahofisi mariri pakati vairemekedzwa. Mune thirties pakati nemitanhatu remakore, guta azivikanwa yakazvimirira, iye anowana mamiriro ane zvionera ugari. Chete pashure Knights vakatora kiyi muguta. Gare gare varidzi Mdina zvakachinja kakawanda, uye pamwechete navo chinzvimbo uye zita Ages maguta.

Constantinople

Mabviro mazita guta Ages kufananidzira. Constantinople - guta Byzantine Empire pamwe simba tsika dzekare. mavambo ayo ari chokuita guta Greek rekare Byzantium. Constantinople yakavakwa panzvimbo yayo, uye rakanga zvikuru inokosha kukosha: nzvimbo nzvimbo yeguta rekare rakava kweItari, iyo akaenda Bosporus, uye iye - muGungwa Dema.

Byzantium rakavakwa Greek colonists muna 660 BC, asi Constantinople rakapfuura naye. Ndima guta anopindura zvikomo nomwe, seRoma. Maererano iye mufananidzo simba, dzimba yakarongwa Constantinople kuti mupfumi vanhu. Nhoroondo yokutanga Byzantine nguva kwakaratidzwa mamiriro simba zvenyika, apo mugwagwa pomumbure zvakachengetedzwa, zvose muRoma uye Constantinople vakabata zvikuru zvinoriumba nyika uye gungwa pakutengeserana. City vakabata chikuru nzvimbo pakati pamakungwa vaviri Black uye Mediterranean.

The Ages guta Romania

Kwazvo mubereko kuvanhu vakasiyana ounyanzvi hwokugadzira, kunyanya nokuti vasayendisiti, ndivo Ages guta. Nyora mazita mamwe maguta akachengetwa sezvinotevera:

• Sighisoara - guta yakaisvonaka kwazvo Transylvania, riri pamusoro pechikomo. Ari vaiona nzvimbo yechizvarirwo pamusoro Dracula. guta rino rine zita wokuGermany Shessburg uye wokuHungary - Shegeshvar. It yakavambwa German colonists muzana remakore rechisere. Vakavaka nenhare, machechi, uye Clock Tower. emakore anoverengeka guta rakanga utiziro enyika uye muchiuto. Zvombo, pfuma zvakabiwa, mapepa anokosha uye zvokudya aifanira kuchengetwa imwe nzvimbo. wachi neshongwe yakanga takapoteredzwa rusvingo simba, uye zvinhu zvose zviri akachengeta. Pakazosvika zana remakore rechigumi Shessburg akagamuchira mamiriro guta akasununguka uye akava vaitungamirira muzinda wezvokutengeserana uye rwokugadzira muEastern Europe.

• Brasov - guta hakusi muduku kunaka Sibiu, icho akagamuchira rimwe zita - yeRomania Salzburg. Zvinowanikwa pakati neRomania. Wokutanga zvinyorwa guta rakanyorwa yakatanga kusvika 1235. Mazita maguta Ages European kazhinji achinja. Saka chii chakaitika kune Brasov. Akanzi Brasco, Stefanopolisom, Brasso, Kronstadt. The yakanaka nenzvimbo chinzvimbo uye kubatana nevamwe namagariro vakarega guta kukudziridza upfumi nokukurumidza, nokudaro nokukurumidza Brasov rakava chikuru muzinda Transylvania.

Zita Ages maguta: Georgia uye Armenia

maguta Major munguva iyi raiva munhare muguta uye namafuro. City akadana Shahastan, mutongi - Amir. Mambo wake akagadzwa. Vagari veguta vakanga vanhu vakasiyana munzanga, asi vakawanda vaiva vatengesi navapfuri vesimbi. The dzakananga Zita Ages mumaguta (nomumwe wavo), funga zvinotevera kuGeorgia uye Armenia:

• Ani chinzvimbo kweguta akagamuchira chete muzana remakore rechigumi. Pasati pava nenhare parwizi Akhuryan. Fast-aifamba 961, kana akagamuchira mamiriro guta guru roumambo Bagratuni. Makore makumi mashanu zvakazova waiva muzinda kuMiddle East. Kukurumidza kukura reguta wakakodzera, kupfuura zvose, nzvimbo yomugariro Ani iri nechepakati umambo uye miganhu nedzimwe nyika: Russia, Byzantium, Iran, Aghvank uye Georgia.
• Karin - guta Armenian yekare. Other mazita Theodosiopolis, kubvira regumi remakore - Erzurum. Karin akava guta-nenhare vakavirikidza namasvingo, neshongwe uye kuzvidzivirira moats. Karin vakayambuka karavhani migwagwa kuti akabatanidza East uye West. Asi Karin haana kuva anokosha guta munyika nokuda hwekazhinji nezvehondo.
• Van - guta rekare Armenia, musi iyo hwaro ndiro remakore rechipfumbamwe BC. Ndicho kupfuura nepakati handicraft kugadzirwa uye kutengeserana. Masters rakazvipira zvombo, nevhu, zvishongo uye varuki.

