Yavaibvisa Formate: kugadzirwa, zvivako uye mafomu

Kune mishonga yakawanda kuti upenyu nyore kuti murume ano. Chimwe chaizvozvi yavaibvisa Formate. The yokuita remubatanidzwa ichi - HCOONa. Zvinonzi zvakare kakawanda vachinzi yavaibvisa Formate.

tsananguro

Yavaibvisa Formate chinhu byproduct anobudiswa panguva kugadzirwa pentaerythritol. Izvi zvinhu anowanzodanwa kushandiswa senzvimbo kuderedza mumiririri mu makemikari kwetunhu zvavaifunga. Kugadzirira yavaibvisa Formate Rinobatanidzwa zvimwe zvinetso wokunatswa mukomboni ino. Saka, pakupedzisira chigadzirwa anogara zvishomanana admixture kuti pentaerythritol nezvinogadzirwa nomukaka. Yavaibvisa Formate - iri crystalline upfu, chena kana zvishoma grayish ruvara. Dzimwe nguva sero asangana yavaibvisa Formate pamwe zvishomanana greenish tint. Tsvina varipo mariri havasi kuonekwa kune kupfeka ziso. The upfu, riri kutengeswa, vanobudisa chikamu chikuru fuma Hachifaniri asingasviki 92%. Qualitatively, yavaibvisa Formate chaicho kurema mvura haafaniri kupfuudza 3%. In kuti mishonga vane uye sweeteners. In mazwi kwavo shuga tigutsikane havagoni kupfuudza 1%.

To musi, hakuna chimwe maindasitiri kugadzirwa kwemakemikari ichi. Sezvo yavaibvisa Formate rinobudiswa sezvo Kubudirira, zvinoda mamwe inokosha kugadzira michina. Mamwe makambani vanoedza synthesize fuma iyi, asi kugadzirwa zvakadai zvinodhura chaizvo uye hazvina akakodzera vakawanda kugadzirwa.

The yokuita yavaibvisa Formate - HCOONa. Sezvo mashoko aya rine formic asidhi izvo rakaisvonaka protivolednym reagent zvinonzi inonyanyoshandiswa akashandiswa antifreeze.

Properties kuti yavaibvisa Formate

Kugadzirwa hwokugadzira yavaibvisa Formate inoshandiswa mumaindasitiri dzakawanda. Its kushandiswa kwakapararira nokuda ehupfumi. fuma Izvi chaizvo soluble mumvura. Zviri zvishoma soluble doro uye insoluble mu Eteri. Yavaibvisa Formate haina kujeka uye zvakazara kuputika-uchapupu. Pasinei neizvi, mune nzvimbo okuchengetera uye chikumbiro havagoni kushandisa rakashama rimi uye kusvuta hazvibvumidzwe.

Nzvimbo pokushandisa makemikari

Rinoshandiswa sechinhu antifreeze chirungiso kweShanduro dzakasiyana-siyana chivakwa zvivako. It rinoshandiswawo ari kusukuta matehwe indasitiri. Rinoshandiswa nenzira dzakasiyana-preddubilnyh kushandiswa.

The yavaibvisa Formate sezvo mbishi zvinhu hunokosha kweShanduro zvakadai makemikoro sezvo formic acid. It rinoshandiswawo mafuta indasitiri uye somunhu chezvinonhuwira Anti-icing at nevamiririri.

The nezvainoita muviri

Yavaibvisa Formate kwavo dhigirii yevanhu kuona kunotaurwa 4 kirasi njodzi. Inogona kukuvadza kuti muviri pamatunhu kuwanda. Yavaibvisa Formate kunowanzokonzera akashatirwa kuti mucous membranes uye yokumusoro kufema turakiti. In kushanda kwemakemikari ichi chinofanira kushandiswa PPE: unomubatsira kufema, gown, rabha Magorovhosi Chipfeko. Kana petsaona chete kusunungurwa yakawanda yavaibvisa Formate anofanirwa kushandisa gasi chifukidzo. Nokuti kuchengetera yakaoma namakemikari vakapakata kwadzo dzokuchengetera, umo inochengeterwa muhomwe kunyatsonzwisisa pallets.

