Yakutsk: zvisakamboonekwa nhoroondo, wongororo

Permafrost, utsinye, asi nyika nomutsa zvikuru, asingakanganwiki nousiku chena - izvi zvose yakakumirira muna Yakutsk - guta, yakasiyana uye yepakutanga, kuti captivates vose kanenge kamwe akashanyira pano. Beautiful mumapaki uye wakajeka hunhu Yakutia kuchaita kuroverera chero kukuchidzira kuti panze mabasa, hapana munhu anoda Kumboshanya murunyararo.

Yakutsk: zvisakamboonekwa nhoroondo

Wokutanga rinotaura veguta ndezvaMwari 1632. Pano Yakutsk Fort yakavakwa achizvidavirira vakandimukira. Rakanga wokutanga Russian muchiuto kugarwa pamusoro kunyika Yakut, takazobatana vakavakidzana navo Siberian nyika. Kwemakore gumi, ivo Yakuts vakarwisa dzavarwi kanoverengeka, asi nguva dzose kumirira kukundwa kwavo. Panguva iyoyo paiva miganhu dzakabatana itsva, uye mutorongo yakava muzinda Yakutsk County. Mamiriro guta zita rayo kuitika Yakutsk akagamuchira muna 1643.

Up kusvikira 1900 aiva chikamu kuSiberia rweRoma, ipapo Irkutsk Province, kakawanda zvakachinja chinzvimbo wayo muguta yoruwa panguva remunharaunda centre. Uye chete muna 1922 zvakanzi pamutemo sezvo guru Yakut Republic.

guta rino hwokumusoro akanaka chaizvo. Yakutsk varipo tsananguro anogona kuwanikwa mabhurocha makambani akawanda kufamba. A refu uye zvinofadza nhoroondo kunooneka ayo zvivako zvakawanda, uko vagari vanomutsa kwazvo. Ngatitore kuzivana nevamwe vavo.

Architectural uye Historical Museum "Ushamwari"

Yakutsk, umo zvinotyisa vachiri kukonzera kunetseka pakati masayendisiti uye vatsvakurudzi vari vanofarira uye vanhuwo vashanyi.

"Ushamwari" Museum iri kurudyi pamahombekombe mi- Lena River, apo vatsvakurudzi Russian inotangwa Lensky Ostrog, iyo akatanga guta. Nhasi chinhu chikuru nzvimbo uye zvetsika muzinda Yakutsk.

The miziyamu yakavhurwa mukutanga kuma1990. mutungamiri wayo aiva akakurumbira zvavo munyori Yakut - Suorun Omolloon.

Vashanyi All kuti miziyamu kubudikidza anokwanisa mudonzvo kupa Aingoziva nhoroondo reunification yeRussia uye Yakutia, kuongorora mberi simba wokuRussia tsika pamusoro tsika zvemo vagere zvokuvhoterwa.

kwamagwaro miziyamu

Ari miziyamu unogona kuwana Kunyatsoziva tsika Evenki, chukchi uye Dolgan Yukagirs. Kufarira vashanyi National dhirezi avanhu rwokumusoro kwamagwaro XIX-XX emakore, kumysnyh midziyo emapuranga, nevakadzi zvishongo vekare kuvigwa zvivako.

Pakazosvika yakasiyana vanovengwa miziyamu-kuchengeterwa zvinofanira kusanganisira Yakut kumakuva uko anosikwa mu kurongwa emapuranga Zvivako anoratidza muitiro of zvechiKristu of Yakuts.

nemapoka Museum

Zviitiko zvinokosha Yakutsk, saka yepakutanga, kuti vazhinji vavo vari nemamwe munyika. Muenzaniso uyu - rakasiyana nemamwe Museum of nemapoka. Munyika hamuna masangano akadaro, izvo dzidzira uye kudzidza paleontological Exhibits.

It rakaumbwa muna 1991 sechinhu musayenzi uye netsika pakati, rave kudzidza mammoths uye upenyu hwavo muna Ice Age. Akatanga kusika miziyamu ichi chaiva mamontolog wokutanga kubva Yakutia Petr Alekseevich Lazarev.