Maguta Ages of Kazakhstan

Cities kunyika yaitonga ichi vane nhoroondo anonakidza. Asi ikozvino chete vakasara zvakachengetedzwa navo. Zita Ages maguta Kazakhstan kujairika panguva nzeve. Vamwe vavo dzinoturwa pazasi munyaya:

• Otrar. The nzvimbo munhu womupata Ishe DARYA River. Masayendisiti kudana confluence mbiri nzizi, Ishe DARYA uye Arys, Otrar oasis. Guta yakanaka nenzvimbo nzvimbo: nayo riri mharadzano migwagwa yakawanda. Rakanga kupfuura zvinobatsira uye zvine ngozi zvikuru nzvimbo muna Central Asia. Hondo dzokukunda urwo rwakatora emakore, akashandura kamwe nokubudirira guta matongo. Nhasi, afanane isina-mhepo miziyamu.

• Sauran. guta rino rakaumbwa uye Oguz namarudzi Kimaks kwavakanga akasaina zvibvumirano uye mhindu. The guta raiva nhare simba vane simba masvingo chaizvo hurongwa kuti anogona kukunda refu kukombwa pasina mvura uye chikafu. Mamiriro guru AK-Orda guta akagamuchira muzana remakore rechigumi nemana. Panguva iyi, zvedongo kugadzirwa ndokusvika-nguva dzose yepamusoro. zvinyorwa zvakanyorwa zvinoratidza kuti Sauran akanga guru uye akapfuma guta.

The womukati nokusimbaradza muguta

KuMiddle Ages nhare fence kuti komberedza kwete chete chokunze mukomberedzo muguta, asiwo munharaunda mukati maro. Panguva iyoyo vaifanira kudzivirira guta chenguva dzose Kusanzwisisana namapoka vavatorwa munyika. Munguva kurwisa, vavengi, vanhu vaifanira kutsvaka pokuvanda, mhiri masvingo eguta, apo vakamirira kuparadza kusingadzivisiki, saka vakavaka masvingo uye mukati meguta, kuti vazvidzivirire kubva pangozi kuti angatarisirwa chero nguva. The ngozi aigara, kunyange dai pakanga musingaitwi hondo.

Zita womukati Kusimbaradza muchiRussia Ages muguta inotsamira kusimbiswa mhando. Nyore raiva capes mhando. Yemanyorero kugarwa akasarudzwa nzvimbo rakapoteredzwa hova kuumbwa kana confluence. The chaiye muguta Akadzivirirwa kumativi, asi Chakazarurwa pasi kurutivi. Munzvimbo ino uye akavaka masvingo: inoerera, panharirire, palisades. A mukuru nokusimbaradza kuMiddle Ages aiva maguta pachavo, dzemamongi uye nematende.

Kazhinji, vari mubasa rokuvaka simba, uye kana usina simba, vafundisi uye enyika madzishe, sezvo muFrance kana Italy. Cities muGermany ane womukati Kusimbaradza, rinonzi Burg. Vaiva mitemo yavo pachavo uye nemirayiro.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

• Vanhu munguva anorondedzerwa chaizvo kashoma kushambidzwa, nekuti vaitenda kuti akanga ari mumuviri mvura anogona kombera nayo.
• Londoners kuMiddle Ages nezuva rimwe kukandwa padare matani makumi mashanu chetsvina.
• Maguta Medieval vasina menzira uye Asphalt mumigwagwa. Vanhu vaifanira kufamba pasi, vakafuka kuorera mazviri zvikaramba mhuka, scraps zvokudya, tsvina. Saka, kunyanya kusvibisa mumigwagwa London kwakaita kuti chidzoke itsva dzakagadzirirwa vanhu icheneswe mutsvina yadzo uye dzimwe ungwandangwanda. Vanhu ava vainzi Zolotarev, sezvo ari tsvina basa vakanga vaibhadhara mari yakawanda.