Writer Veresaev Vikentiy Vikentevich: Biography, mazita mabhuku, kunyanya unyanzvi uye wongororo

Russian munyori Veresaev Vikentiy Vikentevich (Smidovich) chatinokoshesa iri renyeredzi evanyori prose Russian. Nhasi, ari rarasika pakanyorwa vakakurumbira vomuzuva ake L. N. Tolstogo, Saltykov-Shchedrin, Chekhov, Gorky, Bunin, Sholokhov, asi ane maitiro ake, ake soro munorumbidzirweiko kuti mabhuku Russian uye nhamba mabasa akaisvonaka.

Family uye Childhood

Akaberekwa Veresaev Vikentiy Vikentevich, ane Biography aishamwaridzana vocations maviri: chiremba uye munyori, January 4, 1867 mu Tula. Mhuri Munyori yemberi yaiva zvakawanda zvinhu zvakasiyana vemarudzi. Vabereki vanamai vaiva Mirgorodsky Ukrainian uye chiGiriki, mhuri yemadzibaba vaiva vokuGermany uye Poles. Zita Generic kumunyori - Smidovich, vaiva anokudzwa mhuri Polish yekare. baba vake aiva chiremba, yaakasimbisa chipatara rokutanga Tula guta, akatanga kugadzwa utsanana basa muguta akamira kwakatangira mashoko Tula nzanga vanachiremba. Amai Vincent chaiva noblewoman akadzidza zvikuru, akanga ari wokutanga muguta yakavhurwa mumba make kukireshi uye ipapo chepuraimari chikoro. Mhuri aiva nevana 11, vatatu vakafa vaduku. Vose vana vakapiwa yedzidzo mumba kunoramba ashanyirwa vamiririri veko intelligentsia, vaiva kukurukura pamusoro uri enyika, njodzi yacho. In ichi mhepo, uye mukomana achikura, izvo mune ramangwana achava chinhu mumiririri makuru vakadzidza Russian kwamachinda. Kubvira pauduku, Vincent aiverenga mabhuku, kunyanya ake kufarira aiva uchinzvera Genre, kunyanya Mayne Reid uye Gyustav Emar. In kuyaruka, remangwana munyori yezhizha ose nokushingaira kwakabatsira mhuri, akashanda pamwe vanhuwo zvavo, nokushandisa muchina wokucheka, kurima, vakaunza uswa, saka kwokuomerwa zvokurima basa akazvionera.

kudzidza

Vincent Veresaev akakurira mumhuri umo dzidzo yakanga zvairayirwa vose. vabereki vomukomana vakanga pachavo vakadzidza vanhu, takava rakaisvonaka raibhurari uye kuda kudzidza vana inoculated. In Veresaeva vakanga vakanaka kwazvo rwokuzvarwa dzevanhu zvido: ndangariro huru, kufarira mumitauro uye nhoroondo. Chesekondari, akadzidza zvikuru, uye boka rimwe nerimwe rinopera award vadzidzi vokutanga, iye pachimwe zvikuru mukuziva mitauro yekare, uye kare nemakore 13 akatanga kudzidza rokushandura. Veresaev sekondari ane sirivha menduru. Muna 1884 akapinda enhoroondo-philological rorusununguko St. Petersburg University, uyo akapedza kudzidza ane mwero anoda kubhabhatidzwa sayenzi munhoroondo. Asi kushingaira pfungwa populism, simba maonero Dmitri Pisarev uye N. Mikhailovsky rwakamuita kunyoresa 1888 paUniversity Dorpat (Tartu) panguva rorusununguko Medicine. Young vanhu zvakarurama vaidavira kuti vanachiremba kuchaita kumubvumira kuti "endai kuvanhu" uye uuye naye nyasha. Vachiri mudzidzi, muna 1892 akaenda Ekaterinoslav rwenyika kwaaishanda panguva chirwere chekorera, musoro utsanana mumabharaki.