Norudo Yakutia panguva Zvakafukunurwa, vanochera matongo vakawana zvinoshamisa zvakawanikwa - mammoths, bako shumba, bison, woolly chipembere, musk mombe nezvimwewo-refu yakatotsakatika mhuka. Asati Panovhurwa miziyamu dzinokosha zvikuru zvakabudiswa aitumirwa nechepakati masangano mumaguta makuru munyika. The chidzoke of Museum of nemapoka zvinobvira kuita zvose zvidzidzo uye kuvasiya Yakutsk.

Muna July 1998, miziyamu yakava chikamu Institute of Zvakarurama Ecology of North. Uye muna 2011 yakava weboka North-Eastern Federal University.

Panguva dzakawanda mikoko, pakati dzakawanda dzinonakidza zvakawanikwa, tinogona kuona mwana nemapoka Dima (kunyange chiri kopi), iyo inowanikwa 1977 chokumusoro kunosvika of Kolyma River. Nhasi ari kuchamhembe guru. Over pfupi nguva ari miziyamu chine muunganidzwa guru, kupfuura 1,450 Exhibits.

Laboratory Institute merzlovedeniya

vashanyi vakawanda vachiuya Yakutsk, zvinokwezva vanotanga kudzidza kubva ichi rabhoritari pevhu. Ndezvenguva Institute of Permafrost. Nhasi ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo dzine mukurumbira nzvimbo muguta.

Murabhoritari rakaumbwa muna 1961 kuti misoro kudzidza permafrost. Nokuti kuedza mukudhinda murabhoritari, zvaida tembiricha kunaka. Naizvozvo, rezasi maberere akanga avata pasi pachiyero razero amplitude ivhu tembiricha zvakananga pasi kuvaka Institute of Permafrost. Rezasi maberere gore kumativi invariable tembiricha: -5 ...- 4 ° C, mwando - 70% kusvika 100%.

Yakutsk, zvinokwezva izvo katyamadza kunyange vafambi vaikudzwa nomukurumbira munyika dzinoverengeka chinokosha mabasa chokuita nokudzidza zvemaziso zvivako echando, ivhu zvinokambaira ari permafrost. Nhasi, migumisiro zvidzidzo izvi zvave zvinobudirira yokugadzira uye kuvakwa zvivako siyana, maindasitiri uye dzinogarwa zvivako, migwagwa uye mapaipi.

Zoo "Orto-Doydu"

vashanyi vakawanda kusvika Yakutsk uye zvinokwezva vakamirira kuona chii chaunoda, asi "Ortho-Doydu" Zoo kuvapo vakawanda anova chisingatarisirwi. Zviri revoruzhinji reRepublic of Sakha. The paka iri pamahombekombe Lena River, mune nzvimbo nzvimbo - Erkeeni Valley.

Park zita rinoshandurwa kubva mutauro Yakut rinoreva "nyika pakati". Chokwadi ndechokuti zviri Yakut mungano kusiyanisa nyika nhatu - rokumusoro, pakati uye ezasi. Abas (madhimoni) kurarama yepazasi nyika Paavhareji - vanhu nemhuka, uye vanotsaura dzokumusorosoro vamwari. Saka mhuka Yakutsk uye unomirira pakati nyika.

Park "Ortho-Doydu" yakavhurwa 2001. Ndiyo chete Zoo munyika, kushanda zvakanyanyisa kuchamhembe okunze. peculiarity Its iri pakuti rinogona kutora chero mhuka uye kuvabatsira.

Pari zoo inoratidza vanenge 170 marudzi emhuka kurarama siyana nenzvimbo munzvimbo. Pano yakanaka panyaya maberekero yokuSpain East Siberian Arctic mhumhi uye gava. Uyezve, panoratidza zvekumwe nzvimbo mhando iyi mhuka neshiri - the Amur ingwe, musk nzombe, gondo, spruce Grouse Asian, makwapa nondo, Beaver, gondo chena-tailed, nejichidza uye duku, etc ...

Yakutsk, zvinokwezva -: vafambi wongororo

Huge mwoyo vashanyi ichi guta kuchamhembe. Anoshamisa kuchamhembe hunhu, utsinye okunze zvakunoita Yakutsk. Rainzwika muguta rinofadza. Mashoko akawanda inodziya vanokodzera vashandi Museum, uyo tipedze anonakidza zvikuru rwokuparidza.