Yavaibvisa Formate - antifreeze

Kuwedzera kushandisa bhizimisi uye kuvaka, fuma iri kushingaira kushandiswa antifreeze mumiririri pamwe kukudzivirirai kushanda. Iye, kusafanana nedzimwe mhando Anti-icing at nevasori, haana aiparadza kukanganisa zvakatipoteredza. Uyezve, kubva hazvina zvakare kukanganiswa zvikamu imotokari zvesimbi. Its vakasununguka uye zvinogona kushandiswa pakurapa zvivako nevanhu mumugwagwa zvivako somunhu ngura inhibitor.

Yavaibvisa Formate Construction

mushonga uyu rinokosha nokuda kweDzimba monolithic kongiri uye zvakasimbisa kongiri hurongwa ari kuchitonhora mwaka. Uyezve, Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa kunyange apo mhepo tembiricha - 5 ° C. It rinoshandiswawo pagadzirwe monoliths mu Precast hurongwa nokuda Simbiso majoini, nokuti Precast kongiri zvigadzirwa. Yavaibvisa Formate iri chakaunzwa chesamende musanganiswa zvinotevera kukura:

• 2% kurema esimende zvaishandiswa mashoko akaoma namakemikari mukukutu panguva tembiricha anosvika -5 ° C (chipimo chemushonga 8 makirogiramu / L 7);

• 3% - kusvika -10 ° C (12 makirogiramu / 10,5 L);

• 4% - kusvika -15 ° C (16 makirogiramu / 14 L).

Panguva gadziriro nekongiri pamwe yavaibvisa Formate zvazvichanyungudutswa mvura inodziya. Muchiitiko ichi pane chinokosha yokurumbidza nokuda nokusanganisa ichi mhinduro. Saka, zviri awedzera pamwe kuvhenganisa mvura kuburikidza rinokosha dispenser mishonga yokuvirisa. Munogona kushandisa mvura dispenser. Mukupera nyaya, vaiitawo zvakakodzera kuderedza kuparadzwa yaro 8-13%. Nokuda yavaibvisa Formate ane kumhanyisa nekongiri nokuomesa, riri kunyanya kushanda pakuvaka mukuru akamuka zvivakwa.

matanho okudzivirira

Izvi zvinhu haagoni kushandiswa pre-akasimbisa zvakagadzirwa, apo simbi inoshandiswa muedzo zvidzidzo AT-VI, AT-IV, A-V. Uyewo, hazvina akakodzera kongiri uye kongiri zvinogadzirwa dzichashandiswa mu gasi uye mvura runyararo pamwe mwando kupfuura 60% uye zvakagadzirwa rakagadzirirwa maindasitiri mabhizimisi uye yakafadza chokufambisa, apo DC rinoshandiswa.

Kana uchishandisa izvi zvinhu zvinofanira kuyeukwa kuti zvichiri kwete "gostirovano" sezvo antifreeze, saka chete kushandisa ruzivo pamusoro payo, izvo zviri pachena achazoburuka uye "Zvinotarisirwa pamusoro pokushandiswa yavaibvisa Formate michina". Ekupedzisira vakanga aifarirwa nyanzvi komiti musayenzi uye michina NIISK Council. Vagadziri zhinji kwemakemikari aburitswa kwayo hwokugadzira nokurondedzerwa (TU). Pari, kutengeswa mishonga inowanikwa China, hazvibviri kuziva kuti unhu sezvakamborehwa kazhinji haritombotauri kuva certificate. Ndokusaka zviri nani kutenga zvinhu kubva yakavimbika mumhuri vaburitsi.