vicissitudes zvoupenyu

Muna 1894, pashure pokupedza kudzidza kubva yunivhesiti, Veresaev akadzokera Tula, apo akatanga sachiremba. Vincent Veresaev, ane Biography zvino chokuita mushonga, panguva yake tsika wezvokurapa akanga kuona upenyu hwevanhu uye vakatora manotsi, iyo ndokubereka mabhuku mabasa. Saka hwake zvakanyatsobatana vaviri zvinhu inokosha muupenyu. Makore maviri gare gare Veresaev akatamira St. Petersburg, akakokwa somumwe yakanakisisa vakapedza kudzidza zvokurapa fakaroti kushanda muSt Petersburg yemauto (ramangwana Botkin) chipatara varwere zvikuru chinotapukira. Kwemakore mashanu mubheka ive Intern uye musoro raibhurari. Muna 1901, akaenda akawanda parwendo muRussia uye Europe, anotaura zvakawanda pamwe vaitungamirira mabhuku kwokufananidzira nguva, akataririra hwevanhu. Muna 1903 akatamira kuMoscow, uko iye anoda kuzvipira mabhuku. Sezvo pakutanga Russian-Japanese hondo Vikentiya Vikentevicha akaunganidza ari chiremba, uye iye anova vagari muduku ari Mobile munda muchipatara muManchuria. Zvandakatanga Kuziva nguva vaizova nyaya vanoverengeka mabasa ake. Panguva World War First uye aiva chiremba uto iri Kolomna, Moscow akanga achiparidza sangano kweuto zvokurapa chikwata.

Budirira-pfungwa Veresaev akatora vaviri Russian Revolution, umo akaona vabatsirwe nokuda nyika. Mushure October Revolution akava sachigaro Art uye dzidzo komiti reCouncil of Workers 'vevatariri muMoscow. Kubva muna 1918 kusvika muna 1921 akagara kuCrimea uye vakanga vazvionera kukuru kurwa pakati chena uye tsvuku, iyi nhamo uye mitoro achava tsime nyaya kuti mabhuku mabasa. Sezvo 1921, mumwe munyori mupenyu muMoscow, anonyora uye ari kushingaira mumabasa mabasa edzidzo uye musangano.

Panguva Second World War, imwe munyori yechikuru kare akatizira Tbilisi. Aikwanisa kuona kukunda of USSR muhondo uye akafa musi June 3, 1945 muMoscow.

Yokutanga mabhuku kuedza

Veresaev Vincent anotanga kunyora zvakawanda yechipiri zera youth pakutanga akaona pachake somunhu nyanduri. bhuku rake rokutanga - detembo "Kufungisisa", rakabudiswa pasi rekunyepedzera V. Vikent'ev mumagazini "Fashion chiedza uye mufashoni chitoro" muna 1885. Pashure pemakore maviri ari "World mufananidzo" magazini pasi rekunyepedzera Veresaev akabudisa pfupi nyaya "The Chirahwe", iro rinopa mhinduro dzaro kumibvunzo mikuru oupenyu: chii mufaro uye zvinoreva upenyu. Kubvira panguva iyoyo, mabhuku yazova zvachose basa Vikentiya Vikentevicha.

kuva tenzi

Vincent Veresaev kubva kwenzira yake mabhuku yave kuzivikanwa mirayiridzo yaro sezvo nzira rokutsvaka, iye mumabasa ake airatidza zvinorwadza nokukanda Russian intelligentsia, paainge pachake amuka kubva zvinhu populism uye Marxism kuti zvive nomwero uchiratidza kuzvipira kunyika iri. Akapotsa pakarepo akaziva kuti nhetembo - akanga asina nzira yake, uye vakatendeuka prose. Akatanga akaedza ruoko rwake zviduku siyana: kunyora nyaya, pfupi nyaya. Muna 1892 akabudisa dzakatevedzana essays "nyikadzimu" nezvoupenyu uye basa rakaoma miners pakati Donetsk. Ipapo yokutanga nguva anoshandisa ainziwo Veresaev, uyo akava zita rake chaiko. Muna 1894 akabudisa yokufungidzira "Hapana nzira," izvo nenzira yokufananidzira inotiudza kutsvaka nzira chinangwa muupenyu Russian paruzhinji uye vakadzidza. Muna 1897, kuti yokufungidzira "desease" anopfuurira chete dingindira, kugadzirira kuwana muduku chizvarwa utungamiri of Social Democratic pfungwa.

kubwinya makore

Muna 1901, kubva veresaevskie "Notes chiremba," wakamuita rakakurumbira munyika yose. Mavari, munyori anotaura pamusoro nzira chiremba wechiduku, pamusoro chaizvoizvo zviri basa, izvo kazhinji woutsinye, ari kuedza pavarwere, tsika kukomba basa iri. The chigadzirwa yakaratidza tarenda guru sezvo munyori Veresaeva, anokunyengedzera zvepfungwa uye munyori wacho akataura. Kubvira nguva achipinda renyeredzi riri vaitungamirira vanyori nyika, pamwe Garshin uye Gorky. Progressive maonero ari munyori haana rwakaonekwa, uye masimba akamutuma pasi zvokuongorora kuna Tula, kuderedza kwayakaita.

Mumakore 1904-1906 kubva ake manotsi pamusoro Japanese hondo, umo chiri anenge zvakananga kutaura nezvokukosha kunangana simba autocracy. Veresaev Vincent chiri aidaro mubhuku kutsikisa, ndiwo akasiyana neshamwari anodzidza. Pashure pokuchinja, aishingaira basa rokudzidzisa, rinobatanidzwa bhuku magazini matsva. Pashure pokuchinja anotendeukira huru siyana uye mabhuku kushorwa Veresaev Vikentiy Vikentevich. Works ari muchimiro "kunzvera dzinonetsa" pamusoro Pushkin, NdiTolstoy, Dostoevsky, Nietzsche akava shoko idzva iri chaiko uye unyanzvi prose. Munyori yagara achitsvaka "dzidzisa vechiduku," kutepfenyurwa dzakakwirira neururami uye pfungwa edzidzo. Kubva peni yake yakaoma uye oupenyu yokunyora nokudhirowa pamusoro Annensky I., A. Chekhov, Leonid Andreyev, mukuru Korolenko.

A yakawanda nguva kunoita munyori rokushandura, dzakabudiswa mabasa akawanda ekare echiGiriki nhetembo munhoroondo yake. Veresaev kwavari ndakatoberekerwa paakavapa ari Pushkin Prize. Kunyange muzuva rake rokupedzisira Vikentiy vaita fora shanduro "rinonzi Iliad" pamusoro Homer.

emunyori nzira

Veresaev Vikenty ake mabhuku mugumo unesungano kuti "upenyu hutsva", umo iye anotaurawo Gorky. mabhuku ndeake harisi chete achirova realism, asiwo sendarama mupfungwa zvaanorumbidza ravo zviitiko. Autobiographical kuva kuzivikanwa basa rake. nemaonero ake pamusoro akavadudzira ari rondedzero munhevedzano manotsi upenyu. Kwouzivi tsvakurudzo akawana mashoko ari nyaya, rwakazokura nomukurumbira Vincent Veresaev. "Kukwikwidzana," "Eytimiya" uye vamwe nyaya vakatanga raibuda ake pamusoro upenyu hwake pachake uye pfungwa pamusoro hadzi yakanaka.

Izvi zvakajeka kupfuura musimboti rokusika Veresaeva akaratidza mumabasa akadai enganonyorwa, "Panguva akafa mugumo" uye "hanzvadzi."

Kutsoropodza uye nhoroondo

Veresaev Vincent apo upenyu kwazvo yakagamuchirwa uchitsoropodzwa kuti vanozvisanangurira zvose kuitika uye zvakanakisisa nemunyori. Modern chaiko kashoma anoreva emunyori basa, izvo, Zvisinei, hazvirevi kusavapo ake zvakawanwa rokusika uye unyanzvi nemabasa. Anodzokorora vaverengi ano, zvakare neapo, asi anonditsigira zvikuru. vanoda Modern Veresaeva kupemberera kwazvo manyorerwo uye kupindirana quests ouzivi ouduku ano kwayo.

zvakavanzika

Veresaev Vikentiy Vikentevich yairamba kunyura mubasa rake. In upenyu aiva nyore uye ushamwari chaizvo uye ane ushamwari murume. Akanga akaroora yake yechipiri Maria Germogenovne. Vana vaviri vakanga vasina. Kazhinji, akagara yakabudirira upenyu uzere basa uye kuita sangano dzidzo uye zvinhu kwacho munyika.